The Ethnic, Race, and Gender Gaps in Workplace Authority: Changes over Time in the United States

2010 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beth Mintz ◽  
Daniel H. Krymkowski
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Gender Gaps ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
Workplace Authority ◽  
Over Time

Nonstandard, Mismatched, and Precarious Work

2020 ◽  
pp. 20-37
Author(s):  
David S. Pedulla
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Economic Strain ◽  
Precarious Employment ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
Hiring Process ◽  
Gender Divisions ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
Over Time

This chapter considers what nonstandard, mismatched, and precarious employment can entail and details the changing nature of the broader economy. There is a growing emphasis on the institutional arrangements and changes that have resulted in economic strain and anxiety for many workers in the United States. The chapter delves into the ways that these nonstandard, mismatched, and precarious employment experiences are evaluated by employers during the hiring process. It also provides basic definitions and background information about these types of employment experiences and how they overlap with race and gender divisions in the labor market. Finally, the chapter examines the existing scholarship on changes over time in these positions and how they impact the lives of workers, their families, and the organizations where they labor.

scholarly journals Balancing race, gender, and responsibility: Conversations with four black women in educational leadership in the United States of America

2021 ◽  
pp. 174114322199183
Author(s):  
Natasha N Johnson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Black Women ◽  
Educational Leadership ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
Hermeneutic Phenomenology ◽  
The United States ◽  
Women's Leadership ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
And Gender

This article focuses on equitable leadership and its intersection with related yet distinct concepts salient to social justice pertinent to women and minorities in educational leadership. This piece is rooted and framed within the context of the United States of America, and the major concepts include identity, equity, and intersectionality—specific to the race-gender dyad—manifested within the realm of educational leadership. The objective is to examine theory and research in this area and to discuss the role they played in this study of the cultures of four Black women, all senior-level leaders within the realm of K-20 education in the United States. This work employed the tenets of hermeneutic phenomenology, focusing on the intersecting factors—race and gender, specifically—that impact these women’s ability and capability to perform within the educational sector. The utilization of in-depth, timed, semi-structured interviews allowed participants to reflect upon their experiences and perceptions as Black women who have navigated and continue to successfully navigate the highest levels of the educational leadership sphere. Contributors’ recounted stories of navigation within spaces in which they are underrepresented revealed the need for more research specific to the intricacies of Black women’s leadership journeys in the context of the United States.

Changes Over Time in Compassion-Related Variables in the United States

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sasha Zarins ◽  
Sara Konrath
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Emotional Response ◽  
The United States ◽  
Empathic Concern ◽  
Actual Data ◽  
Risk Spreading ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
Over Time

Compassion, or empathic concern, is an emotional response to another’s suffering, coupled with the desire to take action to alleviate that suffering. Throughout history, older generations have been critical of younger generations, often arguing that they are more self-focused than previous generations. However, it is important to examine actual data with respect to changes over time in such variables. Without doing so, we risk spreading potentially harmful and inaccurate stereotypes about young Americans. The goal of this chapter is to review research examining changes over time in compassion-related variables in the United States. Research suggests that compassion-related variables have indeed been declining over time, while self-focused variables have been increasing. However, we will also discuss counter-arguments and counter-evidence, and present possible implications of this research.

How race and gender shape the development of social prototypes in the United States.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan F. Lei ◽  
Rachel A. Leshin ◽  
Kelsey Moty ◽  
Emily Foster-Hanson ◽  
Marjorie Rhodes
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
And Gender

Mexican Immigrant Understandings of Empire, Race, and Gender

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
John H. Flores
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Religious Freedom ◽  
Puerto Ricans ◽  
Gender Norms ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mexican Immigrant ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
Mexican Culture ◽  
And Gender

This chapter compares liberal and traditionalist understandings of empire, race, and gender to explain why liberals often declined U.S. citizenship and why traditionalists became more amenable to U.S. naturalization. Mexican liberals defined themselves as anti-imperialist mestizos and, in Chicago, they joined with Puerto Ricans and Nicaraguans to protest U.S. imperialism. Most liberals rebuffed U.S. naturalization, in part, because they were put off by U.S. imperialism, racism, and gender norms. By contrast, traditionalists celebrated the United States for granting them religious freedom, and challenged the liberals by exalting all that was Catholic and thus Spanish and white in Mexican culture. In so doing, traditionalists became more open to a U.S. understanding of whiteness and citizenship, and many traditionalists decided they could create new lives for themselves in the United States.

Indigenous Journalisms

Reckoning ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 160-199
Author(s):  
Candis Callison ◽  
Mary Lynn Young
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Indigenous Knowledge ◽  
Digital Media ◽  
The United States ◽  
Ethical Consideration ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
Mainstream Media ◽  
Ethnographic Fieldwork ◽  
And Gender

Chapter 6 draws on ethnographic fieldwork and interviews with Indigenous journalists in Canada and the United States who have been addressing colonialism, race, and gender in their journalism all along. Indigenous journalists articulate the challenges of working in and among mainstream media that has largely erased and misrepresented Indigenous voices, communities, and concerns on a range of issues. They undertake a differentiated set of approaches that draw on journalism ideals and get at deeper problems structurally such that transformation within journalism as profession, identity, and method might be possible. As a result, Indigenous journalists are using digital media to transform journalism methods, decolonizing journalism ideals like “fairness and balance” by drawing from Indigenous knowledge, histories, and relational frameworks. This chapter provides a bookend to Chapter 1 by offering a pathway into discussing not only new bases for ethical consideration but also provides examples of some of the multiple journalisms available through digital media.

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