Developments in Light Vehicle Life Cycle Analysis With Application to Electric Vehicles

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter S. Curtiss ◽  
Jan F. Kreider
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Data Base ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicles ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Mercury Emissions ◽  
Hybrid Electric ◽  
Total Life

An LCA tool first reported on at the ASME ES conference in 2007 has been expanded and improved as follows: • More than 400 production vehicles from all over the world are now in the data base. • Conventional and renewable liquid and gas fuels are included. • Electric vehicles (EVs) and plug in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) are included along with hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) and conventional internal combustion engine vehicles. • The tool is now web-based. The LCA tool includes both fuel and vehicle life cycle coefficients in its data base. To illustrate the LCA ranking of vehicles using electricity (EVs, PHEVs, and HEVs) vs. conventional vehicles this paper will report on greenhouse gas emissions, total life cycle energy use along with NOx, SOx and mercury emissions. It will be shown, for example, that EVs are not the cleanest solution contrary to claims of various commentators in the popular press and of EV enthusiasts who do not take the entire life cycle into account.

scholarly journals Fuel Economy of Plug-In Hybrid Electric and Hybrid Electric Vehicles: Effects of Vehicle Weight, Hybridization Ratio and Ambient Temperature

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heejung Jung
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicles ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Vehicle Weight ◽  
Hybrid Electric ◽  
Hybridization Ratio

Hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) are evolving rapidly since the introduction of Toyota Prius into the market in 1997. As the world needs more fuel-efficient vehicles to mitigate climate change, the role of HEVs and PHEVs are becoming ever more important. While fuel economies of HEVs and PHEVs are superior to those of internal combustion engine (ICE) powered vehicles, they are partially powered by batteries and therefore they resemble characteristics of battery electric vehicles (BEVs) such as dependence of fuel economy on ambient temperatures. It is also important to understand how different extent of hybridization (a.k.a., hybridization ratio) affects fuel economy under various driving conditions. In addition, it is of interest to understand how HEVs and PHEVs compare with BEVs at a similar vehicle weight. This study investigated the relationship between vehicle mass and vehicle performance parameters, mainly fuel economy and driving range of PHEVs focused on 2018 and 2019 model years using the test data available from fuel economy website of the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Previous studies relied on modeling to understand mass impact on fuel economy for HEV as there were not enough number of HEVs in the market to draw a trendline at the time. The study also investigated the effect of ambient temperature for HEVs and PHEVs and kinetic energy recovery of the regenerative braking using the vehicle testing data for model year 2013 and 2015 from Idaho National Lab (INL). The current study assesses current state-of-art for PHEVs. It also provides analysis of experimental results for validation of vehicle dynamic and other models for PHEVs and HEVs.

Life-cycle private costs of hybrid electric vehicles in the current Chinese market

Energy Policy ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 501-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengtao Lin ◽  
Tian Wu ◽  
Xunmin Ou ◽  
Qian Zhang ◽  
Xu Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicles ◽  
Chinese Market ◽  
Hybrid Electric

scholarly journals Sustainable and Resilient Smart House Using the Internal Combustion Engine of Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (15) ◽  
pp. 6046
Author(s):  
Ahad Abessi ◽  
Elham Shirazi ◽  
Shahram Jadid ◽  
Miadreza Shafie-khah
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicles ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Power Outage ◽  
Vehicle To Grid ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Smart House ◽  
Hybrid Electric

Nowadays, due to the increasing number of disasters, improving distribution system resiliency is a new challenging issue for researchers. One of the main methods for improving the resiliency in distribution systems is to supply critical loads after disasters during the power outage and before system restorations. In this paper, a “Sustainable and resilient smart house” is introduced for the first time by using plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs). PHEVs have the ability to use their fuel for generating electricity in emergency situations as the Vehicle to Grid (V2G) scheme. This ability, besides smart house control management, provides an opportunity for distribution system operators to use their extra energy for supplying a critical load in the system. The proposed control strategy in this paper is dedicated to a short duration power outage, which includes a large percent of the events. Then, improvement of the resiliency of distribution systems is investigated through supplying smart residential customers and injecting extra power to the main grid. A novel formulation is proposed for increasing the injected power of the smart house to the main grid using PHEVs. The effectiveness of the proposed method in increasing power injection during power outages is shown in simulation results.

Analysis on Application of HCCI Technology for Hybrid Electric Vehicles

2011 ◽  
Vol 128-129 ◽  
pp. 803-806 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Wu ◽  
Hong Yuan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engine ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicles ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Effective Solution ◽  
Batch Production ◽  
Technical Problems ◽  
Hybrid Electric

The article introduces HCCI technical characteristics, existing technical problems and characteristics of the hybrid electric vehicles, analyzes application feasibility and advantages of HCCI technology for hybrid electric vehicles and proposes that HCCI technology is an effective solution for the hybrid electric vehicles in increasing economy of internal-combustion engine oil and reducing emissions and further can realize batch production of products.

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