Damage to Oil Tanks Caused by Severe Strong Ground Motion due to the 2018 Hokkaido, Japan Iburi-Tobu Earthquake (Mw6.6)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken Hatayama ◽  
Haruki Nishi ◽  
Masahiko Hayashi ◽  
Koya Tokutake
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Strong Ground Motion ◽  
Source Region ◽  
Large Earthquake ◽  
Storage Tanks ◽  
Oil Storage ◽  
Shell Plate ◽  
Oil Tanks ◽  
Strong Ground

Abstract Damage and influences to oil tanks caused by severe strong ground motion due to a large earthquake (Mw6.6) that occurred in the district of Iburi-tobu, Hokkaido, Japan on September 6, 2018 are reported in this paper. In the vicinity of the seismic source region, two large-scale crude-oil storage bases are located. The neighboring two bases had in total 86 large oil storage tanks with a capacity of 115,000 m3. The oil storage bases were hit by strong ground motion with peak ground accelerations of 590 to 1,570 cm/s2 and with peak ground velocities of 50 to 80 cm/s. Shell plates of a small bunker A tank with a capacity of 306 m3 suffered diamond buckling and elephant-foot buckling. No large oil storage tanks lost their function of oil storage despite of the severe strong ground motion. However, most of them splashed oil from the gap between the floating roof and the shell plate, and many of them had damage to their pontoons, gauge poles, guide poles, rolling ladders, liquid-level meters, and shoulders of foundation. One of the 115,000-m3-in-capacity tanks was equipped with a displacement gauge system to measure uplift of the bottom of the shell plate from the shoulder of tank foundation. The system recorded a maximum uplift of 4.4 cm. This is the world’s first record of uplift of a large tank caused by a natural earthquake.

Long-period Strong Ground Motion and Damage to Oil Storage Tanks Due to the 2003 Tokachi-oki Earthquake

2004 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken HATAYAMA ◽  
Shinsaku ZAMA ◽  
Haruki NISHI ◽  
Minoru YAMADA ◽  
Yoshihiro HIROKAWA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Strong Ground Motion ◽  
Storage Tanks ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Oil Storage ◽  
Strong Ground

The Simulation of Strong Ground Motion Using Empirical Green Function and Stochastic Method for Southern Taiwan Area

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsung-Jen Teng ◽  
Pei-Ting Chen ◽  
Ting-Wei Chang ◽  
Yuan-Sen Yang ◽  
Chien-Kuo Chiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Green Function ◽  
Ground Motion ◽  
Strong Ground Motion ◽  
Ground Motions ◽  
Large Earthquake ◽  
Green Function Method ◽  
Strong Ground Motions ◽  
Empirical Green Function ◽  
Southern Taiwan ◽  
Strong Ground

This study presents strong ground motion simulation methods for the future fragility study of a power plant in Southern Taiwan. The modified stochastic method and empirical Green function method are utilized to synthesize the strong ground motions of specific events. A modified physical random function model of strong ground motions for specific sites and events is presented in this study with verification of sample level. Based on the special models of the source, path, and local site, the random variables of the physical random function of strong ground motions is obtained. The inverse Fourier transform is used to simulate strong ground motions. For the empirical Green function method, the observed site records from small earthquake events occurring around the source area of a large earthquake are collected to simulate the broadband strong ground motion from a large earthquake event. Finally, an application of proposed two simulated methods of this study for simulating the ground motion records of Nishi-Akashi Station at 1995 Kobe earthquake and 2006 Southern Taiwan PingDong earthquake are presented.

231 Long-Period Strong Ground Motion at the Oil Storage Tank Sites Damaged due to the 1999 Chi-Chi Earthquake in Taiwan

2001 ◽  
Vol 2001.14 (0) ◽  
pp. 185-186
Author(s):  
Shoichi YOSHIDA ◽  
Shinsaku ZAMA ◽  
Minoru YAMADA ◽  
Kazuo ISHIDA ◽  
Takayasu TAHARA
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Storage Tank ◽  
Strong Ground Motion ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Oil Storage ◽  
Oil Storage Tank ◽  
Strong Ground

Development of Fragility Curve Considering Aging of Oil Storage Tanks and Its Application to Risk Assessment of Industrial Complexes

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshihisa Murakami ◽  
Toshiro Yamase ◽  
Shinsaku Zama ◽  
Yoshihiro Hirokawa ◽  
Haruki Nishi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Plate Thickness ◽  
Fragility Curve ◽  
Disaster Prevention ◽  
Storage Tanks ◽  
Oil Storage ◽  
Major Disaster ◽  
Industrial Complexes ◽  
Shell Plate ◽  
Oil Tanks

The industrial oil complexes in Japan have been taking various countermeasures for prevention and reduction of disaster based on the regulations. Nevertheless, we cannot deny the possibility of breakout of severe disaster such as leakage of oil, fire, and explosion due to aging facilities, wrong operations, earthquakes and so on. Therefore, municipalities having industrial complexes are required to develop disaster prevention plans and to devise effective disaster prevention schemes. In order to effectively do that, Japan Fire and Disaster Management Agency has shown the guideline to appropriately implement risk assessment of industrial complexes for both in usual and during an earthquake based on the event tree analysis. Especially during an earthquake, the buckling of shell plate of an oil tank by strong ground motions brings the major disaster, because it is highly possible that the buckling breaks out in the vicinity of the bottom and a total quantity of oil outflows. Yamase (2006) proposed a fragility curve for the buckling of shell plate and applied it to the risk evaluation of oil tanks in Hokkaido District, northern part of Japan. However, the fragility curve was built based on only the design shell thickness data of the oil tanks in Kobe City, and the influence of aging deterioration was not considered. Then, we collected the data such as the shell plate thickness, height, diameter, and elapsed time from construction of several hundred oil tanks, and calculated the corrosion speed of the shell plates to consider the influence of aging deterioration of oil storage tanks, and newly developed a fragility curve from these data. As a result, the improved fragility curve leads to the several percent larger in the buckling outbreak probability for oil tanks built scores of years ago.

scholarly journals A technique for simulating strong ground motion using hybrid Green's function

1998 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 357-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsuhiro Kamae ◽  
Kojiro Irikura ◽  
Arben Pitarka
Keyword(s):  
Green’S Function ◽  
Ground Motion ◽  
Green's Function ◽  
Green's Functions ◽  
Strong Ground Motion ◽  
Green’S Functions ◽  
Ground Motions ◽  
Large Earthquake ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Strong Ground

Abstract A method for simulating strong ground motion for a large earthquake based on synthetic Green's function is presented. We use the synthetic motions of a small event as Green's functions instead of observed records of small events. Ground motions from small events are calculated using a hybrid scheme combining deterministic and stochastic approaches. The long-period motions from the small events are deterministically calculated using the 3D finite-difference method, whereas the high-frequency motions from them are stochastically simulated using Boore's method. The small-event motions are synthesized summing the long-period and short-period motions after passing them through a pair of matched filters to follow the omega-squared source model. We call the resultant time series “hybrid Green's functions” (HGF). Ground motions from a large earthquake are simulated by following the empirical Green's function (EGF) method. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the method at simulating ground motion from the 1995 Hyogo-ken Nanbu earthquake (Mw 6.9).

Building a Real Time System for Evaluating Oil Storage Tank Damage Due to Earthquakes in Petroleum Stockpiling Bases

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinsaku Zama ◽  
Makoto Endo ◽  
Ken Hatayama ◽  
Shoichi Yoshida ◽  
Kazuma Kawano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Vertical Component ◽  
Large Earthquake ◽  
Soil Amplification ◽  
Storage Tanks ◽  
Seismic Record ◽  
Seismic Capacity ◽  
Real Time System ◽  
Oil Storage ◽  
Emergency Responses

It will be difficult to prevent the damage of oil storage tanks caused by a large earthquake even if extreme care has been exercised. Therefore, rational emergency responses will be required for preventing expansion into secondary disaster. In this paper, we propose a system that can estimate ground motion distribution in a whole of petroleum stockpiling base using a seismic record and evaluate damage of oil storage tanks just after an earthquake in order to support rational emergency responses. Spectral ratios of horizontal and vertical component of microtremors were used for evaluation of relative surface soil amplification. The system can assess the hazard for circumferential shell stress, axial shell stress, seismic capacity and liquid sloshing wave height immediately using the ground motion at each tank site estimated from both the relative soil amplification factors and a seismic record at a petroleum stockpiling base just after a large earthquake.

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