Symplesiomorphies in theWUSCHELclade suggest that the last common ancestor of seed plants contained at least four independent stem cell niches

2013 ◽  
Vol 199 (4) ◽  
pp. 1081-1092 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith Nardmann ◽  
Wolfgang Werr
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Common Ancestor ◽  
Seed Plants ◽  
Last Common Ancestor ◽  
Stem Cell Niches

scholarly journals Chloroplast and nuclear gene sequences indicate late Pennsylvanian time for the last common ancestor of extant seed plants.

1994 ◽  
Vol 91 (11) ◽  
pp. 5163-5167 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Savard ◽  
P. Li ◽  
S. H. Strauss ◽  
M. W. Chase ◽  
M. Michaud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Common Ancestor ◽  
Nuclear Gene ◽  
Seed Plants ◽  
Last Common Ancestor ◽  
Gene Sequences

scholarly journals Experimental evidence for yawn contagion in orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus)

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Evy van Berlo ◽  
Alejandra P. Díaz-Loyo ◽  
Oscar E. Juárez-Mora ◽  
Mariska E. Kret ◽  
Jorg J. M. Massen
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Common Ancestor ◽  
Great Apes ◽  
Pongo Pygmaeus ◽  
Last Common Ancestor ◽  
Contagious Yawning ◽  
Proximate Mechanism ◽  
Social Species ◽  
Ultimate Causation

AbstractYawning is highly contagious, yet both its proximate mechanism(s) and its ultimate causation remain poorly understood. Scholars have suggested a link between contagious yawning (CY) and sociality due to its appearance in mostly social species. Nevertheless, as findings are inconsistent, CY’s function and evolution remains heavily debated. One way to understand the evolution of CY is by studying it in hominids. Although CY has been found in chimpanzees and bonobos, but is absent in gorillas, data on orangutans are missing despite them being the least social hominid. Orangutans are thus interesting for understanding CY’s phylogeny. Here, we experimentally tested whether orangutans yawn contagiously in response to videos of conspecifics yawning. Furthermore, we investigated whether CY was affected by familiarity with the yawning individual (i.e. a familiar or unfamiliar conspecific and a 3D orangutan avatar). In 700 trials across 8 individuals, we found that orangutans are more likely to yawn in response to yawn videos compared to control videos of conspecifics, but not to yawn videos of the avatar. Interestingly, CY occurred regardless of whether a conspecific was familiar or unfamiliar. We conclude that CY was likely already present in the last common ancestor of humans and great apes, though more converging evidence is needed.

scholarly journals Evidence for lung epithelial stem cell niches

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matt L. Donne ◽  
Andrew J. Lechner ◽  
Jason R. Rock
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Epithelial Stem Cell ◽  
Lung Epithelial ◽  
Stem Cell Niches

Adhesion within the stem cell niches

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 623-629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karine Raymond ◽  
Marie-Ange Deugnier ◽  
Marisa M Faraldo ◽  
Marina A Glukhova
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Stem Cell Niches

scholarly journals Recombinant transfer in the basic genome ofEscherichia coli

2015 ◽  
Vol 112 (29) ◽  
pp. 9070-9075 ◽  
Author(s):  
Purushottam D. Dixit ◽  
Tin Yau Pang ◽  
F. William Studier ◽  
Sergei Maslov
Keyword(s):  
Common Ancestor ◽  
Recipient Cell ◽  
Gene Clusters ◽  
Selective Advantage ◽  
Last Common Ancestor ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Bacterial Genomes ◽  
Basic Genome ◽  
Single Base Pair ◽  
Generalized Transduction

An approximation to the ∼4-Mbp basic genome shared by 32 strains ofEscherichia colirepresenting six evolutionary groups has been derived and analyzed computationally. A multiple alignment of the 32 complete genome sequences was filtered to remove mobile elements and identify the most reliable ∼90% of the aligned length of each of the resulting 496 basic-genome pairs. Patterns of single base-pair mutations (SNPs) in aligned pairs distinguish clonally inherited regions from regions where either genome has acquired DNA fragments from diverged genomes by homologous recombination since their last common ancestor. Such recombinant transfer is pervasive across the basic genome, mostly between genomes in the same evolutionary group, and generates many unique mosaic patterns. The six least-diverged genome pairs have one or two recombinant transfers of length ∼40–115 kbp (and few if any other transfers), each containing one or more gene clusters known to confer strong selective advantage in some environments. Moderately diverged genome pairs (0.4–1% SNPs) show mosaic patterns of interspersed clonal and recombinant regions of varying lengths throughout the basic genome, whereas more highly diverged pairs within an evolutionary group or pairs between evolutionary groups having >1.3% SNPs have few clonal matches longer than a few kilobase pairs. Many recombinant transfers appear to incorporate fragments of the entering DNA produced by restriction systems of the recipient cell. A simple computational model can closely fit the data. Most recombinant transfers seem likely to be due to generalized transduction by coevolving populations of phages, which could efficiently distribute variability throughout bacterial genomes.

scholarly journals Comparative Genomic and Phylogenetic Analyses of Gammaproteobacterial glg Genes Traced the Origin of the Escherichia coli Glycogen glgBXCAP Operon to the Last Common Ancestor of the Sister Orders Enterobacteriales and Pasteurellales

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. e0115516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Goizeder Almagro ◽  
Alejandro M. Viale ◽  
Manuel Montero ◽  
Mehdi Rahimpour ◽  
Francisco José Muñoz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Common Ancestor ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Comparative Genomic ◽  
Last Common Ancestor

Is Irradiation of Potential Cancer Stem Cell Niches in the Subventricular Zones Indicated in GBM?

2011 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. S184 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.J. Slotman ◽  
W.S.C. Eppinga ◽  
P.F. de Haan ◽  
F.J. Lagerwaard
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cancer Stem Cell ◽  
Subventricular Zones ◽  
Potential Cancer ◽  
Stem Cell Niches

Improved resolution of recalcitrant nodes in the animal phylogeny through the analysis of genome gene content and morphology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ksenia Juravel ◽  
Luis Porras ◽  
Sebastian Hoehna ◽  
Davide Pisani ◽  
Gert Wörheide
Keyword(s):  
Common Ancestor ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
The Other ◽  
Gene Content ◽  
Statistical Hypothesis ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Last Common Ancestor ◽  
Statistical Hypothesis Testing ◽  
Animal Phylogeny ◽  
Phylogenetic Hypotheses

An accurate phylogeny of animals is needed to clarify their evolution, ecology, and impact on shaping the biosphere. Although multi-gene alignments of up to several hundred thousand amino acids are nowadays routinely used to test hypotheses of animal relationships, some nodes towards the root of the animal phylogeny are proving hard to resolve. While the relationships of the non-bilaterian lineages, primarily sponges (Porifera) and comb jellies (Ctenophora), have received much attention since more than a decade, controversies about the phylogenetic position of the worm-like bilaterian lineage Xenacoelomorpha and the monophyly of the "Superphylum" Deuterostomia have more recently emerged. Here we independently analyse novel genome gene content and morphological datasets to assess patterns of phylogenetic congruence with previous amino-acid derived phylogenetic hypotheses. Using statistical hypothesis testing, we show that both our datasets very strongly support sponges as the sister group of all the other animals, Xenoacoelomorpha as the sister group of the other Bilateria, and largely support monophyletic Deuterostomia. Based on these results, we conclude that the last common animal ancestor may have been a simple, filter-feeding organism without a nervous system and muscles, while the last common ancestor of Bilateria might have been a small, acoelomate-like worm without a through gut.

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