scholarly journals Nerve biopsy in acquired neuropathies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Sommer ◽  
Antonia S Carroll ◽  
Haruki Koike ◽  
Masahisa Katsuno ◽  
Nora Ort ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Biopsy

Clinical And Neuropathological Parameters Affecting The Diagnostic Yield Of Nerve Biopsy

2000 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-123
Author(s):  
M. Deprez ◽  
C. Ceuterick-de Groote ◽  
L. Gollogly ◽  
M. Reznik ◽  
J.J. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Yield ◽  
Nerve Biopsy

Revision Targeted Muscle Reinnervation Improves Secondary Pain Insult in an Upper Extremity Amputee: A Case Report

Hand ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 155894472199246
Author(s):  
David D. Rivedal ◽  
Meng Guo ◽  
James Sanger ◽  
Aaron Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Neuropathic Pain ◽  
Peripheral Nerves ◽  
Nerve Biopsy ◽  
Sensory Cortex ◽  
Denervated Muscle ◽  
Unique Case ◽  
Targeted Muscle Reinnervation ◽  
Muscle Reinnervation ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Brain

Targeted muscle reinnervation (TMR) has been shown to improve phantom and neuropathic pain in both the acute and chronic amputee population. Through rerouting of major peripheral nerves into a newly denervated muscle, TMR harnesses the plasticity of the brain, helping to revert the sensory cortex back toward the preinsult state, effectively reducing pain. We highlight a unique case of an above-elbow amputee for sarcoma who was initially treated with successful transhumeral TMR. Following inadvertent nerve biopsy of a TMR coaptation site, his pain returned, and he was unable to don his prosthetic. Revision of his TMR to a more proximal level was performed, providing improved pain and function of the amputated arm. This is the first report to highlight the concept of secondary neuroplasticity and successful proximal TMR revision in the setting of multiple insults to the same extremity.

scholarly journals Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis Presenting with Myocarditis as an Initial Symptom: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

2021 ◽  
pp. 329-333
Author(s):  
Kanako Kurihara ◽  
Jun Tsugawa ◽  
Shinji Ouma ◽  
Toshiyasu Ogata ◽  
Mikiko Aoki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis ◽  
Nerve Biopsy ◽  
Pulse Therapy ◽  
Sural Nerve Biopsy ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Rapid Progression ◽  
Eosinophilic Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis ◽  
Initial Symptom ◽  
Steroid Pulse ◽  
Eosinophilic Granulomatosis

A 66-year-old woman with a history of bronchial asthma had shortness of breath and fatigue upon mild exercise. She was diagnosed as congestive heart failure. A blood test showed eosinophilia without the presence of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA), and a myocardial biopsy specimen revealed eosinophilic infiltration in the myocardium. Eosinophilia was improved when she was administered short-term methylprednisolone. After that, she had numbness and pain in her lower limbs with re-elevation of eosinophils. She had dysesthesia and hypalgesia in the distal part of the limbs. Sural nerve biopsy revealed axonal degeneration and thickness of the arterial wall, indicating a diagnosis of eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA). Two courses of steroid pulse therapy were performed, resulting in marked improvement of her sensory symptoms. ANCA-negative EGPA might be associated with myocarditis and peripheral neuropathy. A sufficient immunotherapy should have been considered to prevent rapid progression.

Detection of intact Borrelia garinii in a sural nerve biopsy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Schneider ◽  
Stephan Frank ◽  
Amrei Beuttler ◽  
Suzie Diener ◽  
Kirsten Mertz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sural Nerve ◽  
Nerve Biopsy ◽  
Sural Nerve Biopsy ◽  
Borrelia Garinii

scholarly journals The Ultrastructure of Tissue Damage by Amyloid Fibrils

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (15) ◽  
pp. 4611
Author(s):  
Haruki Koike ◽  
Masahisa Katsuno
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Damage ◽  
Amyloid Fibrils ◽  
Amyloid Fibril ◽  
Prion Diseases ◽  
Nerve Biopsy ◽  
Al Amyloidosis ◽  
Amyloid Fibril Formation ◽  
Autopsy Specimens ◽  
Fibril Aggregates ◽  
Interfering Rna

Amyloidosis is a group of diseases that includes Alzheimer’s disease, prion diseases, transthyretin (ATTR) amyloidosis, and immunoglobulin light chain (AL) amyloidosis. The mechanism of organ dysfunction resulting from amyloidosis has been a topic of debate. This review focuses on the ultrastructure of tissue damage resulting from amyloid deposition and therapeutic insights based on the pathophysiology of amyloidosis. Studies of nerve biopsy or cardiac autopsy specimens from patients with ATTR and AL amyloidoses show atrophy of cells near amyloid fibril aggregates. In addition to the stress or toxicity attributable to amyloid fibrils themselves, the toxicity of non-fibrillar states of amyloidogenic proteins, particularly oligomers, may also participate in the mechanisms of tissue damage. The obscuration of the basement and cytoplasmic membranes of cells near amyloid fibrils attributable to an affinity of components constituting these membranes to those of amyloid fibrils may also play an important role in tissue damage. Possible major therapeutic strategies based on pathophysiology of amyloidosis consist of the following: 1) reducing or preventing the production of causative proteins; 2) preventing the causative proteins from participating in the process of amyloid fibril formation; and/or 3) eliminating already-deposited amyloid fibrils. As the development of novel disease-modifying therapies such as short interfering RNA, antisense oligonucleotide, and monoclonal antibodies is remarkable, early diagnosis and appropriate selection of treatment is becoming more and more important for patients with amyloidosis.

Hereditary polyneuropathy in the Alaskan Malamute

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (01) ◽  
pp. 26-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Bilzer ◽  
S. Petri ◽  
G. Schanen ◽  
M. Fehr ◽  
O. Distl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Segregation Analysis ◽  
Nerve Conduction Velocity ◽  
Axonal Degeneration ◽  
Phenotypic Expression ◽  
Disease Status ◽  
Nerve Biopsy ◽  
Hereditary Disease ◽  
Genetic Transmission ◽  
Clinically Normal ◽  
Background Material

Summary Objective: To prove the hypothesis that a polyneuropathy in Alaskan Malamutes has a genetic background. Material and methods: Pedigrees of 131 related Alaskan Malamutes were included in the current study. Neurological examination, electrodiagnosis as well as muscle and nerve biopsies could be performed in 10 dogs. Information about the disease status of the other 121 Alaskan Malamutes were supplied by referring veterinarians, breeders and owners. Segregation analysis using four different models (monogenic, polygenic, mixed monogenicpolygenic and the phenotypic model) was performed on 71 dogs to test the different mechanisms of genetic transmission. Results: In seven clinically affected dogs abnormal electromyographic findings and reduced nerve conduction velocity were detected. Suspected diagnosis of polyneuropathy was confirmed by nerve biopsy results, characterized by axonal degeneration and hypomyelination. Muscle specimens revealed signs of neurogenic myopathy. Three related clinically normal Alaskan Malamutes also displayed moderate neuromuscular changes in histopathology. In the segregation analysis the polygenic model proved as best suitable to explain the observed segregation pattern among all other models tested. Conclusion: The current study could demonstrate that polyneuropathy in Alaskan Malamutes is a hereditary disease with variable phenotypic expression ranging from severely affected to subclinical forms, which has to be considered in future gene analysis studies.

Sensory potentials and sural nerve biopsy: A Model evaluation

1987 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 246-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruurd Schoonhoven ◽  
Ronald L. L. A. Schellens ◽  
Dick F. Stegeman ◽  
Anneke A. W. M. Gabreëls-Festen
Keyword(s):  
Model Evaluation ◽  
Sural Nerve ◽  
Nerve Biopsy ◽  
Sural Nerve Biopsy

Optic Nerve Sheath Fenestration and Optic Nerve Biopsy

2019 ◽  
pp. 149-164
Author(s):  
Bhupendra C. K. Patel
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Nerve Biopsy ◽  
Optic Nerve Sheath ◽  
Optic Nerve Sheath Fenestration ◽  
Nerve Sheath
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