PROSTHETIC EAR RECONSTRUCTION APPLYING COMPUTER TOMOGRAPHIC (CT) DATA AND ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGIES

2015 ◽  
Vol 76 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nor Azura Mohamed ◽  
Zainul Ahmad Rajion
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Medical Imaging ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Physical Models ◽  
Ear Reconstruction ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Imaging Technology ◽  
Wax Pattern ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Aided Design

The treatment of auricle defect can be by surgical or prosthetic ear rehabilitation depending on the condition.  Current practice by surgeon for prosthetic ear rehabilitation require patient to go for osseointegrated craniofacial implant surgery for retention of the prosthetic ear.  Impression technique play a vital role in accurate reproduction of affected and unaffected ears, orientation of the ear during wax try in and fabrication of ear prostheses. Traditionally, the wax pattern was created from the impression taken from patient and the final prosthesis is processed with silicone material.  This conventional method has always been time consuming, massive work and caused discomfort to patient.  Moreover the accuracy of the final prosthetic sometimes was not satisfied. Improvement in medical imaging technology whereby data from computerized tomography (CT) in 2D format can be converting to 3 dimensional images gave tremendous view for surgeon to visualize the result.  A new and impressive advance in the development of additive manufacturing technology is now being able to be applied in medical field.  The widespread use of computer-aided design (CAD) combine with computer aided manufacturing (CAM) produced the momentum and desire to translate the 3-D images into physical models. Studies and research have indicated the viability of using medical imaging technology, computer aided design (CAD) and additive manufacturing techniques in prosthetics.  This paper proposed a novel method of fabricating the prosthetic ear applying mirror image technique to reconstruct the missing ear, and then fabricate the 3D model of the prosthetic ear using Stereolitography (SLA) technology that will become the master mold to produce the final prosthetic ear.  This method eliminates the traditional wax pattern procedure. A clinical study is done onto a patient in HUSM and comparison is made between traditional method vs new approach using computer aided technology.  Result showed that there is significant different between traditional and new approach design.  The new method also shows time reduction during design and fabrication stage.  

scholarly journals A review of the Application of Additive Manufacturing in Endodontic access opening using SLM process

2020 ◽  
pp. 281-285
Author(s):  
Roydan Dsouza
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Dental Pulp ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Physical Models ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Development Cycle ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Product Development Cycle ◽  
Aided Design

3D Printing refers to a class of technology that can automatically construct 3-dimensional physical models from Computer Aided Design (CAD) data. Reduction of product development cycle time is a major concern in industries for achieving competitive advantage. Endodontic dentistry is the dental specialty concerned with the study and treatment of the dental pulp, and generally diagnose tooth pain and perform root canal treatment and other procedures relating to the interior of the tooth. This article, therefore, aims on being an assistive methodology in endodontics by applying 3D printing in order to reduce the strain involved in the tooth restoration process.

Laser Additive Manufacturing

3D Printing ◽  
2017 ◽  
pp. 154-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasheedat M. Mahamood ◽  
Esther T. Akinlabi
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Selective Laser Sintering ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cad Model ◽  
Laser Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Manufacturing Technologies ◽  
Aided Design

Laser additive manufacturing is an advanced manufacturing process for making prototypes as well as functional parts directly from the three dimensional (3D) Computer-Aided Design (CAD) model of the part and the parts are built up adding materials layer after layer, until the part is competed. Of all the additive manufacturing process, laser additive manufacturing is more favoured because of the advantages that laser offers. Laser is characterized by collimated linear beam that can be accurately controlled. This chapter brings to light, the various laser additive manufacturing technologies such as: - selective laser sintering and melting, stereolithography and laser metal deposition. Each of these laser additive manufacturing technologies are described with their merits and demerits as well as their areas of applications. Properties of some of the parts produced through these processes are also reviewed in this chapter.

scholarly journals Evolution of design considerations in complex craniofacial reconstruction using patient-specific implants

2016 ◽  
Vol 231 (6) ◽  
pp. 509-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean Peel ◽  
Satyajeet Bhatia ◽  
Dominic Eggbeer ◽  
Daniel S Morris ◽  
Caroline Hayhurst
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Patient Case ◽  
Computer Aided Manufacturing ◽  
Design Considerations ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Aided Design

Previously published evidence has established major clinical benefits from using computer-aided design, computer-aided manufacturing, and additive manufacturing to produce patient-specific devices. These include cutting guides, drilling guides, positioning guides, and implants. However, custom devices produced using these methods are still not in routine use, particularly by the UK National Health Service. Oft-cited reasons for this slow uptake include the following: a higher up-front cost than conventionally fabricated devices, material-choice uncertainty, and a lack of long-term follow-up due to their relatively recent introduction. This article identifies a further gap in current knowledge – that of design rules, or key specification considerations for complex computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing/additive manufacturing devices. This research begins to address the gap by combining a detailed review of the literature with first-hand experience of interdisciplinary collaboration on five craniofacial patient case studies. In each patient case, bony lesions in the orbito-temporal region were segmented, excised, and reconstructed in the virtual environment. Three cases translated these digital plans into theatre via polymer surgical guides. Four cases utilised additive manufacturing to fabricate titanium implants. One implant was machined from polyether ether ketone. From the literature, articles with relevant abstracts were analysed to extract design considerations. In all, 19 frequently recurring design considerations were extracted from previous publications. Nine new design considerations were extracted from the case studies – on the basis of subjective clinical evaluation. These were synthesised to produce a design considerations framework to assist clinicians with prescribing and design engineers with modelling. Promising avenues for further research are proposed.

Curvature Estimation for Metrology of Non-Rigid Parts

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Aidibe ◽  
Souheil-Antoine Tahan
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Cad Model ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Profile Deviation ◽  
Defect Area ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Curvature Estimation ◽  
Aided Design

At the end of the manufacturing process, engineers need to know if a manufactured part fits its computer-aided design (CAD) model and how is the amplitude of inherent variation of manufacturing process. Non-rigid parts, at free state condition, may have a significant different form than their CAD model due to gravity loads; residual stresses induced distortion and/or assembly load. Today, a complicated and expensive specialized fixture is needed to conform these parts. To tackle the above challenges, we present in this paper a new approach for metrology of fixtureless non-rigid parts. This approach combines the curvature properties of manufactured parts with the extreme value statistic test as identification method to distinguish profile deviation due to the manufacturing process from part’s deformation due to the flexibility of the part and to determine whether the tolerance fits the CAD model or no. This approach is tested on simulated typical industrial sheet metal giving satisfying results in terms of percentage of errors in defect area and in peak profile deviation estimated.

scholarly journals Additively manufactured versus conventionally pressed cranioplasty implants: An accuracy comparison

2018 ◽  
Vol 232 (9) ◽  
pp. 949-961 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean Peel ◽  
Dominic Eggbeer ◽  
Hanna Burton ◽  
Hayley Hanson ◽  
Peter L Evans
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Design Software ◽  
Uk National Health Service ◽  
Similar Accuracy ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Aided Design

This article compared the accuracy of producing patient-specific cranioplasty implants using four different approaches. Benchmark geometry was designed to represent a cranium and a defect added simulating a craniectomy. An ‘ideal’ contour reconstruction was calculated and compared against reconstructions resulting from the four approaches –‘conventional’, ‘semi-digital’, ‘digital – non-automated’ and ‘digital – semi-automated’. The ‘conventional’ approach relied on hand carving a reconstruction, turning this into a press tool, and pressing titanium sheet. This approach is common in the UK National Health Service. The ‘semi-digital’ approach removed the hand-carving element. Both of the ‘digital’ approaches utilised additive manufacturing to produce the end-use implant. The geometries were designed using a non-specialised computer-aided design software and a semi-automated cranioplasty implant-specific computer-aided design software. It was found that all plates were clinically acceptable and that the digitally designed and additive manufacturing plates were as accurate as the conventional implants. There were no significant differences between the additive manufacturing plates designed using non-specialised computer-aided design software and those designed using the semi-automated tool. The semi-automated software and additive manufacturing production process were capable of producing cranioplasty implants of similar accuracy to multi-purpose software and additive manufacturing, and both were more accurate than handmade implants. The difference was not of clinical significance, demonstrating that the accuracy of additive manufacturing cranioplasty implants meets current best practice.

scholarly journals Customization of Kayak Paddle Grips by Using Reverse Engineering, Computer Aided Design and Additive Manufacturing Tools

2021 ◽  
pp. 261-267
Author(s):  
Eneko Solaberrieta ◽  
Xabier Amezua ◽  
Xabier Garikano ◽  
Mikel Iturrate ◽  
Jose Antonio Oriozabala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Reverse Engineering ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Cad Tools ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
3D Geometry ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Aided Design ◽  
Phase Process ◽  
Massive Development

AbstractIn this paper, due to the importance of maintaining a secure grip with the control hand in kayaking, a simple three phase process is presented for the massive development of personalized grips which allow the improvement of this handgrip. This process consists of obtaining the 3D geometry of the paddler's handgrip by using Reverse Engineering (RE) tools, designing the grip from the obtained 3D geometry by using Computer Aided Design (CAD) tools and manufacturing the grip by using Additive Manufacturing (AM) tools. Therefore, this paper shows that the RE, CAD and AM tools available today allow the customization of products for many applications.

scholarly journals Direct Printed Metal Devices - The Next Level of Computer-aided Design and Computer-aided Manufacturing Applications in the Orthodontic Care

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 253-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Graf
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Physical Models ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Know How ◽  
Metal Printing ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Cad Cam ◽  
3D Metal Printing ◽  
Manufacturing Applications ◽  
Aided Design

As the whole world gets more digital, so do we. This article provides a basic know-how for the CAD/CAM-workflow for metallic orthodontic appliances. Demonstrating step-by-step how to design the appliance on a digital cast and laser-melting (3D metal printing) it, till the final result, without any physical models.

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