scholarly journals Westward range expansion from middle latitudes explains the Mississippi River discontinuity in a forest herb of eastern North America

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (22) ◽  
pp. 4473-4486
Author(s):  
Carly J. Prior ◽  
Nathan C. Layman ◽  
Matthew H. Koski ◽  
Laura F. Galloway ◽  
Jeremiah W. Busch
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Mississippi River ◽  
Range Expansion ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Middle Latitudes ◽  
Forest Herb

scholarly journals Apheloria polychroma, a new species of millipede from the Cumberland Mountains (Polydesmida: Xystodesmidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4375 (3) ◽  
pp. 409
Author(s):  
PAUL E. MAREK ◽  
JACKSON C. MEANS ◽  
DEREK A. HENNEN
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
North America ◽  
Mississippi River ◽  
Appalachian Mountains ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Ouachita Mountains ◽  
Model Species ◽  
Color Morphs ◽  
Cumberland Mountains ◽  
A New Species

Millipedes of the genus Apheloria Chamberlin, 1921 occur in temperate broadleaf forests throughout eastern North America and west of the Mississippi River in the Ozark and Ouachita Mountains. Chemically defended with toxins made up of cyanide and benzaldehyde, the genus is part of a community of xystodesmid millipedes that compose several Müllerian mimicry rings in the Appalachian Mountains. We describe a model species of these mimicry rings, Apheloria polychroma n. sp., one of the most variable in coloration of all species of Diplopoda with more than six color morphs, each associated with a separate mimicry ring.

scholarly journals Twenty-year home-range dynamics of a white-tailed deer matriline

1999 ◽  
Vol 77 (7) ◽  
pp. 1128-1135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael E Nelson ◽  
L David Mech
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Home Range ◽  
Range Expansion ◽  
Seasonal Migration ◽  
Natal Dispersal ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Slow Process ◽  
Individual Record ◽  
Summer Range ◽  
Range Dynamics

We examined the seasonal migration and home-range dynamics of a multigeneration white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) matriline comprising six females from four generations spanning a 20-year period in northeastern Minnesota. All, from the matriarch to her great-granddaughter, migrated to the same summer and winter ranges, the longest individual record being 14.5 years. Three maternal females concurrently occupied exclusive fawning sites within their ancestral matriarch's summer range, while two nonmaternal females explored new areas and ranged near their mothers. One great-granddaughter expanded her summer range 1 km beyond the matriarch's summer range while essentially vacating half of her ancestors' range and becoming nonmigratory the last 4 years of her life. These data indicate that individual movements of matriline members can potentially expand their ranges beyond the areas occupied by their ancestors through a slow process of small incremental changes. This suggests that the rapid extension of deer range in eastern North America resulted from natal dispersal by yearling deer rather than from the type of home-range expansion reported here.

scholarly journals Carpophiline-ID: an interactive matrix-based key to the carpophiline sap beetles (Coleoptera, Nitidulidae) of Eastern North America

ZooKeys ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1028 ◽  
pp. 85-93
Author(s):  
Courtney L. DiLorenzo ◽  
Gareth S. Powell ◽  
Andrew R. Cline ◽  
Joseph V. McHugh
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Mississippi River ◽  
Adult Stage ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Sap Beetles ◽  
Technical Specifications ◽  
Ecological Importance

Carpophiline-ID is presented, a matrix-based LucidTM key, for the adult stage of the known species of Carpophilinae (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) of North America, east of the Mississippi River. An overview of the features and technical specifications used to build the key is provided. The list of terminal taxa used in the key represents the most current regional account for Carpophilinae, a beetle subfamily of agricultural and ecological importance. The value of matrix-based, free access keys for the identification of difficult taxa is discussed.

Tree range expansion in eastern North America fails to keep pace with climate warming at northern range limits

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 3292-3301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabian Sittaro ◽  
Alain Paquette ◽  
Christian Messier ◽  
Charles A. Nock
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Climate Warming ◽  
Range Expansion ◽  
Range Limits ◽  
Eastern North America

Range Expansion of the Brewer Blackbird in Eastern North America

The Condor ◽  
1961 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence H. Walkinshaw ◽  
Dale A. Zimmerman
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Range Expansion ◽  
Eastern North America

scholarly journals Revision of the metallic Lasioglossum (Dialictus) of eastern North America (Hymenoptera: Halictidae: Halictini)

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 3073 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
JASON GIBBS
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
North America ◽  
Mississippi River ◽  
Nest Building ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Social Parasites ◽  
Identification Keys ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Metallic Species ◽  
Subjective Synonym

Bees in the subgenus Lasioglossum (Dialictus) are commonly collected, behaviourally diverse and taxonomically challenging. The metallic species of Lasioglossum (Dialictus) occurring east of the Mississippi River are revised. Taxonomic treatments of all 97 species are provided with complete descriptions and illustrations given for the 40 species, which have not been recently described elsewhere. Identification keys for males and females are provided. The following eleven new species are described: Lasioglossum (Dialictus) arantium new species, L. (D.) ascheri new species, L. (D.) batya new species, L. (D.) curculum new species, L. (D.) furunculum new species, L. (D.) georgeickworti new species, L. (D.) gotham new species, L. (D.) izawsum new species, L. (D.) katherineae new species, L. (D.) rozeni new species, and L. (D.) trigeminum new species. Lasioglossum ascheri, L. curculum, L. furunculum, L. izawsum, and L. rozeni are believed to be social parasites or cleptoparasites of nest-building L. (Dialictus). Lasioglossum (D.) smilacinae (Robertson) is resurrected from synonymy with L. laevissimum (Smith). Lasioglossum (D.) nymphaearum (Robertson) is resurrected from synonymy with L. albipenne (Robertson).Lasioglossum rufulipes (Cockerell) and L. testaceum (Robertson) are removed from Evylaeus and placed in Dialictus. The following eleven new synonymies are proposed (junior subjective synonym listed second): L. (D.) flaveriae (Mitchell) = Dialictus tahitensis Mitchell; L. (D.) leucocomum (Lovell) = Dialictus otsegoensis Mitchell; L. (D.) lionotum (Sandhouse) = Paralictus asteris Mitchell; L. (D.) longifrons (Baker) = L. (Chloralictus) robertsonellum Michener; L. (D.) nigroviride (Graenicher) = Evylaeus pineolensis Mitchell; L. (D.) simplex (Robertson) = Halictus (Chloralictus) malinus Sandhouse; L. smilacinae (Robertson) = Halictus zophops Ellis, = D. philanthanus Mitchell; L. (D.) testaceum (Robertson) = Halictus (Chloralictus) scrophulariae Cockerell, = Lasioglossum (Chloralictus) sandhouseae Michener; and L. (D.) versans (Lovell) = Evylaeus divergenoides Mitchell. Lectotypes are designated for Halictus albipennis Robertson (1890), Halictus albitarsis Cresson (1872), Halictus cressonii Robertson (1890), Halictus disparilis Cresson (1872), Halictus hortensis Lovell (1905), Halictus nubilis Lovell (1905), Halictus pilosus leucocomus Lovell (1908), Halictus planatus Lovell (1905), Halictus stultus Cresson (1872), Halictus subconnexus rohweri Ellis (1915), Halictus tegularis Robertson (1890), Halictus versans Lovell (1905), and Halictus viridatus Lovell (1905).

scholarly journals Bison, anthropogenic fire, and the origins of agriculture in eastern North America

2020 ◽  
pp. 205301962096111
Author(s):  
Natalie G Mueller ◽  
Robert N Spengler ◽  
Ashley Glenn ◽  
Kunsang Lama
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Mississippi River ◽  
Plant Domestication ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Anthropogenic Fire ◽  
Human Interactions ◽  
Prairie Peninsula ◽  
Archeological Evidence ◽  
Tallgrass Prairies ◽  
First Time

Scholars have argued that plant domestication in eastern North America involved human interactions with floodplain weeds in woodlands that had few other early successional environments. Archeological evidence for plant domestication in this region occurs along the Mississippi river and major tributaries such as the Tennessee, Ohio, Illinois, Missouri, and Arkansas rivers. But this region is also known as the prairie peninsula: a prairie-woodland mosaic that was maintained by anthropogenic fire starting as early as 6000 BP. Contrary to conventional wisdom, recent research has shown that bison were also present in the prairie peninsula throughout the Holocene. Recent reintroductions of bison to tallgrass prairies have allowed ecologists to study the effects of their grazing on this ecosystem for the first time. Like rivers and humans, bison create early successional habitats for annual forbs and grasses, including the progenitors of eastern North American crops, within tallgrass prairies. Our fieldwork has shown that crop progenitors are conspicuous members of plant communities along bison trails and in wallows. We argue that ancient foragers encountered dense, easily harvestable stands of crop progenitors as they moved along bison trails, and that the ecosystems created by bison and anthropogenic fire served as a template for the later agroecosystem of this region. Without denying the importance of human-river interactions highlighted by previous researchers, we suggest that prairies have been ignored as possible loci for domestication, largely because the disturbed, biodiverse tallgrass prairies created by bison have only been recreated in the past three decades after a century of extinction.

Trilobite biogeography in the Middle Devonian: geological processes and analytical methods

Paleobiology ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce S. Lieberman ◽  
Niles Eldredge
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Range Expansion ◽  
Middle Devonian ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Sea Level Changes ◽  
Biogeographic Patterns ◽  
Geological Processes

Phylogenetic patterns of trilobite clades were used to deduce biogeographic patterns during the Middle Devonian, a time of active plate collision between North America (Laurentia) and other plates, coincident with several major episodes of sea-level rise and fall. The mapping of biogeographic states onto phylogenies for asteropyginid and proetid trilobites indicated that during their history these trilobite clades often shifted the areas they occupied, and also underwent vicariant differentiation, followed by range expansion, followed by subsequent vicariance. Biogeographic patterns in these individual phylogenies were evaluated and synthesized using a modified version of Brooks Parsimony Analysis, which is discussed. This method makes it possible using cladistic methods to distinguish between episodes of vicariance and episodes of dispersal. Two types of dispersal are recognized herein: (1) the individualistic responses of certain taxa in a single clade that cannot be generalized, i.e., traditional ad hoc dispersal, and (2) those patterns of congruent range expansion that are replicated across several clades. The latter are not treated as true dispersal, expansion of a taxon's range over a barrier accompanied by diversification, but rather as a result of the temporary removal of barriers to marine taxa, due either to relative sea-level rise or to the collision of formerly disjunct plates. These are interpreted as changes in the structure of areas, and this type of dispersal is referred to as geo-dispersal. Geo-dispersal was found to have occurred in the Middle Devonian trilobite fauna of Eastern North America.Biogeographic analysis indicated that Eastern North America is a strongly supported area, with the Appalachian and Michigan Basins as sister areas. Armorica and the Canadian Arctic are also sister areas. Congruence was found between area cladograms produced by vicariance and dispersal analyses for Middle Devonian trilobites, suggesting that in some cases the geological processes governing vicariance, such as sea-level changes, were the same as those that caused dispersal.

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