Towards ProGesture, a Tool Supporting Early Prototyping of 3D-Gesture Interaction

Development of gesture interaction requires a combination of three design matters: gesture, presentation, and dialog. However, in current work on rapid prototyping the focus is on gestures taking into account only the presentation. Model-based development incorporating gestures, in contrast, supports the gesture and dialog dimensions. The work on ProGesture aims at a rapid prototyping tool supporting a coherent development within the whole gesture-presentation-dialog design space. In this contribution, a first version of ProGesture is introduced. Here, gestures are specified by demonstrating the movements or they are composed of other gestures. The tool also provides a dialog editor, which allows gestures to be assigned to dialog models. Based on its executable runtime system the models and gestures can be tested and evaluated. In addition, gestures can be bound to first presentations or existing applications and evaluated in their context.

Computational Design and Built Environments

Drawing has always been the most powerful instrument for the conceptualization, interpretation and representation of spaces and forms. Today, the computer screen complements the eye-brain telescope with an additional lens that increases the ability to understand, visualize and ultimately design the built environment. Computational design is dramatically shifting not only established drawing and modeling practices, but also ? and perhaps most importantly ? design thinking processes in the very conception and morphogenesis of forms and of their complex relationships in space. Specifically parametric modeling allows to understand geometry and manipulate shapes in dynamic, articulated and yet intuitive ways, opening up unprecedented design opportunities but also diminishing the importance of the design process for the sake of formal complexity. This chapters offers some insights on the incredible design opportunities offered by new computational instruments, as well as highlighting circumstances in which the act of ‘modeling' takes over the ‘design.'

The Importance of Being Honest

The chapter presents a reflection on the concept of transparency in digital modeling and visualization of Architectural Heritage. Moving from topics of transparency and from the experiences in using paradata in different fields to state model's source, the degree of reliability of virtual re-constructions, and to made the digital model testable by other professionals, transparency and paradata are studied and declined for a dedicated application to historical buildings. In fact paradata is useful for model's design, use, management, diffusion, archiving, and interoperability. This according to an aim of model's intellectual transparency, and scientific computing and visualization of historic buildings. Follows issues about: the relationship between physical and digital heritage, the design of the digital 3D model and the database, the communication of transparency through spatial visualizations and multiple windowed representations, the transparency as possible methodological workflow for scientific analysis.

Laser Additive Manufacturing

Laser additive manufacturing is an advanced manufacturing process for making prototypes as well as functional parts directly from the three dimensional (3D) Computer-Aided Design (CAD) model of the part and the parts are built up adding materials layer after layer, until the part is competed. Of all the additive manufacturing process, laser additive manufacturing is more favoured because of the advantages that laser offers. Laser is characterized by collimated linear beam that can be accurately controlled. This chapter brings to light, the various laser additive manufacturing technologies such as: - selective laser sintering and melting, stereolithography and laser metal deposition. Each of these laser additive manufacturing technologies are described with their merits and demerits as well as their areas of applications. Properties of some of the parts produced through these processes are also reviewed in this chapter.

Tool Wear and Surface Integrity Analysis of Machined Heat Treated Selective Laser Melted Ti-6Al-4V

In this study, the tool wear and surface integrity during machining of wrought and Selective Laser Melted (SLM) titanium alloy (after heat treatment) are studied. Face turning trails were carried out on both the materials at different cutting speeds of 60,120 and 180 m/min. Cutting tools and machined specimens collected are characterized using scanning electron microscope, surface profiler and optical microscope to study the tool wear, machined surface quality and machining induced microstructural alterations. It was found that high cutting speeds lead to rapid tool wear during machining of SLM Ti-6Al-4V materials. Rapid tool wear observed at high cutting speeds in machining SLM Ti-6Al-4V resulted in damaging the surface integrity by 1) Deposition of chip/work material on the machined surface giving rise to higher surface roughness and 2) Increasing the depth of plastic deformation on the machined sub surface.

Curricular Collaborations

As libraries make the transition from information repositories to centers of learning, librarians are under pressure to collaborate more effectively with other academic units and departments. At the same time, classroom faculty feel pressure to experiment with innovative teaching methods, to provide experiential learning opportunities, to be more interdisciplinary and collaborative, and to engage their students more proactively. A 3D printing curricular collaboration between a library and an academic department is presented that illustrates the importance of collaboration and innovation, the changing mission of libraries, the learning styles of millennial students, and the benefits of experiential learning. The chapter explores in-depth both the opportunities presented by curricular collaborations and the challenges to providing technologies in a curricular context.

Should I Try Turning It Off and On Again?

The flexible production and process designs of complex and automated manufacturing systems – called Cyber-Physical Production Systems (CPPS) – lead to enormous challenges for the machine operator with regard to understanding their “behavior” and therefore their technical controllability. One way to face these challenges is to foster the operator's appropriation of highly complex hardware-centered ICT-systems. Based on the historical development of CPPS and a short excursion into a study about the appropriation of 3D printers, the authors will adapt the concept of sociable technologies, as hardware-centered appropriation infrastructures, to CPPS.

Integration of Legal Aspects in 3D Cadastral Systems

This article continues a research on the feasibility of BIM for 3D cadastre in unified building models, presented in . It describes problems and solutions concerning interaction between BIM and the registration and visualisation of legal 3D property information. BIM and legal 3D property are two seemingly different domains, and there is a lack of BIM-3D property research in relation to technical and registration issues. The article therefore focuses on possibilities and difficulties of addressing legal interests (i.e. rights, restrictions and responsibilities) in land. A Swedish case study is used to describe the use of 3D property formation and registration in Sweden, and how it might be possible to achieve a more integrated, standard based registration of legal boundaries and physical buildings. The results emphasize how BIM and 3D property domains can interact to serve the needs for effective information handling by e.g. importing 3D cadastral boundaries into BIM as basis for decision-making or to use BIM as input in the 3D cadastral formation process.

Fashion-Technology and Change in Product Development and Consumption for the High-End Menswear Sector

This updates a longitudinal study of Bespoke/ High End tailoring (Ross, 2007) with a secondary focus on mid-market menswear. The discussion commences with a review of key literature and practices from digital menswear studies to-date and evaluates how in the last two decades a deeply entrenched traditional sector such as tailoring has embraced numerous fashion digital-technologies from the design process to multi-channel consumption in-store, e-commerce and apps. The author utilizes a 3D-4C's process model as a structural template. The research methodology is interpretive, qualitative, online structured-observation of tailors currently utilizing digital practices plus in-depth interviews with industry experts. Those interviewed include Bespoke/Designer tailors with current 3D- platforms and International researchers providing insight into the latest developments in digital fashion including virtual design, scanning, sizing, avatars, 3D-fabric-simulations, 3D-printing, virtual-try-on and customization to establish best practices and future forecasts for proactive fashion management.

The Use of the Terrestrial Photogrammetry in Reverse Engineering Applications

The reverse engineering applications has gained great momentum in industrial production with developments in the fields of computer vision and computer-aided design (CAD). The reproduction of an existing product or a spare part, reproduction of an existing surface, elimination of the defect or improvement of the available product are the goals of industrial reverse engineering applications. The first and the most important step in reverse engineering applications is the generation of the three dimensional (3D) metric model of an existing product in computer environment. After this stage, many operations such as the preparation of molds for mass production, the performance testing, the comparison of the existing product with other products and prototypes which are available on the market are performed by using the generated 3D models. In reverse engineering applications, the laser scanner system or digital terrestrial photogrammetry methods, also called contactless method, are preferred for the generation of the 3D models. In particular, terrestrial photogrammetry has become a popular method since require only photographs for the 3-dimensional drawing, the generation of the dense point cloud using the image matching algorithms and the orthoimage generation as well as its low cost. In this paper, an industrial application of 3D information modelling is presented which concerns the measurement and 3D metric modelling of the ship model. The possible usage of terrestrial photogrammetry in reverse engineering application is investigated based on low cost photogrammetric system. The main aim was the generation of the dense point cloud and 3D line drawing of the ship model by using terrestrial photogrammetry, for the production of the ship in real size as a reverse engineering application. For this purpose, the images were recorded with digital SLR camera and orientations have been performed. Then 3D line drawing operations, point cloud and orthoimage generations have been accomplished by using PhotoModeler software. As a result of the proposed terrestrial photogrammetric steps, 0.5 mm spaced dense point cloud and orthoimage have been generated. The obtained results from experimental study were discussed and possible use of proposed methods was evaluated for reverse engineering application.