Application of chemical and biological agents for the management of frosty pod rot (Moniliophthora roreri) in Costa Rican cocoa (Theobroma cacao)

2005 ◽  
Vol 147 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.P. Bateman ◽  
E. Hidalgo ◽  
J. Garcia ◽  
C. Arroyo ◽  
G.M. ten Hoopen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Biological Agents ◽  
Costa Rican ◽  
Moniliophthora Roreri ◽  
Frosty Pod Rot

Improving the formulation and timing of application of endophytic biocontrol and chemical agents against frosty pod rot (Moniliophthora roreri) in cocoa (Theobroma cacao)

2010 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 230-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrike Krauss ◽  
Eduardo Hidalgo ◽  
Roy Bateman ◽  
Valex Adonijah ◽  
Claudio Arroyo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Chemical Agents ◽  
Moniliophthora Roreri ◽  
Frosty Pod Rot

scholarly journals Degree of domestication influences susceptibility of Theobroma cacao to frosty pod rot: a severe disease devastating Mexican cacao

2018 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
pp. 84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor J. Albores-Flores ◽  
Graciela García-Guzmán ◽  
Francisco J. Espinosa-García ◽  
Miguel Salvador-Figueroa
Keyword(s):  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Immature Stage ◽  
Lignin Phenols ◽  
Fruit Setting ◽  
The One ◽  
Cacao Plantation ◽  
Moniliophthora Roreri ◽  
Frosty Pod Rot

<p><strong>Background</strong><strong>:</strong> The three<em>-main</em> cacao (<em>Theobroma cacao</em>) varieties cultivated in México are: Criollo, Forastero, and Trinitario. Each variety has a different fruit setting time and has been subjected to several selection stages. The aim of this study was to determine the susceptibility of the three cacao varieties to Frosty pod rot caused by <em>Moniliophthora roreri</em>. We also analyzed the physicochemical properties of the pericarp of the three varieties and its domestication age.</p><p><strong>Question</strong><strong>:</strong> Is there a relationship between the degree of domestication of the cacao variety and its susceptibility to Frosty pod rot?</p><p><strong>Studied species</strong><strong>:</strong> <em>Theobroma cacao</em> fruits.</p><p><strong>Study site</strong><strong>:</strong> A cacao plantation in Chiapas, Mexico.</p><p><strong>Methods</strong>:  The content of moisture, lignin, phenols, peroxidase activity and hardness of the pericarp were analyzed in the middle zone of healthy fruits at 4, 8 and 12 weeks of development. Number of healthy and infected fruits were recorded every week.</p><p><strong>Results</strong><strong>:</strong> The highest susceptibility to Frosty pod rot was found in the immature stage of fruits from the Criollo variety. The disease was mostly found in the mid-zone of the fruit. The <em>Criollo</em> variety was the most susceptible. This variety showed the highest moisture values and the lowest values of the other measured parameters.</p><p><strong>Conclusions</strong><strong>:</strong> The finest cacao is obtained from the Criollo variety, the one with the highest degree of domestication, and also the most susceptible to frosty pod rot. We suggest using material from wild Criollo populations and from the Forastero and Trinitario varieties in future breeding and selection programs.</p>

scholarly journals SNP markers associated with resistance to frosty pod and black pod rot diseases in an F1 population of Theobroma cacao L.

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Osman A. Gutiérrez ◽  
Alina S. Puig ◽  
Wilbert Phillips-Mora ◽  
Bryan A. Bailey ◽  
Shahin S. Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Mapping Population ◽  
Snp Markers ◽  
Chromosome 2 ◽  
Linkage Groups ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Black Pod ◽  
Moniliophthora Roreri ◽  
Frosty Pod Rot ◽  
Theobroma Cacao L

AbstractEconomically, cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) is a major tropical commodity for the Americas; however, severe losses due to Moniliophthora roreri (Cif. and Par.), which causes frosty pod rot (FPR), and Phytophthora spp., which causes black pod rot (BPR), have reduced cacao production in the Americas. The objectives of this study are to (i) re-confirm the QTL using different marker set; (ii) discover new QTL associated with FPR and BPR resistance using SNP markers; and (iii) find genes in the candidate QTL regions. At CATIE in Turrialba, Costa Rica, an F1 mapping population of cacao was obtained by crossing “POUND 7,” a clone moderately susceptible to FPR and resistant to BPR, with “UF 273,” resistant to FPR and highly susceptible to BPR. A total of 179 F1 progeny were fingerprinted with 5149 SNP markers and a dense linkage map composed of 10 linkage groups was developed using 2910 polymorphic SNP markers. Also segregating F1 trees were screened for resistance to FPR and BPR diseases. Seven QTL previously reported on chromosomes 2, 7, and 8 for FPR resistance and on chromosomes 4, 8, and 10 for BPR resistance were confirmed. Additionally, eight QTL were identified for FPR resistance (chromosomes 4, 9, and 10) and BPR resistance (chromosome 2). The expression of genes commonly associated with plant defense and disease resistance that are located within the identified QTL was confirmed.

Moniliophthora roreri (frosty pod rot).

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrike Krauss
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
South America ◽  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Secondary Effects ◽  
Crop Failure ◽  
Environmentally Sustainable ◽  
Cocoa Production ◽  
Forested Landscapes ◽  
Moniliophthora Roreri ◽  
Frosty Pod Rot

Abstract The invasive basidiomycete pathogen M. roreri originated in Western Colombia/Ecuador. In recent years it has expanded its range in South America (Peru, Venezuela and Bolivia) and throughout Mesoamerica as far as Mexico. Africa, Asia and insular Caribbean are still free of this pathogen. M. roreri causes the devastating frosty pod rot of cocoa (Theobroma cacao), a disease that commonly reduces yields by over 80% within a few years of pathogen establishment. The severe losses, and occassionally complete crop failure, frequently render cocoa production economically unfeasible. The results are loss of livelihoods and abandonment and conversion of the affected agroforests to less environmentally sustainable uses, with secondary effects ranging from habitat loss for wildlife, fragmentation of forested landscapes and soil erosion. It is therefore imperative that the introduction of the pathogen to additional cocoa-producing regions is prevented. These include the insular Caribbean, the Guyanas and Brazil in the Americas, as well as the bulk-cocoa producing continents, Africa and Asia (Krauss, 2010).

The effect of cane molasses amendment on biocontrol of frosty pod rot (Moniliophthora roreri) and black pod (Phytophthora spp.) of cocoa (Theobroma cacao) in Panama

2006 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 232-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrike Krauss ◽  
G. Martijn ten Hoopen ◽  
Eduardo Hidalgo ◽  
Adolfo Martínez ◽  
Tim Stirrup ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Cane Molasses ◽  
Phytophthora Spp ◽  
Black Pod ◽  
Moniliophthora Roreri ◽  
Frosty Pod Rot

Estimation of genetic parameters associated with frosty pod rot (Moniliophthora roreri) and cacao production in Mexico

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
José Luis Solís Bonilla ◽  
Uilson Vanderlei Lopes ◽  
Alfredo Zamarripa Colmenero ◽  
Biaani Beeu Martínez Valencia ◽  
Carlos Hugo Avendaño Arrazate ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Moniliophthora Roreri ◽  
Frosty Pod Rot ◽  
Estimation Of Genetic Parameters

Moniliophthora roreri. [Distribution map].

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
South America ◽  
Central America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Mitosporic Fungi ◽  
Moniliophthora Roreri ◽  
New Distribution

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Moniliophthora roreri H.C. Evans, Stalpers, Samson & Benny Fungi: Mitosporic fungi: Hyphomycetes Hosts: Cocca (Theobroma cacao). Information is given on the geographical distribution in CENTRAL AMERICA & CARIBBEAN, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Nicaragua, Panama, SOUTH AMERICA, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela.

EFECTO ANTIFÚNGICO in vitro DE EXTRACTOS METANÓLICOS DE Capsicum spp. EN Moniliophthora roreri

Agrociencia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 813-824
Author(s):  
Dario De la Cruz-Ricardez ◽  
Carlos F. Ortiz-García ◽  
Luz del C. Lagunes-Espinoza ◽  
Magdiel Torres-de la Cruz
Keyword(s):  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Capsicum Spp ◽  
Moniliophthora Roreri ◽  
Theobroma Cacao L

Uno de los principales problemas fitosanitarios en la producción de cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) en Latinoamérica y en México es la moniliasis, causada por Moniliophthora roreri. Este fitopatógeno causa más del 75% de pérdidas en la producción anual. Los metabolitos secundarios del género Capsicum tienen efectos antifúngicos, por lo que se pueden usar para el control de M. roreri. El objetivo de este experimento fue evaluar el efecto in vitro de extractos metanólicos (EM) de tres especies de Capsicum sobre M. roreri. Los EM extraídos de frutos inmaduros de C. chinense, C. frutescens, y dos morfotipos de C. annuum var. glabriusculum se probaron a dos concentraciones: 1000 y 2500 mg L-1, y se evaluaron en la inhibición del crecimiento micelial, la esporulación y la viabilidad de conidios producidos de M. roreri. Ambas dosis (tratamientos) se establecieron bajo un diseño experimental completamente al azar con cinco repeticiones; cada caja de Petri fue una unidad experimental, los datos se analizaron con ANDEVA y las medias se compararon con la prueba de Tukey (p≤0.05). Moniliophthora roreri fue sensible a los EM de las tres especies. Los EM de C. annuum var. glabriusculum en sus morfotipos amashito (AM) y garbanzo (GA) a 2500 mg L-1 inhibieron el crecimiento micelial hasta en 95%. Los EM de C. annuum var. glabriusculum AM y GA a 2500 mg L-1 inhibieron totalmente la producción de conidios en ambas concentraciones. Los EM de C. chinense y C. annuum var. glabriusculum GA inhibieron hasta 35% la viabilidad de conidios de M. roreri. La sensibilidad in vitro de M. roreri a EM de C. annuum var. glabriusculum AM y GA permite sugerir el efecto de los extractos en el campo de cultivo.

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