Parametric Studies of Constriction Resistance Effects Upon Solid Oxide Cell Transport Phenomena

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Nelson ◽  
Comas Haynes
Keyword(s):  
Transport Phenomena ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Total Width ◽  
Cell Current ◽  
Parametric Studies ◽  
Current Loading ◽  
Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cells ◽  
Solid Oxide Cell ◽  
Fuel Stream

The competition between mass transfer and electronic resistance effects arising from solid oxide cell interconnect geometry has been initially explored through parametric studies based on a design of experiments (DOE) approach. These studies have demonstrated the advantages of smaller interconnect-fuel stream total width and the increased dominance of mass transport as a limiting factor at low fuel stream hydrogen compositions. In addition to the direct effects of solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) interconnect geometry on mass and electronic transport phenomena, the compounded effects of fuel stream concentration and cell current loading are considered. Finally, the parametric studies conducted for SOFC operation have been applied to the operation of solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOECs). These additional studies have demonstrated that interconnect designs that benefit SOFC performance are mutually beneficial for SOEC performance.

scholarly journals Solid Oxide Cell Microstructural Performance in Hydrogen and Carbon Monoxide Reactant Streams

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zachary K. van Zandt ◽  
George J. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Cell Polarization ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Co2 Gas ◽  
Microstructural Changes ◽  
Pore Sizes ◽  
Gas Streams ◽  
Electrolysis Cells ◽  
Parametric Studies ◽  
Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cells ◽  
Solid Oxide Cell

A distributed charge transfer (DCT) model has been developed to analyze solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) and electrolyzers operating in H2–H2O and CO–CO2 atmospheres. The model couples mass transport based on the dusty-gas model (DGM), ion and electron transport in terms of charged species electrochemical potentials, and electrochemical reactions defined by Butler–Volmer kinetics. The model is validated by comparison to published experimental data, particularly cell polarization curves for both fuel cell and electrolyzer operation. Parametric studies have been performed to compare the effects of microstructure on the performance of SOFCs and solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOECs) operating in H2–H2O and CO–CO2 gas streams. Compared to the H2–H2O system, the power density of the CO–CO2 system shows a greater sensitivity to pore microstructure, characterized by the porosity and tortuosity. Analysis of the pore diameter concurs with the porosity and tortuosity parametric studies that CO–CO2 systems are more sensitive to microstructural changes than H2–H2O systems. However, the concentration losses of the CO–CO2 system are significantly higher than those of the H2–H2O system for the pore sizes analyzed. While both systems can be shown to improve in performance with higher porosity, lower tortuosity, and larger pore sizes, the results of these parametric studies imply that CO–CO2 systems would benefit more from such microstructural changes. These results further suggest that objectives for tailoring microstructure in solid oxide cells (SOCs) operating in CO–CO2 are distinct from objectives for more common H2-focused systems.

scholarly journals Recent advances in solid oxide cell technology for electrolysis

Science ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 370 (6513) ◽  
pp. eaba6118 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Hauch ◽  
R. Küngas ◽  
P. Blennow ◽  
A. B. Hansen ◽  
J. B. Hansen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Synthetic Fuels ◽  
The Past ◽  
Electrolysis Cells ◽  
Fuels And Chemicals ◽  
Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cells ◽  
Conversion Efficiencies ◽  
Solid Oxide Cell

In a world powered by intermittent renewable energy, electrolyzers will play a central role in converting electrical energy into chemical energy, thereby decoupling the production of transport fuels and chemicals from today’s fossil resources and decreasing the reliance on bioenergy. Solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOECs) offer two major advantages over alternative electrolysis technologies. First, their high operating temperatures result in favorable thermodynamics and reaction kinetics, enabling unrivaled conversion efficiencies. Second, SOECs can be thermally integrated with downstream chemical syntheses, such as the production of methanol, dimethyl ether, synthetic fuels, or ammonia. SOEC technology has witnessed tremendous improvements during the past 10 to 15 years and is approaching maturity, driven by advances at the cell, stack, and system levels.

Performance Measurements of Solid-Oxide Electrolysis Cells for Hydrogen Production

2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 156-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. O’Brien ◽  
C. M. Stoots ◽  
J. S. Herring ◽  
P. A. Lessing ◽  
J. J. Hartvigsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Flow ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Cell Performance ◽  
Dew Point ◽  
Performance Measurements ◽  
Electrolysis Cells ◽  
Solid Oxide Electrolysis ◽  
Consumption Rates ◽  
Cell Current ◽  
Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cells

An experimental study has been completed to assess the performance of single solid-oxide electrolysis cells operating over a temperature range of 800 to 900°C. The experiments were performed over a range of steam inlet partial pressures (2.3–12.2 kPa), carrier gas flow rates (50–200 sccm), and current densities (−0.75–0.25A∕cm2) using single electrolyte-supported button cells of scandia-stabilized zirconia. Steam consumption rates associated with electrolysis were measured directly using inlet and outlet dew-point instrumentation. Cell operating potentials and cell current were varied using a programmable power supply and monitored continuously. Values of area-specific resistance and thermal efficiency are presented as a function of current density. Cell performance is shown to be continuous from the fuel-cell mode to the electrolysis mode of operation. The effects of steam starvation and thermal cycling on cell performance parameters are discussed.

Performance Measurements of Solid-Oxide Electrolysis Cells for Hydrogen Production From Nuclear Energy

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. O’Brien ◽  
C. M. Stoots ◽  
J. S. Herring ◽  
P. A. Lessing ◽  
J. J. Hartvigsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Flow ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Cell Performance ◽  
Performance Measurements ◽  
Partial Pressures ◽  
Electrolysis Cells ◽  
Solid Oxide Electrolysis ◽  
Consumption Rates ◽  
Cell Current ◽  
Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cells

An experimental study has been completed to assess the performance of single solid-oxide electrolysis cells operating over a temperature range of 800 to 900°C. The experiments were performed over a range of steam inlet partial pressures (2.3–12.2 kPa), carrier gas flow rates (50–200 sccm), and current densities (−0.75 to 0.25 A/cm2) using single electrolyte-supported button cells of scandia-stabilized zirconia. Steam consumption rates associated with electrolysis were measured directly using inlet and outlet dewpoint instrumentation. Cell operating potentials and cell current were varied using a programmable power supply and monitored continuously. Values of area-specific resistance and thermal efficiency are presented as a function of current density. Cell performance is shown to be continuous from the fuel-cell mode to the electrolysis mode of operation. The effects of steam starvation and thermal cycling on cell performance parameters are discussed.

scholarly journals New Insights into the Degradation Behavior of Air Electrodes during Solid Oxide Electrolysis and Reversible Solid Oxide Cell Operation

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 2000241
Author(s):  
Muhammad Shirjeel Khan ◽  
Xiaoyong Xu ◽  
Ruth Knibbe ◽  
Ateeq ur Rehman ◽  
Zhiheng Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Degradation Behavior ◽  
Solid Oxide Electrolysis ◽  
Solid Oxide Cell ◽  
Reversible Solid Oxide Cell

scholarly journals Development of catalytic combustion and CO2 capture and conversion technology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhibin Yang ◽  
Ze Lei ◽  
Ben Ge ◽  
Xingyu Xiong ◽  
Yiqian Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Catalytic Combustion ◽  
Coal Gasification ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
Electrolysis Cells ◽  
Integrated Gasification ◽  
Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cells ◽  
Sofc Stacks

AbstractChanges are needed to improve the efficiency and lower the CO2 emissions of traditional coal-fired power generation, which is the main source of global CO2 emissions. The integrated gasification fuel cell (IGFC) process, which combines coal gasification and high-temperature fuel cells, was proposed in 2017 to improve the efficiency of coal-based power generation and reduce CO2 emissions. Supported by the National Key R&D Program of China, the IGFC for near-zero CO2 emissions program was enacted with the goal of achieving near-zero CO2 emissions based on (1) catalytic combustion of the flue gas from solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) stacks and (2) CO2 conversion using solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOECs). In this work, we investigated a kW-level catalytic combustion burner and SOEC stack, evaluated the electrochemical performance of the SOEC stack in H2O electrolysis and H2O/CO2 co-electrolysis, and established a multi-scale and multi-physical coupling simulation model of SOFCs and SOECs. The process developed in this work paves the way for the demonstration and deployment of IGFC technology in the future.

scholarly journals Modelling of local mechanical failures in solid oxide cell stacks

2021 ◽  
Vol 293 ◽  
pp. 116901
Author(s):  
Xing-Yuan Miao ◽  
Omid Babaie Rizvandi ◽  
Maria Navasa ◽  
Henrik Lund Frandsen
Keyword(s):  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Solid Oxide Cell

scholarly journals Reversible solid-oxide cell stack based power-to-x-to-power systems: Economic potential evaluated via plant capital-cost target

2021 ◽  
Vol 290 ◽  
pp. 116700
Author(s):  
Yumeng Zhang ◽  
Ningling Wang ◽  
Xiaofeng Tong ◽  
Liqiang Duan ◽  
Tzu-En Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Capital Cost ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Economic Potential ◽  
Solid Oxide Cell ◽  
Reversible Solid Oxide Cell
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