Review of Waste Heat Recovery Mechanisms for Internal Combustion Engines

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Armstead ◽  
Scott A. Miers
Keyword(s):  
Heat Recovery ◽  
Waste Heat Recovery ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Design Quality ◽  
Ic Engine ◽  
Waste Heat Recovery System ◽  
Petroleum Resources ◽  
Component Efficiency

The demand for more fuel efficient vehicles has been growing steadily and will only continue to increase given the volatility in the commodities market for petroleum resources. The internal combustion (IC) engine utilizes approximately one third of the chemical energy released during combustion. The remaining two-thirds are rejected from the engine via the cooling and exhaust systems. Significant improvements in fuel conversion efficiency are possible through the capture and conversion of these waste energy streams. Promising waste heat recovery (WHR) techniques include turbocharging, turbo compounding, Rankine engine compounding, and thermoelectric (TE) generators. These techniques have shown increases in engine thermal efficiencies that range from 2% to 20%, depending on system design, quality of energy recovery, component efficiency, and implementation. The purpose of this paper is to provide a broad review of the advancements in the waste heat recovery methods; thermoelectric generators (TEG) and Rankine cycles for electricity generation, which have occurred over the past 10 yr as these two techniques have been at the forefront of current research for their untapped potential. The various mechanisms and techniques, including thermodynamic analysis, employed in the design of a waste heat recovery system are discussed.

Review of Waste Heat Recovery Mechanisms for Internal Combustion Engines

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Armstead ◽  
Scott A. Miers
Keyword(s):  
Heat Recovery ◽  
Waste Heat Recovery ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Thermoelectric Generators ◽  
Design Quality ◽  
Waste Heat Recovery System ◽  
Component Efficiency

The demand for more fuel efficient vehicles has been growing steadily and will only continue to increase given the volatility in the commodities market for petroleum resources. The internal combustion engine utilizes approximately one third of the chemical energy released during combustion. The remaining two-thirds are rejected from the engine via the cooling and exhaust systems. Significant improvements in fuel conversion efficiency are possible through the capture and conversion of these waste energy streams. Promising waste heat recovery techniques include turbocharging, turbo compounding, Rankine engine compounding, and thermoelectric generators. These techniques have shown increases in engine thermal efficiencies that range from 2% to 20%, depending on system design, quality of energy recovery, component efficiency, and implementation. The purpose of this paper is to provide a broad review of the advancements in the waste heat recovery methods; thermoelectric generators and Rankine cycles for electricity generation, which have occurred over the past 10 years as these two techniques have been at the forefront of current research for their untapped potential. The various mechanisms and techniques, including thermodynamic analysis, employed in the design of a waste heat recovery system are discussed.

Waste Heat Recovery From Internal Combustion Engines: Feasibility Study on an Organic Rankine Cycle With Application to the Ohio State EcoCAR PHEV

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philipp Skarke ◽  
Shawn Midlam-Mohler ◽  
Marcello Canova
Keyword(s):  
Heat Recovery ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicle ◽  
Waste Heat Recovery ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Organic Rankine Cycle ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Driving Conditions

This paper presents a feasibility analysis on the application of Organic Rankine Cycles as a Waste Heat Recovery system for automotive internal combustion engines. The analysis is conducted considering the Ohio State University EcoCAR, a student prototype plug-in hybrid electric vehicle, as a case study for preliminary fuel economy evaluation. Starting from a energy-based powertrain simulation model validated on experimental data from the prototype vehicle, a first and second-law analysis was conducted to identify the potential for engine waste heat recovery, considering a variety of driving cycles and assuming the vehicle operating in charge-sustaining (HEV) mode. Then, a quasi-static thermodynamic model of an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) was designed, calibrated from data available in literature and optimized to fit the prototype vehicle. Simulations were then carried out to evaluate the amount of energy recovered by the ORC system, considering both urban and highway driving conditions. The results of the simulations show that a simple ORC system is able to recover up to 10% of the engine waste heat on highway driving conditions, corresponding to a potential 7% improvement in fuel consumption, with low penalization of the added weight to the vehicle electric range.

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