Phenomenological Models of Solid State Actuators for Network Based System Modelling

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johannes Ziske ◽  
Fabian Ehle ◽  
Holger Neubert
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Shape Memory Alloys ◽  
Shape Memory ◽  
Smart Materials ◽  
Magnetic Flux Density ◽  
System Modelling ◽  
Magnetic Shape Memory ◽  
Magnetic Shape Memory Alloys ◽  
Design And Optimization ◽  
Highly Nonlinear

Smart materials, such as thermal or magnetic shape memory alloys, provide interesting characteristics for new solid state actuators. However, their behavior is highly nonlinear and determined by strong hysteresis effects. This complex behavior must be adequately considered in simulation models which can be applied for efficient actuator design and optimization. We present a new phenomenological lumped element model for magnetic shape memory alloys (MSM). The model takes into account the two-dimensional hysteresis of the magnetic field induced strain as a function of both the compressive stress and the magnetic flux density. It is implemented in Modelica. The model bases on measured limiting hysteresis surfaces which are material specific. An extended Tellinen hysteresis modeling approach is used to calculate inner hysteresis trajectories in between the limiting surfaces. The developed model provides sufficient accuracy with low computational effort compared to finite element models. Thus, it is well suited for system design and optimization based on network models. This is demonstrated with exemplary models of MSM based actuators. System models and simulation results are shown and evaluated for different topologies.

Experiments and Modeling of the Magneto-Mechanical Response of Magnetic Shape Memory Alloys

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heidi P. Feigenbaum ◽  
Constantin Ciocanel
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Shape Memory Alloys ◽  
Shape Memory ◽  
Constant Magnetic Field ◽  
Mechanical Response ◽  
Magnetic Flux Density ◽  
Magnetic Shape Memory ◽  
Magnetic Shape Memory Alloys ◽  
Power Harvesting ◽  
Axial Compressive Stress

Magnetic shape memory alloys (MSMAs) are relatively new materials that exhibit a magnetic shape memory effect as a result of the rearrangement of martensitic variants under the influence of magnetic fields. Due to the MSMAs newness there is limited understanding of their magneto-mechanical behavior. This work presents experimental and modeling results of MSMAs for cases in which the material is loaded and unloaded in uniaxial compression in the presence of a constant magnetic field. The experiments are performed with the magnetic field applied perpendicular and at an angle to the mechanical loading axis. During the loading and unloading process, the evolution of the magnetic flux density is monitored to assess the potential of these materials for power harvesting applications. The modeling is based on the thermodynamic approach proposed by Kiefer and Lagoudas [1]. This model was modified and calibrated to reproduce material response under biaxial constant magnetic field and variable uni-axial compressive stress. Comparing the experimental and simulated results, one can recognize that further work is needed to improve the model.

scholarly journals Magnetic Shape Memory Alloys as smart materials for micro-positioning devices

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 75 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Hubert ◽  
N. Calchand ◽  
Y. Le Gorrec ◽  
J.-Y. Gauthier
Keyword(s):  
Shape Memory Alloys ◽  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Shape Memory ◽  
Smart Materials ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Good Precision ◽  
Magnetic Shape Memory ◽  
Magnetic Shape Memory Alloys ◽  
Energy Conversion Process ◽  
Positioning Devices

In the field of microrobotics, actuators based on smart materials are predominant because of very good precision, integration capabilities and high compactness. This paper presents the main characteristics of Magnetic Shape Memory Alloys as new candidates for the design of micromechatronic devices. The thermo-magneto-mechanical energy conversion process is first presented followed by the adequate modeling procedure required to design actuators. Finally, some actuators prototypes realized at the Femto-ST institute are presented, including a push-pull bidirectional actuator. Some results on the control and performances of these devices conclude the paper.

Magnetic Shape Memory Alloys Modelling and Pneumatic Applications

2016 ◽  
Vol 248 ◽  
pp. 235-242
Author(s):  
Stanisław Flaga ◽  
Amadeusz Nowak ◽  
Frederik Stefański ◽  
Bartosz Minorowicz
Keyword(s):  
Shape Memory Alloys ◽  
Shape Memory ◽  
Smart Materials ◽  
Smart Material ◽  
Magnetic Shape Memory ◽  
Magnetic Shape Memory Alloys ◽  
External Stimulation ◽  
Magnetic Shape Memory Alloy ◽  
Return Spring ◽  
Hydraulic Valves

Very generally material science could be divided into two groups: scientists who try to invent new materials or improve existing ones and those who work on finding the best applications for the modern materials. Among them there is group named “smart materials” or “active materials”, which have ability to change theirs properties according to the external stimulation. One of the relatively most recent smart material is magnetic shape memory alloy, MSMA in abbreviation. The authors of the article focus on testing samples of this material and try to adapt them to use in fluid devices. The paper mentions about some most interesting valves’ designs equipped with smart materials and summaries the previous MSMA research of the authors. It begins with literature overview of smart material applications in pneumatic or hydraulic valves. There is only one example of MSMA application in valve, therefore the overview concerns mainly the use of piezoelectric, thermal shape memory alloys and giant magnetostrictive materials. Next section describes general properties of the magnetic shape memory alloys and underlines the differences between more widely known Thermal Shape Memory Alloys and MSMA materials. One of the most important property is wide, nonsymmetrical hysteresis in static characteristics of the material, which can be seen as advantage or disadvantage, depending on the application. The material preserves its shape until perpendicular magnetic field or additional force appear. The authors mention about modeling MSMA hysteresis aspect. Three different hysteresis models were briefly described: Generalized Prandtl-Ischlinski, Preisach and Krasnosel'skii-Pokrovskii. The last section treats about the current MSMA based valve design concept. It assumes usage of two identical pieces of MSMA materials and energize them oppositely. There is flapper mounted between MSMA samples, which displacement depends on the MSMA elongations. This actuator type is called “push-push” type. Lack of the return spring result in remaining of the flapper in its final position after decreasing of the supply current. The advantage of the solution could be lowering energy consumption of the valve, when the valve setting changes relatively rare during its work. In the future, the presented hysteresis models could improve the work of such MSMA based valve.

scholarly journals Neutron Scattering as a Powerful Tool to Investigate Magnetic Shape Memory Alloys: A Review

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 829
Author(s):  
Natalia A. Río-López ◽  
Patricia Lázpita ◽  
Daniel Salazar ◽  
Viktor I. Petrenko ◽  
Fernando Plazaola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neutron Diffraction ◽  
Shape Memory Alloys ◽  
Neutron Scattering ◽  
Shape Memory ◽  
Smart Materials ◽  
Inelastic Neutron Scattering ◽  
Magnetic Shape Memory ◽  
Magnetic Shape Memory Alloys ◽  
Elastic Neutron ◽  
Wide Range

Magnetic shape memory alloys (MSMAs) are an interesting class of smart materials characterized by undergoing macroscopic deformations upon the application of a pertinent stimulus: temperature, stress and/or external magnetic fields. Since the deformation is rapid and contactless, these materials are being extensively investigated for a plethora of applications, such as sensors and actuators for the medical, automotive and space industries, energy harvesting and damping devices, among others. These materials also exhibit a giant magnetocaloric effect, whereby they are very promising for magnetic refrigeration. The applications in which they can be used are extremely dependent on the material properties, which are, in turn, greatly conditioned by the structure, atomic ordering and magnetism of a material. Particularly, exploring the material structure is essential in order to push forward the current application limitations of the MSMAs. Among the wide range of available characterization tools, neutron scattering techniques stand out in acquiring advanced knowledge about the structure and magnetism of these alloys. Throughout this manuscript, a comprehensive review about the characterization of MSMAs using neutron techniques is presented. Several elastic neutron scattering techniques will be explained and exemplified, covering neutron imaging techniques—such as radiography, tomography and texture diffractometry; diffraction techniques—magnetic (polarized neutron) diffraction, powder neutron diffraction and single crystal neutron diffraction, reflectometry and small angle neutron scattering. This will be complemented with a few examples where inelastic neutron scattering has been employed to obtain information about the phonon dispersion in MSMAs.

Effects of Annealing on Microstructure and Martensitic Transition of Ni-Mn-Co-In Ferromagnetic Shape Memory Alloys

2011 ◽  
Vol 674 ◽  
pp. 171-175
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Bałdys ◽  
Grzegorz Dercz ◽  
Łukasz Madej
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Shape Memory Alloys ◽  
Shape Memory ◽  
Smart Materials ◽  
Martensitic Transition ◽  
Magnetic Shape Memory ◽  
Ferromagnetic Shape Memory Alloys ◽  
Initial State ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ferromagnetic Shape Memory

The ferromagnetic shape memory alloys (FSMA) are relatively the brand new smart materials group. The most interesting issue connected with FSMA is magnetic shape memory, which gives a possibility to achieve relatively high strain (over 8%) caused by magnetic field. In this paper the effect of annealing on the microstructure and martensitic transition on Ni-Mn-Co-In ferromagnetic shape memory alloy has been studied. The alloy was prepared by melting of 99,98% pure Ni, 99,98% pure Mn, 99,98% pure Co, 99,99% pure In. The chemical composition, its homogeneity and the alloy microstructure were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The phase composition was also studied by X-ray analysis. The transformation course and characteristic temperatures were determined by the use of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and magnetic balance techniques. The results show that Tc of the annealed sample was found to decrease with increasing the annealing temperature. The Ms and Af increases with increasing annealing temperatures and showed best results in 1173K. The studied alloy exhibits a martensitic transformation from a L21 austenite to a martensite phase with a 7-layer (14M) and 5-layer (10M) modulated structure. The lattice constants of the L21 (a0) structure determined by TEM and X-ray analysis in this alloy were a0=0,4866. The TEM observation exhibit that the studied alloy in initial state has bigger accumulations of 10M and 14M structures as opposed from the annealed state.

The effect of heat treatments on Ni43Mn42Co4Sn11 meta-magnetic shape memory alloys for magnetic refrigeration

2014 ◽  
Vol 74 ◽  
pp. 66-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nickolaus M. Bruno ◽  
Cengiz Yegin ◽  
Ibrahim Karaman ◽  
Jing-Han Chen ◽  
Joseph H. Ross ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shape Memory Alloys ◽  
Shape Memory ◽  
Magnetic Refrigeration ◽  
Heat Treatments ◽  
Magnetic Shape Memory ◽  
Magnetic Shape Memory Alloys
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