Performance of the Southern Nevada Water Authority of Amonix’s High Concentration Multi-Junction System

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary Wood ◽  
Aaron Sahm ◽  
Rick Hurt ◽  
Robert Boehm ◽  
Kenneth W. Stone
Keyword(s):  
Initial Period ◽  
Photovoltaic Systems ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Power Performance ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Performance Levels ◽  
Southern Nevada ◽  
System Power ◽  
Southern Nevada Water Authority

The Southern Nevada Water Authority contracted with Amonix, Inc. in 2008 to procure 220 kWdc of their latest generation multi-junction cell High Concentration Photovoltaic systems (HCPV). This paper discusses the performance of the six HCPV systems that started operating in mid 2009. Data sets included show: a. Daily power performance; b. Power performance compared to the specified performance; c. Effect of field shading upon the daily power performance. What is demonstrated is the system power performance has not degraded during this initial period of operation and continues to meet or exceed the specified performance levels.

Installation and Operation of Southern Nevada Water Authority High Concentration Amonix Multi-Junction System

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary Wood ◽  
Aaron Sahm ◽  
Rick Hurt ◽  
Robert Boehm ◽  
Kenneth W. Stone
Keyword(s):  
Control Systems ◽  
Tracking Control ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Basic Operation ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Southern Nevada ◽  
Pv Modules ◽  
Southern Nevada Water Authority

The Southern Nevada Water Authority contracted with Amonix, Inc. in 2008 to procure 220 kWdc of their latest generation multi-junction cell High Concentration Photovoltaic system. This paper describes the installation of the six HCPV systems including the design layout of the field, installation of the foundations, the PV modules, and tracking control systems. In addition, the basic operation and features of the Amonix HCPV system are discussed, along with data showing the performance of each system since the start of operation.

Performance and Operation of the Southern Nevada Water Authority High Concentration Photovoltaic Plant for the Last 800 Days

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omer Ayubi ◽  
Aaron Sahm ◽  
Robert Boehm
Keyword(s):  
Field Performance ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Performance Data ◽  
Natural State ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Southern Nevada ◽  
Photovoltaic Plant ◽  
Long Term Performance ◽  
Term Performance ◽  
Southern Nevada Water Authority

The Southern Nevada Water Authority (SNWA) obtained six of the Amonix, Inc. multi-junction Concentrating Photovoltaic (CPV) systems in 2009. A description of the CPV systems, plant layout, and operating description is given. Data showing the power and that the systems have generated over 1,200 MWh of grid energy during the last 33 months are presented in the paper. An estimate is given of the net annual energy generated based upon the last 33 months of daily energy performance. Data is also presented showing the daily peak power divided by peak DNI and the energy performance during this period. The effect of shading is discussed and data are presented showing its effects on the annual field performance. Data are also given on the operating reliability and the long-term performance of the plant. A discussion and pictures are given of how the terrain is returning to its natural state and how the habitat has accepted the CPV systems.

scholarly journals Market Structure and Competition in the Indian Microfinance Sector

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 167-181
Author(s):  
Nitin Navin ◽  
Pankaj Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Market Structure ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Microfinance Institutions ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Executive Summary ◽  
Generalized Methods Of Moments ◽  
The Difference

Executive Summary The Indian microfinance sector has experienced fundamental changes in the structure of ownership and management of microfinance institutions (MFIs). The current study seeks to evaluate the competition level of the Indian microfinance sector during the period 2005–2017 and attempts to find the cause-and-effect relationship between concentration and competition. Furthermore, it analyzes the performance of leading MFIs to explore if there is evidence of exploitation of clients by these institutions. The study is the first of its kind with explicit focus on the market structure of the Indian microfinance market. The study uses unbalanced panel data sets generated from the microfinance information exchange (MIX) data source. The representative sample includes firm specific data of 127 MFIs of different legal statuses and sizes. The dynamic equation model is estimated applying the difference generalized methods of moments (GMM). The results of the empirical investigation find a rise in the concentration with a decrease in competition in the Indian microfinance market during recent years. Intense competition in the past and introduction of new regulations in the wake of sectoral crisis are responsible for this transition. High concentration gives large MFI market powers to exploit the customers. However, the study fails to find any evidence of any such exploitation from the conduct of the leading MFIs. The survey highlights the potential connection between the drop in the competitiveness of the sector and the first appearance of new regulations in light of the sectoral crisis. It is imperative that regulators keep a tight vigil on the operations of leading MFIs and take necessary actions to ensure a healthy competitive environment in the sector. Furthermore, existing rules should be modified to help small MFIs as they play a very crucial role in the fulfilment of the primary objective of the microfinance.

Suspended Solids Removal Efficiencies of a Barrier Board that Pre-Treats High-Turbidity Raw Water

2012 ◽  
Vol 253-255 ◽  
pp. 969-974
Author(s):  
Jian Liang Chen ◽  
Yi Kuo Chang ◽  
Chin Hsing Lai ◽  
Yun Hwei Shen
Keyword(s):  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Solids Concentration ◽  
Gravity Settling ◽  
High Turbidity ◽  
Solids Removal

It tends to produce high-turbidity raw water during the initial period of typhoons or storms and affect the operation of the purifying system. In this research, Raw water suspended solids roughly to 5,000-9,000 mg/l, the removal rate can be to about 70%-90 %, and reduced to 800 mg/l or less, 8 ml/s minimum about 100-400 mg/l. Overall, the quality of effluent water with the overflow water height increased removal rate rose gradually reduce the suspended solids concentration, gravity settling and effective appear, especially the section Ⅳ region (40 cm) removal are more than 80 %, flow 100 ml/s to 84 %, compared with I (10 cm) with 100 ml/s for 74 %, with obvious benefits. The overflow height of the flow of 8 ml/s, and suspended solids by the inlet concentration at 7,400 mg/l to 8,700 mg/l, down to the effluent concentrations are below 300 mg/l, which overflow height of 20, 30, and 40 cm can be reduced to below 200 mg/l, showing that gravitational sedimentation can significantly remove the high concentration of suspended solids.

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