scholarly journals Initiation Plants and Their Role in Treatment in the Vaupes Region, South America

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 853-857
Author(s):  
Gabriel David Beltrán Zapata ◽  
Nohelia Andrea Castro Pineda
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
South America ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Initiation Rites ◽  
Cultural Research ◽  
Cross Cultural Research ◽  
World Cultural Heritage

In this article, we focus on plants used during initiation rites in Colombia. The aim of this paper is to describe the initiation plants of Cubeo and Curripaco people living in the Vaupés region.and explain how their application changed to be therapeutical only with the loss of rich cultural and ritual uses because the rites were abandoned by ethnic groups, who originally performed them. There are described plants of Cubeo and Curripaco people living in the Vaupés region. These ethnic groups are recognized to have an extensive knowledge on medicinal plants, venoms and aphrodisiacs. Finally, we declare that conservation tools and cross cultural research projects are needed to be established to preserve initiation rites for future generations, because they are part of world cultural heritage.

scholarly journals Comparison Considered: Some Methodological Responses

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 495-508
Author(s):  
Oliver Freiberger
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Method ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Review Symposium ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Cultural Research ◽  
Cross Cultural Research

Abstract The present issue’s review symposium on comparison comprises six thoughtful and stimulating essays in which the authors, in conversation with Bruce Lincoln’s Apples and Oranges (2018) and my Considering Comparison (2019), reflect on the comparative method and on how it relates to their work. Their reflections are explorative, productive, thought-provoking, and they also criticize and challenge aspects of our books in constructive ways, each from the perspective of their own field of expertise. In this response I discuss the methodological questions that each essay raised for me and, at times, propose a potential way forward. The symposium shows that exploring the comparative method can be useful and rewarding not only for explicit cross-cultural research, but also for research projects that do not seem comparative at first glance. I argue that since studying religion—a highly comparative category—is inherently comparative, the methodology of comparison deserves proper attention.

Affective Responses to European Art Music by Israeli Arabs and Israeli Jews: A Cross-Ethnic Study

2020 ◽  
pp. 102986492091862
Author(s):  
Eitan Ornoy
Keyword(s):  
Music Education ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Art Music ◽  
Affective Responses ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Music Appreciation ◽  
Cultural Research ◽  
Cross Cultural Research ◽  
Israeli Arabs ◽  
The One

Most cross-cultural research on music and emotions is targeted at examining participants’ ability to perceive the emotional intent of the music or the musician. Fewer studies, however, have investigated participants’ affective responses to the music being played. This study seeks to explore the influence of ethno-cultural differences on both quality and quantity of emotions induced by the music, by examining whether individuals in two discrete ethnic groups who share similar musical backgrounds differ in their categorical judgments and the intensity of ratings representing their felt emotions while listening to familiar and unfamiliar music. Participants ( N=236) were Israeli Arabs (IA) and Israeli Jews (IJ) who either lacked previous music education or who attended a music-appreciation course focused on ten excerpts from well-known European art music. Having listened to each excerpt, participants were instructed to make a categorical judgment by selecting the one of nine descriptors that best reflected the emotion they felt in response to the music, and to rate its overall intensity. Relatively small differences between the two ethnic groups were identified with regard to the categorical judgments, supporting previous cross-cultural research on perceived emotions in music. IA reported higher levels of intensity than IJ, however—particularly (in two cases) if they were familiar with the music, perhaps because of cultural characteristics and group-specific attributes.

Explorations in Dynamics of Symbolic Meaning with Cultural Experiments

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pawel Boski
Keyword(s):  
Cross Cultural Psychology ◽  
Person Perception ◽  
Cultural Psychology ◽  
Psychological Adaptation ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Symbolic Meaning ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Cultural Research ◽  
Cross Cultural Research ◽  
Religious Icons

To counterbalance the predominantly verbal measures and psychometric orientation in cross-cultural psychology, this chapter proposes the concept of cultural experiment. It is a method of sampling normative behavioral scripts, exploring their inner structures of meaning, and finally designing reversals, with the expectation of disconfirmation as their ultimate validity test. Pictorial materials (videos) are the preferred methods in this approach as contextualized models of existing cultural arrangements or their modifications. Empirical evidence comes from five cross-cultural research projects spanned over 30 years. These experiments illustrate contrasts in psychological adaptation to congruent and incongruent scenarios. They provide answers when new cultural ways meet with resistance and when novelty is appreciated or tolerated. Three experiments focus on dynamics of gender role prescriptions from Polish and Scandinavian perspectives. Another study investigates person perception of culturally familiar and remote African actors. The last study explores tolerance priming through religious icons from in-group and out-group cultures.

scholarly journals Quantifying cultural tightness-looseness in Ecuador

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. e0246064
Author(s):  
Phillip M. Jolly ◽  
Hubert Van Hoof ◽  
Feier Chen ◽  
Bora Kim ◽  
Mateo Estrella Duran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
National Survey ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Behavioral Norms ◽  
Cultural Research ◽  
Cross Cultural Research ◽  
The World

Cultural tightness-looseness represents the degree to which a particular culture possesses strong behavioral norms, and the degree to which members of that culture are likely to sanction individuals who deviate from those norms. While tightness-looseness has been quantified for a large and growing number of countries around the world, there are many countries where a tightness-looseness score has yet to be determined, thus impeding the inclusion of those countries in cross-cultural research with a tightness-looseness focus. There is a dearth of research on cultural tightness-looseness in South America in particular. We report results from a national survey of 1,265 Ecuadorian residents which provided quantification of the relatively tight culture of Ecuador.

Sociocultural memory development research drives new directions in gadgetry science

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Penny Van Bergen ◽  
John Sutton
Keyword(s):  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Autobiographical Memory ◽  
Developmental Psychology ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Memory Development ◽  
Development Research ◽  
Cultural Research ◽  
New Directions ◽  
Cross Cultural Research

Abstract Sociocultural developmental psychology can drive new directions in gadgetry science. We use autobiographical memory, a compound capacity incorporating episodic memory, as a case study. Autobiographical memory emerges late in development, supported by interactions with parents. Intervention research highlights the causal influence of these interactions, whereas cross-cultural research demonstrates culturally determined diversity. Different patterns of inheritance are discussed.

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