Kinetics of photo processes in dye molecules and the resolution ofa two-photon excitation fluorescence microscope with nanosecond laser

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
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Valery S. Ivanov ◽  
Niko Meltola ◽  
Pekka E. Hanninen ◽  
Erkki J. Soini
2003 ◽  
Vol 105 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pekka Hänninen ◽  
Matti Waris ◽  
Mika Kettunen ◽  
Erkki Soini

2006 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberley S. Samkoe ◽  
Matthew S. Fecica ◽  
Rebecca L. Goyan ◽  
Jennifer L. Buchholz ◽  
Chantel Campbell ◽  
...  

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Ke Huang ◽  
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Jinbo Liu ◽  
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...  

Laser Physics ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 1400-1410
Author(s):  
S. A. Magnitskiy ◽  
N. M. Nagorskiy ◽  
V. M. Kozenkov

1985 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
pp. 2186-2190 ◽  
Author(s):  
James S. Horwitz ◽  
Bryan E. Kohler ◽  
Thomas A. Spiglanin

Author(s):  
David W. Piston ◽  
Brian D. Bennett ◽  
Robert G. Summers

Two-photon excitation microscopy (TPEM) provides attractive advantages over confocal microscopy for three-dimensionally resolved fluorescence imaging and photochemistry. Two-photon excitation arises from the simultaneous absorption of two photons in a single quantitized event whose probability is proportional to the square of the instantaneous intensity. For example, two red photons can cause the transition to an excited electronic state normally reached by absorption in the ultraviolet. In practice, two-photon excitation is made possible by the very high local instantaneous intensity provided by a combination of diffraction-limited focusing of a single laser beam in the microscope and the temporal concentration of 100 femtosecond pulses generated by a mode-locked laser. Resultant peak excitation intensities are 106 times greater than the CW intensities used in confocal microscopy, but the pulse duty cycle of 10-5 maintains the average input power on the order of 10 mW, only slightly greater than the power normally used in confocal microscopy.


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