Apparent diffusion coefficient echoplanar imaging maps of the optic nerves in childhood idiopathic intracranial hypertension

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Turgut Seber ◽  
Nurettin Bayram ◽  
Ayşe Kaçar Bayram ◽  
Tuğba Uylar Seber
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Apparent Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Optic Nerves ◽  
Echoplanar Imaging ◽  
Apparent Diffusion

Diffusion-Weighted Imaging in Optic Neuritis

2013 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zareen Fatima ◽  
Utaroh Motosugi ◽  
Ali Muhi ◽  
Masaaki Hori ◽  
Keiichi Ishigame ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Apparent Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Diffusion Weighted Imaging ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Optic Nerves ◽  
Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Values ◽  
Apparent Diffusion

Purpose To evaluate imaging characteristics of optic nerves by using magnetic resonance imaging, especially diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) with apparent diffusion coefficient measurements in acute and chronic phases of optic neuritis (ON). Materials and Methods A retrospective study was conducted by using records of 14 patients with clinically suspected acute ON (15 nerves), 5 chronic ON (7 nerves), and 11 normal volunteers with no eye symptoms were used as controls. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed by a 1.5T scanner. Affected nerves were evaluated for sizes, signal characteristics on DWI and T2-weighted imaging (T2WI), contrast enhancement, and apparent diffusion coefficient values. Visually assessed characteristics were compared between the acute and chronic, whereas apparent diffusion coefficient values were assessed among acute ON, chronic ON, and the control groups by using the Fisher exact test and Mann-Whitney U test. Results There were significant differences in the diameter of the optic nerves, hyperintensity on DWI, and enhancement characteristics on post-enhanced images in acute and chronic phases of ON ( P = .0001, P < .0001, and P = .0022, respectively), apparent diffusion coefficient values of the optic nerves in acute ON, chronic ON, and control groups also differed significantly from each other. Conclusion In conclusion, DWI can add valuable information in assessment of damage to nerve and neuronal barriers and thus in predicting recovery in cases of ON.

Diffusion tensor imaging reveals microstructural differences between subtypes of trigeminal neuralgia

2020 ◽  
Vol 133 (2) ◽  
pp. 573-579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew S. Willsey ◽  
Kelly L. Collins ◽  
Erin C. Conrad ◽  
Heather A. Chubb ◽  
Parag G. Patil
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
Trigeminal Neuralgia ◽  
Apparent Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Radial Diffusivity ◽  
Apparent Diffusion

OBJECTIVETrigeminal neuralgia (TN) is an uncommon idiopathic facial pain syndrome. To assist in diagnosis, treatment, and research, TN is often classified as type 1 (TN1) when pain is primarily paroxysmal and episodic or type 2 (TN2) when pain is primarily constant in character. Recently, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) has revealed microstructural changes in the symptomatic trigeminal root and root entry zone of patients with unilateral TN. In this study, the authors explored the differences in DTI parameters between subcategories of TN, specifically TN1 and TN2, in the pontine segment of the trigeminal tract.METHODSThe authors enrolled 8 patients with unilateral TN1, 7 patients with unilateral TN2, and 23 asymptomatic controls. Patients underwent DTI with parameter measurements in a region of interest within the pontine segment of the trigeminal tract. DTI parameters were compared between groups.RESULTSIn the pontine segment, the radial diffusivity (p = 0.0049) and apparent diffusion coefficient (p = 0.023) values in TN1 patients were increased compared to the values in TN2 patients and controls. The DTI measures in TN2 were not statistically significant from those in controls. When comparing the symptomatic to asymptomatic sides in TN1 patients, radial diffusivity was increased (p = 0.025) and fractional anisotropy was decreased (p = 0.044) in the symptomatic sides. The apparent diffusion coefficient was increased, with a trend toward statistical significance (p = 0.066).CONCLUSIONSNoninvasive DTI analysis of patients with TN may lead to improved diagnosis of TN subtypes (e.g., TN1 and TN2) and improve patient selection for surgical intervention. DTI measurements may also provide insights into prognosis after intervention, as TN1 patients are known to have better surgical outcomes than TN2 patients.

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