THE EFFECT OF IONIZING RADIATIONS ON MOUSE EMBRYONIC LUNGS DEVELOPING IN VITRO

2006 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 866-872 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elio Borghese
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiations ◽  
Embryonic Lungs

The Response of Human Chromosomes to Ionizing Radiations: in vitro Studies

1968 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. J. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Exposure ◽  
In Vitro Studies ◽  
Human Chromosomes ◽  
Chromosome Type ◽  
Ionizing Radiations

The experiments to be discussed here all involve the irradiation of cells in early interphase and the observation of these cells, or rather their chromosomes, at the first mitosis following radiation exposure. The irradiation of such G1 cells results in the formation of chromosome-type aberrations that are a consequence of breaks or exchanges involving the whole chromosome, both chromatids being affected in exactly the same way and at identical loci. These chromosome-type aberrations are of various kinds and a large proportion of them are very easy to detect cytologically. The four main types that are normally studied by cytologists, since they can be easily and objectively scored, are the terminal and interstitial deletions and the dicentric and ring aberrations (see text-fig. 1).

scholarly journals Nanoparticles generated by laser in liquids as contrast medium and radiotherapy intensifiers

2018 ◽  
Vol 167 ◽  
pp. 04007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Restuccia ◽  
Lorenzo Torrisi
Keyword(s):  
Laser Ablation ◽  
Contrast Medium ◽  
Metallic Nanoparticles ◽  
Diameter Distribution ◽  
Electronic Microscopy ◽  
Tissue Equivalent ◽  
Nanoparticles Characterization ◽  
Ionizing Radiations

The synthesis of Au and Ag nanoparticles (NP) though laser ablation in liquids as a function the laser parameters is presented. Spherical NPs with diameter distribution within 1 and 100 nm were prepared by laser ablation in water. The nanoparticles characterization was performed using optical spectroscopy and electronic microscopy (SEM and TEM) measurements. Studies of the possible use of metallic nanoparticles as intensifier of diagnostics imaging contrast medium and absorbing dose from ionizing radiations in traditional radiotherapy and protontherapy are presented. Examples of in vitro (in tissue equivalent materials) and in vivo (in mice), were conducted thank to simulation programs permitting to evaluate the enhancement of efficiency in imaging and therapy as a function of the NPs concentrations and irradiation conditions.

scholarly journals Effects of Electromagnetic Waves with LTE and 5G Bandwidth on the Skin Pigmentation In Vitro

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 170
Author(s):  
Kyuri Kim ◽  
Young Seung Lee ◽  
Nam Kim ◽  
Hyung-Do Choi ◽  
Dong-Jun Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Skin Pigmentation ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
The Body ◽  
Communication Devices ◽  
Keratinocyte Cell ◽  
Smartphone Use ◽  
Ionizing Radiations

With the rapid growth of wireless communication devices, the influences of electromagnetic fields (EMF) on human health are gathering increasing attention. Since the skin is the largest organ of the body and is located at the outermost layer, it is considered a major target for the health effects of EMF. Skin pigmentation represents one of the most frequent symptoms caused by various non-ionizing radiations, including ultraviolet radiation, blue light, infrared, and extremely low frequency (ELF). Here, we investigated the effects of EMFs with long-term evolution (LTE, 1.762 GHz) and 5G (28 GHz) bandwidth on skin pigmentation in vitro. Murine and Human melanoma cells (B16F10 and MNT-1) were exposed to either LTE or 5G for 4 h per day, which is considered the upper bound of average smartphone use time. It was shown that neither LTE nor 5G exposure induced significant effects on cell viability or pigmentation. The dendrites of MNT-1 were neither lengthened nor regressed after EMF exposure. Skin pigmentation effects of EMFs were further examined in the human keratinocyte cell line (MNT-1-HaCaT) co-culture system, which confirmed the absence of significant hyper-pigmentation effects of LTE and 5G EMFs. Lastly, MelanoDerm™, a 3D pigmented human epidermis model, was irradiated with LTE (1.762 GHz) or 5G (28 GHz), and image analysis and special staining were performed. No changes in the brightness of MelanoDerm™ tissues were observed in LTE- or 5G-exposed tissues, except for only minimal changes in the size of melanocytes. Collectively, these results imply that exposure to LTE and 5G EMFs may not affect melanin synthesis or skin pigmentation under normal smartphone use condition.

scholarly journals Ionizing Radiations Induce Apoptosis in TRAIL Resistant Cancer Cells: in vivo and in vitro Analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 1905-1907 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcela Fernandes Silva ◽  
Abdur Rehman Khokhar ◽  
Muhammad Zahid Qureshi ◽  
Ammad Ahmad Farooqi
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Vitro Analysis ◽  
Ionizing Radiations ◽  
In Vitro Analysis

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF X-RADIATION ON THE GLUTATHIONE METABOLISM OF INTACT ERYTHROCYTES IN VITRO

1958 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 725-736 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. J. Klebanoff
Keyword(s):  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Physiological Saline ◽  
Glutathione Metabolism ◽  
Erythrocyte Suspension ◽  
Glyoxalase System ◽  
X Irradiation ◽  
Ionizing Radiations ◽  
Plasma Adenosine

The x-irradiation of intact washed erythrocytes results in an inhibition of the glyoxalase activity of the cells chiefly as a result of a decrease in the reduced glutathione level. The percentage inhibition is markedly increased by an increase in the dilution of the cells in physiological saline suggesting that the effect of radiation is indirect, via the production in the aqueous medium of free radicals, H2O2, etc. This is supported by the decrease in the inhibition produced by lowering the oxygen tension or by the addition of catalase. The inhibition of glyoxalase activity is also decreased by the addition of methylglyoxal, plasma, adenosine, inosine, glucose, and a number of other sugars to the erythrocyte suspension prior to radiation. Furthermore, some reactivation of the glyoxalase system results from the addition of plasma, glucose, adenosine, and inosine following radiation. These results are discussed in relation to the role of SH compounds, particularly glutathione, in the toxicity of ionizing radiations.

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