An Historical Analysis of the Professional Master’s Degree in Physical Education in the United States

1972 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-68
Author(s):  
Earle F. Zeigler
Author(s):  
Jim Graham ◽  
Marolo Alfaro

The Canadian Engineering Accreditation Board directs undergraduate programs towards a broadly based education in engineering. Employers accept the need for a broad education but also want young engineers to have specialist training for practice. These very different requirements appear at first sight to be in conflict. In the United States and Europe, but not yet in Canada, licensing bodies are moving towards requiring a master’s degree or equivalent for licensing. Companies that engage in international projects are concerned they may be unable to compete if other countries require master’s degrees for licensing, while Canada does not. Universities should develop broad educational undergraduate programs that can actually be completed in four years in principal areas like civil, electrical, mechanical engineering. Additional effort should be directed towards specialist master’s programs that provide training for employability.


Author(s):  
K D Stephen

Industry, universities and polytechnics in the UK are becoming aware of the benefits and extent of use being made of distance learning video courses (DLVCs) by their competitors in other countries. In the United States these courses for engineers, scientists and technical managers are now being distributed for credit towards a master's degree by satellite as well as by cassette. Experience in the UK using cassettes and the tutored video instruction (TVI) methodology has shown that the system, when used sensibly, is very cost effective and has several advantages when compared with traditional methods. Grants are now available in the UK to promote the production and use of DLVCs—but rate of adoption depends partly on the attitudes of top management.


2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 186-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bobby Bellflower ◽  
Wendy Likes

Nurse practitioner preparation and education, while evolving, still remains at a crossroads. In a recent article by Mundinger and Carter, a timeline and analysis of the number of Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) programs in the United States clearly demonstrated that since inception of the DNP degree, 85% of DNP programs are nonclinical. Many of the nonclinical programs in leadership and administration do not require additional clinical preparation beyond the bachelor’s or master’s degree in nursing. Thus, registered nurses and advanced practice registered nurses (APRNs) may obtain a DNP degree without additional clinical skill preparation beyond a baccalaureate or master’s degree, respectively. Several aspects of the nonclinical DNP are concerning. Among the most challenging issues that nonclinical DNPs present is confusion on the part of other health care providers and the public. The relatively low number of clinically focused DNP programs is also problematic. If we do not prepare APRNs at the clinical doctoral level, then other providers such as physician assistants will meet the health care needs of the community. The future of APRNs could be threatened, especially in primary care.


2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-82
Author(s):  
Chloe Dufour

Some academic librarians within Pennsylvania and across the United States have been granted faculty status by their institutions. With this status comes the expectation that librarians will contribute scholarship to their discipline. However, with many librarians holding only a master’s degree, there is the likelihood that they lack the requisite skills to engage in research. On top of this, multiple studies have shown that librarians feel they lack the time to pursue scholarship on top of their typical job duties. This commentary discusses how these barriers create stress for librarians, hurts their scholarly pursuits, and how the current culture in academia may play a role in it.


1989 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Auman Reed

This paper examines the magnitude of the reporting bias inherent in the historical cost accounting of a firm's physical capital. Reported depreciation data pertaining to U.S. Steel Corporation (currently USX) between 1939 and 1987 are compared with standardized historical cost figures and replacement cost estimates. The findings suggest that replacement cost depreciation would have provided more information about U.S. Steel's ability to maintain its productive capacity than historical cost depreciation did. Thus, this analysis provides an illustration of one of the primary arguments for replacement cost accounting.


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