Mathematical Approach to Foresee the Oil Volume Leaked From a Submarine Pipeline in Case of Accident

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renan Martins Baptista ◽  
Ricardo Antonio Francisco Machado ◽  
Marintho Bastos Quadri ◽  
Andre´ Lourenc¸o Nogueira ◽  
Toni Jefferson Lopes
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spills ◽  
Accurate Estimate ◽  
Immiscible Displacement ◽  
Submarine Pipeline ◽  
Continuous Increase ◽  
Oil Leakage ◽  
Oil Exploitation ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
High Standards ◽  
Offshore Oil

Even considering the high standards of safety involved, the significant and continuous increase in offshore oil exploitation rise the risks of a pipeline rupture, leading to oil spills. If an oil leakage occur, it is necessary to accurately quantify the volume released to correctly foresee the potential environmental impacts and define actions to soften them and clean up the oil spill. The present article introduces a mathematical alternative approach, based on the theories of perturbation and unstable immiscible displacement, to evaluate the occurrence or not of oil leakages through the advective migration phenomenon and estimate the oil volume released. According to preliminary results, the model shows to be promising in accurate estimate the oil volume leaked from a submarine pipeline in case of accident.

New Developments for the Description of Oil Leakages by Advective Migration From Submarine Pipelines

2009 ◽  
Vol 131 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Renan Martins Baptista ◽  
Ricardo Antonio Francisco Machado ◽  
Marintho Bastos Quadri ◽  
Ariovaldo Bolzan ◽  
André Lourenço Nogueira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Horizontal Plane ◽  
Immiscible Displacement ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Leakage Detection ◽  
New Developments ◽  
Gravitational Flow ◽  
The Third ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
High Standards ◽  
Good Agreement

The significant growth in offshore operations increases the risk of a pipeline rupture, even considering the high standards of safety involved. Throughout a submarine leakage, four different amounts of oil may be accounted. The first one is the oil volume released until the leakage detection. The second one is the volume leaked throughout mitigation initiatives (e.g., pump shutdown and valve closure). The third parcel is the amount released by gravitational flow. Finally, the fourth and last amount of oil is released due to the water-oil entrainment, generally known as advective migration. Normally, a considerable amount of oil is released in this step. It begins just after the internal pipeline pressure becomes equal to the external one. The present work continues to introduce a mathematical alternative approach, based on the theories of perturbation and unstable immiscible displacement, to accurately estimate the leakage kinetics and the amount of oil released by the advective migration phenomenon. Situations considering different hole sizes and thicknesses were tested experimentally and through simulations. Additional experiments were accomplished using smooth and rough edge surfaces, besides different slopes (using the horizontal plane as reference). Those experiments permitted a preliminary evaluation of the importance of these factors. The results obtained with the model showed good agreement with the experimental data in many situations considered.

New Developments for the Description of Oil Leakages by Advective Migration From Submarine Pipelines

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renan Martins Baptista ◽  
Ricardo Antonio Francisco Machado ◽  
Marintho Bastos Quadri ◽  
Ariovaldi Bolzan ◽  
Andre´ Lourenc¸o Nogueira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Horizontal Plane ◽  
Immiscible Displacement ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Leakage Detection ◽  
New Developments ◽  
Gravitational Flow ◽  
The Third ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
High Standards ◽  
Good Agreement

The significant growing in offshore operations increases the risk of a pipeline rupture, even considering the high standards of safety involved. Throughout a submarine leakage, four different amounts of oil may be accounted. The first one is the oil volume released until the leakage detection. The second one is the volume leaked throughout mitigation initiatives (e.g. pump shut-down and valve closure). The third parcel is the amount released by gravitational flow. Finally, the fourth and last amount of oil is released due to the water-oil entrainment, generally known as advective migration. Normally, a considerable amount of oil is released in this step. It begins just after the internal pipeline pressure becomes equal to the external one. The present work continues to introduce a mathematical alternative approach, based on the theories of perturbation and unstable immiscible displacement, to accurately estimate the leakage kinetics and the amount of oil released by the advective migration phenomenon. Situations considering different holes sizes and thickness were tested experimentally and through simulations. Additional experiments were accomplished using smooth and rough edge surfaces, besides different slopes (using the horizontal plane as reference). Those experiments permitted a preliminary evaluation of the importance of these factors. The results obtained with the model showed good agreement with experimental data in many situations considered.

scholarly journals THE FATE OF TWO LARGE OIL SPILLS IN THE ARABIAN GULF

1983 ◽  
Vol 1983 (1) ◽  
pp. 377-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
William J. Lehr ◽  
Murat S. Belen
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Computer Model ◽  
Trajectory Analysis ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Arabian Gulf ◽  
Oil Field ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Unidentified Source ◽  
Offshore Oil ◽  
Large Sections

ABSTRACT In August and October 1980, two large oil spills occurred in the Arabian Gulf. The first, from an unidentified source, involved about 20,000 barrels of crude oil and impacted the entire north and west coasts of the island nation of Bahrain. The second occurred when the Ron Tapmeyer platform in the Hasbah offshore oil field blew out, releasing an estimated 50,000 barrels of thick crude into the Gulf. The spill subsequently covered large sections of the coastline of Qatar. The fate of the oil from these spills is examined with respect to the unique conditions found in the region. A computer model is used for trajectory analysis of the spills and hypothesizing the possible origin of the first spill. Methods of cleanup and problems with the weathered oil are mentioned. The environmental damage caused by the Bahrain spill is assessed.

scholarly journals Role of Phytochemicals in Cancer Prevention

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (20) ◽  
pp. 4981 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alok Ranjan ◽  
Sharavan Ramachandran ◽  
Nehal Gupta ◽  
Itishree Kaushik ◽  
Stephen Wright ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Cancer Chemoprevention ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Chemopreventive Agents ◽  
Continuous Increase ◽  
Natural Agents ◽  
Anticancer Effects ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
High Risk Populations

The use of synthetic, natural, or biological agents to minimize the occurrence of cancer in healthy individuals is defined as cancer chemoprevention. Chemopreventive agents inhibit the development of cancer either by impeding DNA damage, which leads to malignancy or by reversing or blocking the division of premalignant cells with DNA damage. The benefit of this approach has been demonstrated in clinical trials of breast, prostate, and colon cancer. The continuous increase in cancer cases, failure of conventional chemotherapies to control cancer, and excessive toxicity of chemotherapies clearly demand an alternative approach. The first trial to show benefit of chemoprevention was undertaken in breast cancer patients with the use of tamoxifen, which demonstrated a significant decrease in invasive breast cancer. The success of using chemopreventive agents for protecting the high risk populations from cancer indicates that the strategy is rational and promising. Dietary components such as capsaicin, cucurbitacin B, isoflavones, catechins, lycopenes, benzyl isothiocyanate, phenethyl isothiocyanate, and piperlongumine have demonstrated inhibitory effects on cancer cells indicating that they may serve as chemopreventive agents. In this review, we have addressed the mechanism of chemopreventive and anticancer effects of several natural agents.

scholarly journals Blowout Accident Impact Analysis Method for the Siting of Offshore Floating Nuclear Power Plant in Offshore Oil Fields

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Zhigang Lan
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Impact Analysis ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Oil Field ◽  
Oil Fields ◽  
Offshore Oil ◽  
The Impact

Focused on the utilization of nuclear energy in offshore oil fields, the correspondence between various hazards caused by blowout accidents (including associated, secondary, and derivative hazards) and the initiating events that may lead to accidents of offshore floating nuclear power plant (OFNPP) is established. The risk source, risk characteristics, risk evolution, and risk action mode of blowout accidents in offshore oil fields are summarized and analyzed. The impacts of blowout accident in offshore oil field on OFNPP are comprehensively analyzed, including injection combustion and spilled oil combustion induced by well blowout, drifting and explosion of deflagration vapor clouds formed by well blowouts, seawater pollution caused by blowout oil spills, the toxic gas cloud caused by well blowout, and the impact of mobile fire source formed by a burning oil spill on OFNPP at sea. The preliminary analysis methods and corresponding procedures are established for the impact of blowout accidents on offshore floating nuclear power plants in offshore oil fields, and a calculation example is given in order to further illustrate the methods.

Corrosion behavior of steel in Chengdao offshore oil exploitation area

2004 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 305-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Li ◽  
B. Hou ◽  
H. Li ◽  
J. Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Behavior ◽  
Oil Exploitation ◽  
Offshore Oil
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