scholarly journals Limits of Law in the Multilevel System: Explaining the European Commission's Toleration of Noncompliance Concerning Pharmaceutical Parallel Trade*

Author(s):  
Yaning Zhang

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 (4) ◽  
pp. 86-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.V. Myslovych ◽  
◽  
R.M. Sysak ◽  
L.B. Ostapchuk ◽  
Yu.I. Gyzhko ◽  
...  




Author(s):  
Viktor Danilin ◽  
Yuri Baykovsky

Currently, there are about 200 ski resorts in Russia from Smolensk to Chukotka, which are located both in the low mountains (GC "Tyagacheva", "Sarochany", etc.), and in the middle mountains ("Abzakovo", "Bannoe Lake", etc. ) and highlands (regions of the Elbrus region, Dombay, Krasnaya Polyana, etc.). More than six million Russians go downhill skiing and snowboarding every year. Over the years, the quality of sports equipment and track equipment has changed significantly, which has led to an increase in speeds, an increase in injuries and a change in teaching methods. Currently, a large number of people die and are seriously injured at ski resorts every year due to the low quality of training in safe skiing, lack of control over the work of instructors, and the irresponsible attitude of the holders of ski resorts to the safety of providing services on the ski slopes.



2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Atã ◽  
Joao Queiroz

Abstract Poems are treated by translators as hierarchical multilevel systems. Here we propose the notion of “multilevel poetry translation” to characterize such cases of poetry translation in terms of selection and rebuilding of a multilevel system of constraints across languages. Different levels of a poem correspond to different sets of components that asymmetrically constrain each other (e. g., grammar, lexicon, syntactic construction, prosody, rhythm, typography, etc.). This perspective allows a poem to be approached as a thinking-tool: an “experimental lab” which submits language to unusual conditions and provides a scenario to observe the emergence of new patterns of semiotic behaviour as a result. We describe this operation as a problem-solving task, and exemplify with Augusto de Campos’ Portuguese translation of John Donne’s poem “The Expiration.”



2014 ◽  
Vol 577 ◽  
pp. 112-115
Author(s):  
Xiao Qin Shu ◽  
Chi Deng ◽  
Ye Kuang ◽  
Jian Hui Yang ◽  
Yi Ding Liu

During the STIRAP process, the intermediate levels will have notable population which is detrimental if these levels could decay to other levels through spontaneous emission. Here, we propose a novel method which could reduce the intermediate level population during the STIRAP process. A complete population transfer could be achieved in this modified STIRAP even if the intermediate level could decay to other levels.



2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
James D. Hommersen ◽  
Patryk M. Quinn ◽  
Beth Parker
Keyword(s):  


2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (5&6) ◽  
pp. 420-433
Author(s):  
Fei Yang ◽  
Shuang Cong

Coherence preservation of a multilevel system subject to Markovian decoherence is studied. A Lambda-type three-level atom is selected as the system model. Coherence preservation between a ground state and the excited state of such a system is defined as the control object. A control field is designed by means of constraining the constant coherence condition. For the singularities of the control field, we qualitatively analyze the breakdown time, i.e. the time of control diverging. We obtain the region in which the state stays to maintain coherence forever in the case that the three-level system is reduced to a two-level one. For other cases, we investigate how different parameters affect the breakdown time qualitatively. Numerical experiments are implemented on a three-level quantum system and the experimental results are analyzed.



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