scholarly journals Ligament-Bone Interaction in a Three-Dimensional Model of the Knee

1991 ◽  
Vol 113 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Blankevoort ◽  
R. Huiskes
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Line Element ◽  
External Rotation ◽  
Contact Point ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Considerable Effect ◽  
Joint Models ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Human Knee ◽  
Motion Characteristics

In mathematical knee-joint models, the ligaments are usually represented by straightline elements, connecting the insertions of the femur and tibia. Such a model may not be valid if a ligament is bent in its course over bony surfaces, particularly not if the resulting redirection of the ligament force has a considerable effect on the laxity or motion characteristics of the knee-joint model. In the present study, a model for wrapping of a ligament around bone was incorporated in a three-dimensional mathematical model of the human knee. The bony edge was described by a curved line on which the contact point of the line element representing a ligament bundle was located. Frictionless contact between the ligament bundle and the bone was assumed. This model was applied to the medial collateral ligament (MCL) interacting with the bony edge of the tibia. It was found that, in comparison with the original model without bony interactions, the bony edge redirected the ligament force of the MCL in such a way that it counterbalanced valgus moments on the tibia more effectively. The effect of the bony interaction with the MCL on the internal-external rotation laxity, however, was negligible.

Stresses and Displacements for Virtual Models of Healthy and Osteoarthritic Knee Joint

2014 ◽  
Vol 658 ◽  
pp. 526-531
Author(s):  
Daniela Tarniţă ◽  
Marius Catana ◽  
Dan Tarnita
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Geometric Modeling ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Human Knee ◽  
Biomechanical Behavior ◽  
Human Knee Joint ◽  
Healthy Knee ◽  
Applied Forces

This paper presents advanced modeling and simulation methods, using the latest generation of CAD-CAE applications. For the geometric modeling of human knee joint embedded applications as DesignModeler, SpaceClaim under Ansys Workbench software package were used. The objective of this study is to present our contributions on the modeling, simulations and finite element analysis of the healthy and osteoarthritic human knee joint in order to quantify and investigate its biomechanical behavior. The main objective of this article is to present a complex three-dimensional model of the healthy knee joint and of the osteoarthritic joint which shows a 15otilt in varus, the joint being affected by osteoarthritis in both compartments, in order to predict stresses and displacements in their individual components. The applied forces were equal with 800 N and 1500 N. Finally the results obtained for normal knee and for OA knee joint are compared.

Studying the Intact, ACL-Deficient and Reconstructed Human Knee Joint Using a Finite Element Model

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Achilles Vairis ◽  
Markos Petousis ◽  
George Stefanoudakis ◽  
Nectarios Vidakis ◽  
Betina Kandyla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Knee Joint ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Human Knee ◽  
Mechanical Responses ◽  
Human Knee Joint ◽  
Calculated Load ◽  
Anterior Cruciate

The human knee joint has a three dimensional geometry with multiple body articulations that produce complex mechanical responses under loads that occur in everyday life and sports activities. Knowledge of the complex mechanical interactions of these load bearing structures is of help when the treatment of relevant diseases is evaluated and assisting devices are designed. The anterior cruciate ligament in the knee connects the femur to the tibia and is often torn during a sudden twisting motion, resulting in knee instability. The objective of this work is to study the mechanical behavior of the human knee joint in typical everyday activities and evaluate the differences in its response for three different states, intact, injured and reconstructed knee. Three equivalent finite element models were developed. For the reconstructed model a novel repair device developed and patented by the authors was employed. For the verification of the developed models, static load cases presented in a previous modeling work were used. Mechanical stresses calculated for the load cases studied, were very close to results presented in previous experimentally verified work, in both load distribution and maximum calculated load values.

Three-Dimensional Dynamic Modeling of the Human Knee to Include Tibio-Femoral and Patello-Femoral Joints

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dumitru Caruntu ◽  
Mohamed Samir Hefzy
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Dynamic Modeling ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Model ◽  
Human Knee ◽  
Two Dimensional Model ◽  
Rigid Contact ◽  
Locomotor Activities

Abstract Most of the anatomical mathematical models that have been developed to study the human knee are either for the tibio-femoral joint (TFJ) or patello-femoral joint (PFJ). Also, most of these models are static or quasistatic, and therefore do not predict the effects of dynamic inertial loads, which occur in many locomotor activities. The only dynamic anatomical model that includes both joints is a two-dimensional model by Tumer and Engin [1]. The model by Abdel-Rahman and Hefzy [2] is the only three dimensional dynamic model for the knee joint available in the literature; yet, it includes only the TFJ and allows only for rigid contact.

MEASUREMENT AND FITTING ON 3-D ARTICULAR SURFACES OF THE HUMAN KNEE JOINT

2002 ◽  
Vol 14 (04) ◽  
pp. 171-174
Author(s):  
XISHI WANG ◽  
LI-QUN ZHANG
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Reconstruction Error ◽  
Reconstruction Procedure ◽  
Human Knee ◽  
Articular Surfaces ◽  
Human Knee Joint ◽  
Surface Measurements ◽  
Articulating Surface ◽  
Relative Analysis

In this study, the OptoTrak system was employed to collect the articulating surface measurements of the human knee for the femur, tibia and patella in three experimented specimens. Furthermore, a rigorous mathematical reconstruction procedure that estimates reconstruction error was completed by employed the relative analysis tools. The results show, the measurements for each session were able to reconstruct the three-dimensional calibration to a precision of 0.02mm. On the other word, the OptoTrak can be used to obtain the precise measurements of analytical surface of the human knee joint.

Review of Knee Models: 1996 Update

1996 ◽  
Vol 49 (10S) ◽  
pp. S187-S193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Samir Hefzy ◽  
T. Derek V. Cooke
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Differential Algebraic Equations ◽  
Algebraic Equations ◽  
Dimensional Model ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Full Extension ◽  
Body Contact ◽  
Patellar Cartilage ◽  
Three Body

This paper is an update on our previous review of knee models (Hefzy and Grood [30]). We find that progress was made in the area of dynamic modeling. Since 1988, a technique was developed to solve the system of differential algebraic equations describing the three-dimensional dynamic behavior of the knee joint. This technique allows to solve complex problems. However, not a single dynamic comprehensive anatomically based mathematical three-dimensional model of the knee joint that includes both tibio-femoral and patello-femoral joints has yet been developed. In the area of meniscal modeling, we find that only one three-dimensional model of the knee joint that includes the menisci is available in the literature. This quasi-static model includes menisci, tibial, femoral and patellar cartilage layers, and ligamentous structures. This model is limited since it solves only for one position of the knee joint: full extension. From this updated survey, we conclude that the development of a comprehensive three-dimensional anatomically based mathematical model of the knee joint (that solves the three-body contact problem at the tibio-femoral joint between the menisci, tibia and femur, and includes the patello-femoral joint) continues to present major challenge.

scholarly journals Simulation Case Study: Using Simscape for Human Knee Joint Models

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-104
Author(s):  
Ruth Leskovar ◽  
Andreas Körner ◽  
Felix Breitenecker
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Joint Models ◽  
Human Knee ◽  
Human Knee Joint
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