Enhanced production of violacein by Chromobacterium violaceum using agro‐industrial waste soybean meal

The present study describes the screening of different agroindustrial byproducts for enhanced production of alkaline protease by a wild and EMS induced mutant strain ofBacillus subtilisIH-72EMS8. During submerged fermentation, different agro-industrial byproducts were tested which include defatted seed meals of rape, guar, sunflower, gluten, cotton, soybean, and gram. In addition to these meals, rice bran, wheat bran, and wheat flour were also evaluated for protease production. Of all the byproducts tested, soybean meal at a concentration of 20 g/L gave maximum production of the enzyme, that is, 5.74 ± 0.26 U/mL from wild and 11.28 ± 0.45 U/mL from mutant strain, during submerged fermentation. Different mesh sizes (coarse, medium, and fine) of the soybean meal were also evaluated, and a finely ground soybean meal (fine mesh) was found to be the best. In addition to the defatted seed meals, their alkali extracts were also tested for the production of alkaline protease byBacillus subtilis, but these were proved nonsignificant for enhanced production of the enzyme. The production of the enzyme was also studied in solid state fermentation, and different agro-industrial byproducts were also evaluated for enzyme production. Wheat bran partially replaced with guar meal was found as the best substrate for maximum enzyme production under solid state fermentation conditions.

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Enhanced production of raw starch degrading enzyme using agro-industrial waste mixtures by thermotolerant Rhizopus microsporus for raw cassava chip saccharification in ethanol production

Preparative Biochemistry & Biotechnology ◽

10.1080/10826068.2017.1342264 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 47 (8) ◽

pp. 813-823 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Srisakul Trakarnpaiboon ◽

Nantana Srisuk ◽

Kuakoon Piyachomkwan ◽

Kenji Sakai ◽

Vichien Kitpreechavanich

Keyword(s):

Ethanol Production ◽

Industrial Waste ◽

Rhizopus Microsporus ◽

Raw Starch ◽

Degrading Enzyme ◽

Enhanced Production

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Strategies of feeding supplemental soybean meal to primiparous dairy cows

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas96-014 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 76 (1) ◽

pp. 105-112 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

P. H. Robinson

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cows ◽

Soybean Meal ◽

Management Strategy ◽

Microbial Growth ◽

Early Lactation ◽

Stage Of Lactation ◽

Protein Status ◽

Enhanced Production ◽

Intestinal Protein ◽

Protein Supply

Primiparous dairy cows were utilized in two experiments to evaluate the productive benefits of modifying the strategy of within-day feeding of soybean meal (SBM) as a supplement to a basal mixed ration fed twice daily. The design of the two experiments was the same, although one was completed with early-lactation cows and the other with late-lactation cows. The evaluation of protein status of all treatments, after the experiments were complete, indicated that cows were limited by supplies of digestible undegraded intake protein (DUIP) on all treatments of both experiments. However, benefits of feeding 800 g d−1 of supplemental SBM versus none were primarily restricted to enhanced production of milk protein, and it is suggested that this was primarily the result of the contribution of DUIP from SBM to intestinal protein supply. Feeding SBM in two versus four daily meals either 1 or 1 and 5 h, respectively, after offer of the mixed ration had no influence on animal performance at either stage of lactation. However, feeding SBM in two daily meals 1 h prior to the mixed ration versus in two daily meals 1 h after offer of the mixed ration enhanced milk, milk energy, and milk lactose output in late lactation, but not in early lactation. These apparently inconsistent production responses between stages of lactation are consistent with a hypothesis that microbial growth is progressively restricted as supplies of degraded intake protein (DIP), relative to requirements, decline. Under these conditions, which applied to the late-lactation cows, feeding DIP at times of the day when rumen-soluble N levels would be lowest (i.e., pre-feeding) would be beneficial for stimulating microbial growth prior to ingestion of the mixed ration. Key words: Management, strategy, sequence, dairy cattle

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Enhanced production of xylanase by a newly isolated Aspergillus terreus under solid state fermentation using palm industrial waste: A statistical optimization

Biochemical Engineering Journal ◽

10.1016/j.bej.2009.08.005 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 48 (1) ◽

pp. 51-57 ◽

Cited By ~ 58

Author(s):

Garapati Suvarna Lakshmi ◽

Chaganti Subba Rao ◽

Ravella Sreenivas Rao ◽

Phil J. Hobbs ◽

Reddy Shetty Prakasham

Keyword(s):

Solid State ◽

Solid State Fermentation ◽

Industrial Waste ◽

Aspergillus Terreus ◽

Statistical Optimization ◽

Enhanced Production

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Biovalorization of agro-industrial waste soybean meal for the production of prodigiosin by Serratia marcescens

Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery ◽

10.1007/s13399-021-02102-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Nisarg Gohil ◽

Gargi Bhattacharjee ◽

Ravi Kalariya ◽

Vikrant Pandya ◽

Khushal Khambhati ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Serratia Marcescens ◽

Soybean Meal ◽

Industrial Waste

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Activation of cytochrome c to a peroxidase compound I-type intermediate by H2O2: relevance to redox signalling in apoptosis

Biochemical Society Symposium ◽

10.1042/bss0710097 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 71 ◽

pp. 97-106 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Mark Burkitt ◽

Clare Jones ◽

Andrew Lawrence ◽

Peter Wardman

Keyword(s):

Cytochrome C ◽

Hydroxyl Radical ◽

Redox Regulation ◽

Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽

Tyrosyl Radical ◽

Compound I ◽

Definitive Evidence ◽

Enhanced Production ◽

Physico Chemical

The release of cytochrome c from mitochondria during apoptosis results in the enhanced production of superoxide radicals, which are converted to H2O2 by Mn-superoxide dismutase. We have been concerned with the role of cytochrome c/H2O2 in the induction of oxidative stress during apoptosis. Our initial studies showed that cytochrome c is a potent catalyst of 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescin oxidation, thereby explaining the increased rate of production of the fluorophore 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescein in apoptotic cells. Although it has been speculated that the oxidizing species may be a ferryl-haem intermediate, no definitive evidence for the formation of such a species has been reported. Alternatively, it is possible that the hydroxyl radical may be generated, as seen in the reaction of certain iron chelates with H2O2. By examining the effects of radical scavengers on 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescin oxidation by cytochrome c/H2O2, together with complementary EPR studies, we have demonstrated that the hydroxyl radical is not generated. Our findings point, instead, to the formation of a peroxidase compound I species, with one oxidizing equivalent present as an oxo-ferryl haem intermediate and the other as the tyrosyl radical identified by Barr and colleagues [Barr, Gunther, Deterding, Tomer and Mason (1996) J. Biol. Chem. 271, 15498-15503]. Studies with spin traps indicated that the oxo-ferryl haem is the active oxidant. These findings provide a physico-chemical basis for the redox changes that occur during apoptosis. Excessive changes (possibly catalysed by cytochrome c) may have implications for the redox regulation of cell death, including the sensitivity of tumour cells to chemotherapeutic agents.

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