Char ecology. Natal homing in sympatric populations of anadromous Arctic charSalvelinus alpinus(L.): roles of pheromone recognition

2009 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Nordeng
Keyword(s):  
Sympatric Populations ◽  
Natal Homing

Spawning season fidelity in sympatric populations of Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus)

2006 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 607-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deirdre Brophy ◽  
Bret S Danilowicz ◽  
Pauline A King
Keyword(s):  
Gonad Development ◽  
Clupea Harengus ◽  
Spawning Season ◽  
Irish Sea ◽  
Atlantic Herring ◽  
Sympatric Populations ◽  
Natal Homing ◽  
Flow Mixing ◽  
Discrete Population ◽  
The Irish Sea

Considerable debate surrounds the issue of reproductive exchange between subunits of marine fish populations. Discrete population theories predict that spawning time and location are predetermined during larval life and that spawning season fidelity and natal homing maintain population integrity. Conversely, spawning assemblages may represent interconnected subgroups within metapopulations with social transmission of spawning behaviours facilitating mixing. This study examines spawning season fidelity in three subpopulations of Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus) with overlapping distributions. Autumn- and winter-spawned fish were collected from spawning and feeding grounds in the Irish and Celtic seas. Hatching season was determined using otolith microstructure and was compared with season of spawning as indicated by visual gonad inspection. Spawning assemblages in the Irish Sea consisted almost exclusively of autumn-spawned fish, despite extensive mixing with winter-spawned fish during the juvenile phase. The available evidence suggests that in Celtic herring, the season and location of spawning are not learned from repeat-spawning adults, but are predetermined, possibly through larval imprinting. The seasonal components showed distinct patterns of gonad development, and estimated rates of spawning season switching were below 10%. Although this exchange rate will facilitate some gene flow, mixing of subgroups is limited. This has important implications for management of seasonal spawning populations.

scholarly journals Balancing Selection on Electrophoretic Variation of Phosphoglucose Isomerase in Two Species of Field Cricket: Gryllus veletis and G. pennsylvanicus

Genetics ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 147 (2) ◽  
pp. 609-621
Author(s):  
Laura A Katz ◽  
Richard G Harrison
Keyword(s):  
Balancing Selection ◽  
Emergent Property ◽  
Phosphoglucose Isomerase ◽  
Field Cricket ◽  
Nucleotide Variation ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
Electrophoretic Variation ◽  
Sympatric Populations ◽  
Field Crickets ◽  
Gryllus Veletis

Two species of crickets, Gryllus veletis and G. pennsylvanicus, share six electrophoretic mobility classes for the enzyme phosphoglucose isomerase (PGI), despite evidence from other genetic markers that the two species are not closely related within eastern North American field crickets. Moreover, the frequencies of the two most common PGI electrophoretic classes (PGI-100 and PGI-65) covary in sympatric populations of these species in the eastern United States, suggesting that PGI may be subject to trans-specific balancing selection. To determine the molecular basis of the electrophoretic variation, we characterized the DNA sequence of the Pgi gene from 29 crickets (15 G. veletis and 14 G. pennsylvanicus). Amino acid substitutions that distinguish the electrophoretic classes are not the same in the two species, and there is no evidence that specific replacement substitutions represent trans-specific polymorphism. In particular, the amino acids that diagnose the PGI-65 allele relative to the PGI-100 allele differ both between G. veletis and G. pennsylvanicus and within G. pennsylvanicus. The heterogeneity among electrophoretic classes that covary in sympatric populations coupled with analysis of patterns of nucleotide variation suggest that Pgi is not evolving neutrally. Instead, the data are consistent with balancing selection operating on an emergent property of the PGI protein.

scholarly journals Premating barriers in young sympatric snail species

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arina L. Maltseva ◽  
Marina A. Varfolomeeva ◽  
Arseniy A. Lobov ◽  
Polina O. Tikanova ◽  
Egor A. Repkin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Snail Species ◽  
Sympatric Populations ◽  
Gastropod Species ◽  
Shell Size ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Partial Canonical Correspondence Analysis ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Isolation Index

AbstractSympatric coexistence of recently diverged species raises the question of barriers restricting the gene flow between them. Reproductive isolation may be implemented at several levels, and the weakening of some, e.g. premating, barriers may require the strengthening of the others, e.g. postcopulatory ones. We analysed mating patterns and shell size of mates in recently diverged closely related species of the subgenus Littorina Neritrema (Littorinidae, Caenogastropoda) in order to assess the role of premating reproductive barriers between them. We compared mating frequencies observed in the wild with those expected based on relative densities using partial canonical correspondence analysis. We introduced the fidelity index (FI) to estimate the relative accuracy of mating with conspecific females and precopulatory isolation index (IPC) to characterize the strength of premating barriers. The species under study, with the exception of L. arcana, clearly demonstrated preferential mating with conspecifics. According to FI and IPC, L. fabalis and L. compressa appeared reliably isolated from their closest relatives within Neritrema. Individuals of these two species tend to be smaller than those of the others, highlighting the importance of shell size changes in gastropod species divergence. L. arcana males were often found in pairs with L. saxatilis females, and no interspecific size differences were revealed in this sibling species pair. We discuss the lack of discriminative mate choice in the sympatric populations of L. arcana and L. saxatilis, and possible additional mechanisms restricting gene flow between them.

Sympatric Populations of Galagoides demidoff and Galagoides thomasi in the Haut-Ogooué Region of Gabon

1998 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 389-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Jean Wickings ◽  
Lesley Ambrose ◽  
Simon K. Bearder
Keyword(s):  
Sympatric Populations

scholarly journals Caution Is Needed When Using Niche Models to Infer Changes in Species Abundance: The Case of Two Sympatric Raptor Populations

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 2020
Author(s):  
Adrián Regos ◽  
Luis Tapia ◽  
Alberto Gil-Carrera ◽  
Jesús Domínguez
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Suitability ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Peat Bogs ◽  
Population Abundance ◽  
Ecological Niche Models ◽  
Landsat Images ◽  
Sympatric Populations ◽  
Circus Pygargus ◽  
Hen Harrier ◽  
Niche Models

Despite the mounting evidence supporting positive relationships between species abundance and habitat suitability, the capacity of ecological niche models (ENMs) to capture variations in population abundance remains largely unexplored. This study focuses on sympatric populations of hen harrier (Circus cyaneus) and Montagu’s harrier (Circus pygargus), surveyed in 1997 and 2017 in an upland moor area in northwestern Spain. The ENMs performed very well for both species (with area under the ROC curve and true skill statistic values of up to 0.9 and 0.75). The presence of both species was mainly correlated with heathlands, although the normalized difference water index derived from Landsat images was the most important for hen harrier, indicating a greater preference of this species for wet heaths and peat bogs. The findings showed that ENM-derived habitat suitability was significantly correlated with the species abundance, thus reinforcing the use of ENMs as a proxy for species abundance. However, the temporal variation in species abundance was not significantly explained by changes in habitat suitability predicted by the ENMs, indicating the need for caution when using these types of models to infer changes in population abundance.

Experimental Sympatric Populations of Clarkia

1961 ◽  
Vol 95 (882) ◽  
pp. 155-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harlan Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Sympatric Populations

scholarly journals Prey consumed by Guiana dolphin Sotalia guianensis (Cetacea, Delphinidae) and franciscana dolphin Pontoporia blainvillei (Cetacea, Pontoporiidae) in an estuarine environment in southern Brazil

2012 ◽  
Vol 102 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta J. Cremer ◽  
Pedro C. Pinheiro ◽  
Paulo C. Simões-Lopes
Keyword(s):  
Prey Species ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Teleost Fishes ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Sympatric Populations ◽  
Sotalia Guianensis ◽  
Important Prey ◽  
Pontoporia Blainvillei ◽  
Lolliguncula Brevis

The present study provides information about the diet of sympatric populations of small cetaceans in the Babitonga Bay estuary. This is the first study on the diet of these species in direct sympatry. The stomach contents of seven Guiana dolphins Sotalia guianensis and eight franciscanas Pontoporia blainvillei were analyzed. The prey of both cetaceans was mostly teleost fishes, followed by cephalopods. We identified 13 teleost fishes as part of the diet of the franciscanas, and 20 as part of the diet of Guiana dolphins. Lolliguncula brevis was the only cephalopod recorded, and was the most important prey for both cetaceans. Stellifer rastrifer and Gobionellus oceanicus were also important for franciscana, so as Mugil curema and Micropogonias furnieri were important for Guiana dolphins. Stellifer rastrifer and Cetengraulis edentulus were the fishes with the highest frequency of occurrence for franciscana (50%), while Achirus lineatus, C. edentulus, S. brasiliensis, Cynoscion leiarchus, M. furnieri, M. curema, Diapterus rhombeus, Eugerres brasilianus and G. oceanicus showed 28.6% of frequency of occurrence for Guiana dolphins. Franciscanas captured greater cephalopods than the Guiana dolphins in both total length (z= -3.38; n= 40; p< 0.05) and biomass (z = -2.46; n = 40; p<0.05). All of the prey species identified occur inside the estuary, which represents a safe habitat against predators and food availability, reinforcing the importance of the Babitonga Bay for these cetacean populations.

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