scholarly journals Uso de la tierra y diversidades alfa, beta y gamma de diplópodos en la cuenca del río Otún, Colombia

2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darío Hernán Ruiz-Cobo ◽  
Julián Bueno-Villegas ◽  
Alexander Feijoo-Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Species Turnover ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Gamma Diversity ◽  
Crop Fields ◽  
Colombian Andes ◽  
Alpha Beta ◽  
Beta And Gamma Diversity ◽  
Del Rio ◽  
The Relationship

<p><strong></strong> <strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the relationship between changes in ecosystems and agrosystems provoked by human intervention and the alpha, beta and gamma diversity of the Diplopoda in the middle basin of the Otún river. <strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In this research we used a stratified systematic design with seven sampling windows and 16 sampling points. Millipedes were divided into families and morphotypes to calculate the alpha, beta and gamma diversity related to the heterogeneity of land uses. <strong>Results: </strong>We identified 35 morphotypes from 12 families and five orders. Alpha diversity of Diplopoda revealed significant differences between land uses (P &lt;0.05) and a decrease of richness from preserved areas to transformed areas by human activity. A high number of exclusive morphotypes were found in forest relicts and fallow with low species turnover between them, while the pastures, crop fields and plantations presented similar numbers of morphotypes but the species turnover between them was high (complementarity &gt; 85%) in spite of the low diversity in the land uses, which determined the high contribution of the beta diversity to the gamma diversity of the landscape. <strong>Conclusion: </strong>The heterogeneity of land uses showed that the changes modify the structure of diversity in Diplopoda with gradients diverging from the preserved ones to the highly transformed ones.</p> <p><strong>Key words: </strong>alpha, beta, gamma diversity, Colombian Andes, soil Diplopoda.</p><br />

scholarly journals Alpha-, beta-, and gamma-diversity of bacteria varies across global habitats

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kendra E. Walters ◽  
Jennifer B.H. Martiny
Keyword(s):  
Beta Diversity ◽  
Multiple Scales ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Gamma Diversity ◽  
Alpha And Beta Diversity ◽  
Alpha Beta ◽  
Beta And Gamma Diversity

AbstractBacteria are essential parts of ecosystems and are the most abundant organisms on the planet. Yet, we still do not know which habitats support the highest diversity of bacteria across multiple scales. We analyzed alpha-, beta-, and gamma-diversity of bacterial assemblages using 11,680 samples compiled by the Earth Microbiome Project. We found that soils contained the highest bacterial richness within a single sample (alpha-diversity), but sediment assemblages were the most diverse at a global scale (gamma-diversity). Sediment, biofilms/mats, and inland water exhibited the most variation in community composition among geographic locations (beta-diversity). Within soils, agricultural lands, hot deserts, grasslands, and shrublands contained the highest richness, while forests, cold deserts, and tundra biomes consistently harbored fewer bacterial species. Surprisingly, agricultural soils encompassed similar levels of beta-diversity as other soil biomes. These patterns were robust to the alpha- and beta-diversity metrics used and the taxonomic binning approach. Overall, the results support the idea that spatial environmental heterogeneity is an important driver of bacterial diversity.

scholarly journals Alpha-, beta-, and gamma-diversity of bacteria varies across habitats

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. e0233872
Author(s):  
Kendra E. Walters ◽  
Jennifer B. H. Martiny
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Diversity ◽  
Alpha Beta ◽  
Beta And Gamma Diversity

Use of Alpha, Beta, and Gamma Diversity Measures to Characterize Seed Dispersal by Animals

2012 ◽  
Vol 180 (6) ◽  
pp. 719-732 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas G. Scofield ◽  
Peter E. Smouse ◽  
Jordan Karubian ◽  
Victoria L. Sork
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dispersal ◽  
Gamma Diversity ◽  
Diversity Measures ◽  
Alpha Beta ◽  
Beta And Gamma Diversity

scholarly journals Bacterial physiological adaptations to contrasting edaphic conditions identified using landscape scale metagenomics

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashish A. Malik ◽  
Bruce C. Thomson ◽  
Andrew S. Whiteley ◽  
Mark Bailey ◽  
Robert I. Griffiths
Keyword(s):  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
Gamma Diversity ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Edaphic Conditions ◽  
Acquisition Strategies ◽  
Physiological Adaptations ◽  
Geographically Distributed ◽  
C And N ◽  
Functional Profiles ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractEnvironmental factors relating to soil pH are widely known to be important in structuring soil bacterial communities, yet the relationship between taxonomic community composition and functional diversity remains to be determined. Here, we analyze geographically distributed soils spanning a wide pH gradient and assess the functional gene capacity within those communities using whole genome metagenomics. Low pH soils consistently had fewer taxa (lower alpha and gamma diversity), but only marginal reductions in functional alpha diversity and equivalent functional gamma diversity. However, coherent changes in the relative abundances of annotated genes between pH classes were identified; with functional profiles clustering according to pH independent of geography. Differences in gene abundances were found to reflect survival and nutrient acquisition strategies, with organic-rich acidic soils harboring a greater abundance of cation efflux pumps, C and N direct fixation systems and fermentation pathways indicative of anaerobiosis. Conversely, high pH soils possessed more direct transporter-mediated mechanisms for organic C and N substrate acquisition. These findings show that bacterial functional versatility may not be constrained by taxonomy, and we further identify the range of physiological adaptations required to exist in soils of varying nutrient availability and edaphic conditions.

scholarly journals Traditional Agroforestry Systems and Conservation of Native Plant Diversity of Seasonally Dry Tropical Forests

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 4600
Author(s):  
Francisco J. Rendón-Sandoval ◽  
Alejandro Casas ◽  
Ana I. Moreno-Calles ◽  
Ignacio Torres-García ◽  
Eduardo García-Frapolli
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
Native Vegetation ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Gamma Diversity ◽  
Randomized Sampling ◽  
Total Species Richness ◽  
Alpha Beta ◽  
Beta And Gamma Diversity ◽  
Traditional Agroforestry

Traditional agroforestry systems (TAFS), which integrate crops with wildlife, are important reservoirs of human culture and technical experiences with a high capacity for biodiversity conservation. Our study aimed to evaluate the capacity of TAFS to conserve the floristic diversity of tropical dry forests (TDF) in the Tehuacán-Cuicatlán Valley, Mexico. We compared TAFS and TDF by measuring their forest cover, floristic composition, and structure, in addition to documenting the motivations of people to maintain native vegetation in their agricultural fields. We conducted a restricted randomized sampling of perennial plant species, including nine sites of TAFS and nine of TDF to determine the alpha, beta, and gamma diversity. Furthermore, we conducted semi-structured interviews with peasants who managed the agricultural plots we studied. We also performed workshops with people of the communities where surveys were performed. Our findings show that TAFS can maintain, on average, 68% of the species (95% of them native to the region) and 53% of the abundance of individuals occurring in the adjacent TDF. TAFS harbour 30% (39 species) of plants endemic to Mexico. Total species richness of TDF and TAFS were similar, as well as the effective number of species or communities estimated for the alpha, beta, and gamma diversity, but differed in the abundance of individuals. The high species turnover recorded in TDF (72%) and TAFS (74%) has profound implications for conservation, suggesting that it would be necessary to maintain several sites in order to conserve the regional diversity of native vegetation. Material, non-material, and regulatory contributions were reported to be the reason that peasants take into account maintaining natural vegetation. TAFS associated with TDF in the region (also called “Apancles”) contain an important richness, diversity, and endemism of components of natural ecosystems, as well as provide multiple socio-ecological contributions. These systems could represent a viable alternative to reconcile biological conservation with social well-being.

scholarly journals Alpha, Beta and Gamma Diversity Differ in Response to Precipitation in the Inner Mongolia Grassland

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. e93518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Zhang ◽  
Xiangyang Hou ◽  
Frank Yonghong Li ◽  
Jianming Niu ◽  
Yanlin Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inner Mongolia ◽  
Gamma Diversity ◽  
Inner Mongolia Grassland ◽  
Alpha Beta ◽  
Beta And Gamma Diversity
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