scholarly journals Liver is widely eaten by preschool children in the Northern Cape province of South Africa: Implications for routine vitamin A supplementation

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha E. Stuijvenberg ◽  
Serina E. Schoeman ◽  
Jana Nel ◽  
Maretha Roux ◽  
Muhammad A. Dhansay
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Vitamin A Supplementation ◽  
Northern Cape

scholarly journals South African preschool children habitually consuming sheep liver and exposed to vitamin A supplementation and fortification have hypervitaminotic A liver stores: a cohort study

2019 ◽  
Vol 110 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha E van Stuijvenberg ◽  
Muhammad A Dhansay ◽  
Jana Nel ◽  
Devika Suri ◽  
Michael Grahn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Serum Retinol ◽  
Hypervitaminosis A ◽  
Total Liver ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Retinyl Esters

ABSTRACT Background In some regions, multiple vitamin A (VA) interventions occur in the same target groups, which may lead to excessive stores. Retinol isotope dilution (RID) is a more sensitive technique than serum retinol to measure VA status. Objective We evaluated VA status before and after a high-dose supplement in preschool children living in a region in South Africa with habitual liver consumption and exposed to VA supplementation and fortification. Methods After baseline blood samples, subjects (46.7 ± 8.4 mo; n = 94) were administered 1.0 μmol [14,15]-13C2-retinyl acetate to estimate total liver retinol reserves by RID with a follow-up 14-d blood sample. Liver intake was assessed with a frequency questionnaire. In line with current practice, a routine 200,000 IU VA capsule was administered after the RID test. RID was repeated 1 mo later. Serum retinyl esters were evaluated using ultra-performance liquid chromatography. Results At baseline, 63.6% of these children had hypervitaminosis A defined as total liver retinol reserves ≥1.0 μmol/g liver, which increased to 71.6% after supplementation (1.13 ± 0.43 to 1.29 ± 0.46 μmol/g; P < 0.001). Total serum VA as retinyl esters was elevated in 4.8% and 6.1% of children before and after supplementation. The odds of having hypervitaminosis A at baseline were higher in children consuming liver ≥1/mo (ratio 3.70 [95% CI: 1.08, 12.6]) and in children receiving 2 (4.28 [1.03, 17.9]) or 3 (6.45 [0.64, 65.41]) supplements in the past 12 mo. Total body stores decreased after the supplement in children in the highest quartile at baseline compared with children with lower stores, who showed an increase (P = 0.007). Conclusions In children, such as this cohort in South Africa, with adequate VA intake through diet, and overlapping VA fortification and supplementation, preschool VA capsule distribution should be re-evaluated. This trial was registered at https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02915731 as NCT02915731.

scholarly journals Uptake of routine vitamin A supplementation for children in Humbo district, southern Ethiopia: community-based cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Getnet Kassa ◽  
Addisalem Mesfin ◽  
Samson Gebremedhin
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Vitamin A Supplementation ◽  
Socio Economic Status

Abstract Background In low- and middle-income countries routine vitamin A supplementation (VAS) is a key strategy for reducing vitamin A deficiency and mortality and morbidity of preschool children. However, in Ethiopia, there is paucity of evidence regarding the level and determinants of the uptake of the supplement. This study was designed to assess the coverage and predictors of VAS among preschool children in Humbo district, Southern Ethiopia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in April 2016. A total of 840 mothers/caregivers having children 6–59 months of age were selected using multistage cluster sampling technique from six rural villages implementing routine VAS program. Data were collected using interviewer administered questionnaire. Possible predictors considered in the study include distance from the nearby health facility, household socio-economic status, type of the household (model vs non-model), maternal access to health education on VAS, and knowledge on vitamin A and VAS. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify predictors of uptake of VAS. The outputs are presented using adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with the respective 95% confidence interval (CI). Results The coverage of VAS was 75.0% (95% CI: 72.1–77.9). Better knowledge of mothers about the importance of the supplement (AOR: 1.49, 1.02–2.17), obtaining VAS related information from frontline community health workers (AOR: 1.51, 1.34–2.72) than health professionals and being from households in the “rich” wealth tertile (AOR: 1.80, 95% CI: 1.07–3.03) were positively associated with uptake VAS. Conclusion The VAS coverage of the area was approaching the expected national target of 80%. However, the uptake can be enhanced though awareness creation and improving socio-economic status of the community.

The National Vitamin A Supplementation Program and Subclinical Vitamin A Deficiency among Preschool Children in the Philippines

2004 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 319-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. A. Pedro ◽  
J. R. Madriaga ◽  
C. V. C. Barba ◽  
R. C. F. Habito ◽  
A. E. Gana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Vitamin A Supplementation ◽  
Subclinical Vitamin

scholarly journals Vitamin A Supplementation but Not Deworming Improves Growth of Malnourished Preschool Children in Eastern Zaire

1998 ◽  
Vol 128 (8) ◽  
pp. 1320-1327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippe Donnen ◽  
Daniel Brasseur ◽  
Michèle Dramaix ◽  
Francoise Vertongen ◽  
Mweze Zihindula ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Vitamin A Supplementation

scholarly journals Uptake of routine vitamin A supplementation for children in Humbo district, Southern Ethiopia: Community-based cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Getnet Kassa ◽  
Addisalem Mesfin ◽  
Samson Gebremedhin
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Vitamin A Supplementation ◽  
Socio Economic Status

Abstract Background: In low- and middle-income countries routine vitamin A supplementation (VAS) is a key strategy for reducing vitamin A deficiency and mortality and morbidity of preschool children. However, in Ethiopia, there is paucity of evidence regarding the level and determinants of the uptake of the supplement. This study was designed to assess the coverage and predictors of VAS among preschool children in Humbo district, Southern Ethiopia.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in April 2016. A total of 840 mothers/caregivers having children 6-59 months of age were selected using multistage cluster sampling technique from six rural villages implementing routine VAS program. Data were collected using interviewer administered questionnaire. Possible predictors considered in the study include distance from the nearby health facility, household socio-economic status, type of the household (model vs non-model), maternal access to health education on VAS, and knowledge on vitamin A and VAS. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify predictors of uptake of VAS. The outputs are presented using adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with the respective 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: The coverage of VAS was 75.0% (95% CI: 72.1-77.9). Better knowledge of mothers about the importance of the supplement (AOR: 1.49, 1.02-2.17), obtaining VAS related information from frontline community health workers (AOR: 1.51, 1.34-2.72) than health professionals and being from households in the “rich” wealth tertile (AOR: 1.80, 95% CI: 1.07-3.03) were positively associated with uptake VAS. Conclusion: The VAS coverage of the area was approaching the expected national target of 80%. However, the uptake can be enhanced though awareness creation and improving socio-economic status of the community.

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