The function of book is the motivation of the learning-teaching process

The authors’ thoughts of the above mentioned book are discussed in this article through methodical and psychological point of view. We are talking about one section of the first graders’ “Native Language”, which is published instead of the “Mother Language(Dedaena). This is a prealphabetical period – illustrated with the pictures of plasticine figures. We think that this approach satisfies neither the requirements of national curriculum nor the function of the book – being the reliable tool in the process of learning and teaching. We are discussing the method of Iakob Gogebashvili and its versatility. Confirming the relative analysis, we conclude: the “Native Language” written by these authors does not meet its function (First part researched by us).

Price Reduction in Vienna Sales Convention and Compatibility Check in Sale of Goods Act of Pakistan

Price reduction is one of the civil law remedies incorporated in the Vienna sales convention. On the other hand, Pakistan is neither the signatory of the convention nor its national sales law posses this remedy. Therefore a research is highly required to fill this vacuum and find out a solution for international buyer who is involved in trade with parties in Pakistan. Thus the study aims to investigate the suitability of price reduction in compatibility with existing legal regime. The study reveals the raison d'être in contract making via relative analysis of the existence of price reduction as an assurance for performance and certainty. The results depict that adding price reduction as remedy will be a good legal cover to the buyer's claims and a better response to the business practices in Pakistan. Especially, where the buyer is facing difficulties to prove his loss he may simply opt to reduce the price. Hence, study recommends that introducing the 'price reduction' as a remedy in the local legal system will enhance the confidence of a commercial buyer from the international community. Keywords: Sale of Goods, CISG, Price Reduction, Remedy.

On the Development of Triple Homogeneously Weighted Moving Average Control Chart

To detect sustainable changes in the manufacturing processes, memory-type charting schemes are frequently functioning. The recently designed, homogenously weighted moving average (HWMA) technique is effective for identifying substantial changes in the processes. To make the HWMA chart more effective for persistent shifts in the industrial processes, a double HWMA (DHWMA) chart has been proposed recently. This study intends to develop a triple HWMA (THWMA) chart for efficient monitoring of the process mean under zero- and steady-state scenarios. The non-normal effects of monitoring characteristics under in-control situations for heavy-tailed highly skewed and contaminated normal environments are computed under both states. The relative efficiency of the proposed structure is compared with HWMA, DHWMA, exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA), double EWMA, and the more effective triple EWMA control charting schemes. The relative analysis reveals that the proposed THWMA design performs more efficiently than the existing counterparts. An illustrative application related to substrate manufacturing is also incorporated to demonstrate the proposal.

Measuring Olympics Achievements via Stochastic Multicriteria Acceptability Analysis

The lexicographic and sum ranking systems are two widely-used instruments to measure Olympics achievements. However, the lexicographic ranking system is typically criticized as overvaluing gold medals, while the sum ranking system is particularly criticized as devaluing gold medals and incapable of discriminating National Olympic Committees (NOCs) with identical total number of medals. Meanwhile, there are controversial scoring schemes to assign points to gold, silver and bronze medals. In addition, measuring Olympics achievements in either the Winter or the Summer Olympic Games is unfair to the NOCs who perform significantly different at both Olympics. These issues are addressed in this study by developing a sophisticated mathematical transformation without the exact weights determination to aggregate the lexicographic ranking system in an interval metric. An interval decision matrix is therefore formulated under the simultaneous consideration of the Winter and the Summer Olympics. A Stochastic multicriteria acceptability analysis method is finally utilized to provide a robust measurement with sufficient discriminating power. Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients are calculated to indicate the merits of our method. The proposed method and relative analysis are demonstrated using the date drawn from the Sochi 2014 Winter Olympics and the Rio 2016 Summer Olympics.

Transformation in Weaving Technology of Paata-Clothes: an unique Fabric Tie-Dye product of Odisha

Both in global market and in perspectives of modernization, preserving and popularizing the traditional weaving technique and designing, is a challenge of 21st century. As it seems, the handloom weaving is unsustainable, and unable to compete in contemporary markets, but it realized, many weavers struggle for livelihoods irrespective of old fashion outcome and to preserve their ethnic and traditional proficiency identity. Odisha, the east-coast state of India is one of them, where thousands of ethnic weavers’ are adopting their parental knowledge of weaving and preparation of micro Ikat garments in tie-&-dye technique generation after generation. In this paper, we are trying to establish the gradual transformation in weaving technology replacing but preserving traditional weaving technique. And to establish we catalyzed here the preparation of ‘Paata-clothes', one of the rarest tussar-silk fabric, produced by ‘Nuapatana’ master weavers. The paper followed the field based research method that is being practically followed by Nuapatana weavers and gets the resultant of productivity changes by relative analysis techniques.