Decision letter for "Adjunct Questions With Hints Toward Graphics Support Learning With Multiple Representations: Evidence From an Online Experiment"

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Representations ◽  
Online Experiment ◽  
Adjunct Questions

Combining Defaults and Transparency Information to Increase Policy Compliance

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 354-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yavor Paunov ◽  
Michaela Wänke ◽  
Tobias Vogel
Keyword(s):  
Independent Effect ◽  
Online Experiment ◽  
Policy Compliance ◽  
Empirical Question ◽  
Theoretical Predictions

Abstract. Combining the strengths of defaults and transparency information is a potentially powerful way to induce policy compliance. Despite negative theoretical predictions, a recent line of research revealed that default nudges may become more effective if people are informed why they should exhibit the targeted behavior. Yet, it is an open empirical question whether the increase in compliance came from setting a default and consequently disclosing it, or the provided information was sufficient to deliver the effect on its own. Results from an online experiment indicate that both defaulting and transparency information exert a statistically independent effect on compliance, with highest compliance rates observed in the combined condition. Practical and theoretical implications are discussed.

Effects of Light-Hearted and Serious Entertainment on Enjoyment of the First and Third Person

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Hofer
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Media Consumption ◽  
First Person ◽  
Online Experiment ◽  
Entertainment Media ◽  
Third Person Effect ◽  
The Third ◽  
Third Person ◽  
Perceived Enjoyment ◽  
The Third Person

Abstract. This was a study on the perceived enjoyment of different movie genres. In an online experiment, 176 students were randomly divided into two groups (n = 88) and asked to estimate how much they, their closest friends, and young people in general enjoyed either serious or light-hearted movies. These self–other differences in perceived enjoyment of serious or light-hearted movies were also assessed as a function of differing individual motivations underlying entertainment media consumption. The results showed a clear third-person effect for light-hearted movies and a first-person effect for serious movies. The third-person effect for light-hearted movies was moderated by level of hedonic motivation, as participants with high hedonic motivations did not perceive their own and others’ enjoyment of light-hearted films differently. However, eudaimonic motivations did not moderate first-person perceptions in the case of serious films.

THE IMPLEMENTATION OF PROBLEM BASED LEARNING WITH MULTIPLE REPRESENTATIONS IN WORK AND ENERGY

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
Fitria Arifiyanti
Keyword(s):  
Effect Size ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Test Validity ◽  
Multiple Representations ◽  
Problem Based Learning ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Percentage Increase ◽  
Implementation Problem ◽  
Essay Test ◽  
Reduction Percentage

The purpose of this research was to find out the effectiveness of the implementation of problem based learning model with multiple representations to reduce the percentage of students’ difficulty in XIth Science SMAN 1 Pontianak. The research design was one group pretest-posttest design, and the instrument used was an essay test. Test reliskill (0, 5) was classified as medium, and test validity (3,56) was classified as a medium. The effect size of this research (2,18) was classified high, but the reduction percentage of the student’s difficulty (41,33%) was classified as a medium. The percentage increase in the students’ skill in multiple representations (52,38%) was classified as a medium. The research doesn’t find a significant correlation between the posttest result of students’ difficulty and the posttest result of studentS’ skill in multiple representations (C = 0,935, p = 0.348). The research result was expected to the development of the implementation problem based learning model with multiple representations approach.Keywords: Implementation, Multiple representations, Problem Based Learning

Conflicting Health-Related Scientific Evidence in News Reports: Effects of Hedging and Presentation Format on Perceived Issue Uncertainty and Scientists’ and Journalists’ Credibility

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Health Communication ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
The Other ◽  
Presentation Format ◽  
News Article ◽  
Online Experiment ◽  
News Reports ◽  
Conflicting Evidence ◽  
Health Related

Introduction: This study examined effects of two journalistic practices in reporting conflicting scientific evidence, hedging and presentation format, on scientists’ and journalists’ credibility and issue uncertainty. Methods: An online experiment was conducted using students from a western U.S. university. Hedging was manipulated as reporting methodological limitations versus not reporting the limitations in news articles covering the conflict. Presentation format was manipulated as using a single news article to report both sides of the conflict versus using double articles with one side of the conflict in one article and the other side in the other article. Results: The study found that perceived issue uncertainty was higher in hedged news articles than that in non-hedged articles; presentation format did not affect people’s perceived issue uncertainty. For scientists’ credibility (both competence and trustworthiness), this study found that it was lower in the single-article format than that in the double-article format; for journalists’ credibility, this study found that journalists’ trustworthiness in the two formats did not vary, but their competence was lower in the double-article format than that in the single-article format. Conclusion: This study contributes to the field of science and health communication by examining effects of presentation format used in communicating conflicting health-related scientific evidence and by examining effects of communicating scientific limitations in a context where conflicting evidence exists. Keywords: conflicting scientific evidence, hedging, presentation format, scientists’ credibility, journalists’ credibility

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