scholarly journals PALEOENVIRONMENTAL AND MATURITY INDICATOR OF CEPU BLOCK OIL, WONOCOLO FORMATION, EAST JAVA-INDONESIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 82 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Y. Perry Burhan ◽  
Yulfi Zetra ◽  
Yuanita Aisyah Amini
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Organic Compound ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbon ◽  
Depositional Environment ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Terrestrial Environment ◽  
Hydrocarbon Biomarkers ◽  
High Maturity ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy ◽  
Aromatic Heterocyclic

Biomarkers identification of aromatic hydrocarbon fraction of Cepu oil samples was carried out to determine the ancient depositional environment, the source of origin and indicators of the maturity of the old well of the Cepu Block oil, Wonocolo Formation, East Java Indonesia. Biomarkers was identified through the Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS) method. The distribution of aromatic hydrocarbon biomarkers indicates the presence of naphthalene compounds and their derivatives, sesquiterpenoids, diterpenoids and heterocyclic aromatic groups. The presence of identified biomarkers indicates the source of the oil organic compound coming from higher plants Angiosperms. The presence of methyl phenanthrene and aromatic heterocyclic biomarkers such as dibenzothiophene and dibenzofuran , as well as fluorene shows that Cepu Block oil was deposited not only in the terrestrial environment, but also lacustrine and marin under oxidic precipitation conditions. The presence of methyl phenanthrene with MPI value of 0.86 and isocadalene abundance higher than cadalene indicates moderate to high maturity of the Cepu Block oil analyzed. Keywords: Cepu Block oil, aromatic hydrocarbon, biomarker, paleoenvironment, GC-MS analysis.

scholarly journals Aliphatic hydrocarbon biomarkers of Sekar Kurung Gresik crude oil

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 426-431
Author(s):  
Dyah Nirmala ◽  
R.Y.Perry Burhan ◽  
Suprapto Suprapto ◽  
Yulfi Zetra
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Mass Spectrometer ◽  
Depositional Environment ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Aliphatic Hydrocarbon ◽  
Bacterial Activity ◽  
Organic Composition ◽  
Hydrocarbon Biomarkers

Characterization of petroleum biomarker from Sekar Kurung Gresik, was carried out to investigate its organic composition, depositional environment and oil maturity. The oil sample was extracted and fractionated using column chromatography to derive aliphatic hydrocarbon fraction.  The aliphatic hydrocarbon compounds were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS). The GC-MS analysis shows that n-alkanes compound (C14-C28), isoprenoid alkanes (iC15 iC16 and iC18-iC20), a bicyclic sesquiterpene, eudesmane, cadinane, hopane, bicadinane, gammacerane and diasterane were observed. The identified compounds show that the crude oil compounds were derived from terrestrial higher plants, the contribution of bacterial activity and the oxic deposition environment (Pr/Ph = 5.3 (<1)). The oil analyzed is a mature oil. 

scholarly journals Origin and Maturity of Biomarker Aliphatic Hydrocarbon in Wondama Coal Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Yulfi Zetra ◽  
R Y Perry Burhan ◽  
Arga D. Pratama ◽  
Agus Wahyudi
Keyword(s):  
Depositional Environment ◽  
Bituminous Coal ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Aliphatic Hydrocarbon ◽  
Carbon Preference Index ◽  
Hydrocarbon Biomarkers ◽  
Preference Index ◽  
R Ratio ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy

Organic geochemical characterization of Wondama coal samples from the Lengguru Folding Belt has been carried out through the study of its aliphatic hydrocarbon biomarkers. This study is to determine the origin, depositional environment and maturity of coal which is useful for determining the use of coal as an energy source. Aliphatic hydrocarbon biomarkers were identified by using gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy methods which showed the presence of n-alkane homologs (n-C15 - n-C33), which was dominated by n-C31. This indicates that the organic material originates from Angiosperms of terrestrial higher plants. The ratio of pristane to phytane (Pr/Ph) with value of 3.74 indicates that the Wondama coal is buried in an oxic depositional environment. The Carbon Preference Index (CPI) value of 7.82 and the C31αβS/(S + R) ratio of 0.27 indicate low maturity of Wondama coal and is classified into a sub-bituminous coal ranks.

scholarly journals Improvements in Bis(cyclopentadienyl)magnesium Purity as Determined with Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy

2000 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael E. Bartram
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Organic Compound ◽  
Mass Spectroscopy ◽  
Oxygen Incorporation ◽  
Organic Impurities ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy ◽  
Volatile Impurities

Bis(cyclopentadienyl)magnesium (MgCp2) is used commonly as a source for doping nitride materials with magnesium. Increased oxygen incorporation known to accompany the use of MgCp2 makes the purity of this precursor an important consideration in nitride CVD. Gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GCMS) methods have now been developed for the identification of volatile impurities in MgCp2. Diethylether, an oxygen containing organic compound (CH3CH2OCH2CH3), and additional organic impurities were found in the MgCp2 supplied by three manufacturers. Subsequent refinements in the synthetic processes by these companies have resulted in the availability of MgCp2 free of ether and other organic impurities as determined by GCMS.

Freezing

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Hysteresis ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Terrestrial Environment ◽  
Cold Temperatures ◽  
Cellular Dehydration ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Unicellular Organisms ◽  
Cell Cytosol ◽  
Freezing Temperatures ◽  
Multicellular Organisms

Freezing is a widespread ecological challenge, affecting organisms in over half the terrestrial environment as well as both polar seas. With very few exceptions, if a cell freezes internally, it dies. Polar teleost fish in shallow waters avoid freezing by synthesising a range of protein or glycoprotein antifreezes. Terrestrial organisms are faced with a far greater thermal challenge, and exhibit a more complex array of responses. Unicellular organisms survive freezing temperatures by preventing ice nucleating within the cytosol, and tolerating the cellular dehydration and membrane disruption that follows from ice forming in the external environment. Multicellular organisms survive freezing temperatures by manipulating the composition of the extracellular body fluids. Terrestrial organisms may freeze at high subzero temperatures, often promoted by ice nucleating proteins, and small molecular mass cryoprotectants (often sugars and polyols) moderate the osmotic stress on cells. A range of chaperone proteins (dehydrins, LEA proteins) help maintain the integrity of membranes and macromolecules. Thermal hysteresis (antifreeze) proteins prevent damaging recrystallisation of ice. In some cases arthropods and higher plants prevent freezing in their extracellular fluids and survive by supercooling. Vitrification of extracellular water, or of the cell cytosol, may be a more widespread response to very cold temperatures than recognised to date.

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