Development of Laterality and Bimanual Interference of Fine Motor Movements in Childhood and Adolescence

Motor Control ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 587-615
Author(s):  
Brenda Carolina Nájera Chávez ◽  
Stefan Mark Rueckriegel ◽  
Roland Burghardt ◽  
Pablo Hernáiz Driever
Keyword(s):  
Task Complexity ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Hand Movement ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Nondominant Hand ◽  
Hand Laterality ◽  
Drawing Tasks ◽  
Movement Parameters ◽  
Bimanual Interference

Drawing and handwriting are fine motor skills acquired during childhood. We analyzed the development of laterality by comparing the performance of the dominant with the nondominant hand and the effect of bimanual interference in kinematic hand movement parameters (speed, automation, variability, and pressure). Healthy subjects (n = 187, 6–18 years) performed drawing tasks with both hands on a digitizing tablet followed by performance in the presence of an interfering task of the nondominant hand. Age correlated positively with speed, automation, and pressure, and negatively with variability for both hands. As task complexity increased, differences between both hands were less pronounced. Playing an instrument had a positive effect on the nondominant hand. Speed and automation showed a strong association with lateralization. Bimanual interference was associated with an increase of speed and variability. Maturation of hand laterality and the extent of bimanual interference in fine motor tasks are age-dependent processes.

Laterality, bimanual interference and short-term motor learning of fine motor movements in childhood and adolescence

2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
P Hernáiz Driever ◽  
R Burghardt ◽  
A Bierbaum ◽  
S Hager ◽  
S Rückriegel
Keyword(s):  
Motor Learning ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Motor Movements ◽  
Bimanual Interference

Influence of age and movement complexity on kinematic hand movement parameters in childhood and adolescence

2008 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 655-663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Mark Rueckriegel ◽  
Friederike Blankenburg ◽  
Roland Burghardt ◽  
Stefan Ehrlich ◽  
Günter Henze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hand Movement ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Movement Complexity ◽  
Movement Parameters

Dynamical Organization of Directional Tuning in the Primate Premotor and Primary Motor Cortex

2003 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 1136-1142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoram Ben-Shaul ◽  
Eran Stark ◽  
Itay Asher ◽  
Rotem Drori ◽  
Zoltan Nadasdy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Cortex ◽  
Primary Motor Cortex ◽  
Hand Movement ◽  
Movement Direction ◽  
Cortical Surface ◽  
Preferred Direction ◽  
Preparation Period ◽  
Direction Of Movement ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Movement Parameters

Although previous studies have shown that activity of neurons in the motor cortex is related to various movement parameters, including the direction of movement, the spatial pattern by which these parameters are represented is still unresolved. The current work was designed to study the pattern of representation of the preferred direction (PD) of hand movement over the cortical surface. By studying pairwise PD differences, and by applying a novel implementation of the circular variance during preparation and movement periods in the context of a center-out task, we demonstrate a nonrandom distribution of PDs over the premotor and motor cortical surface of two monkeys. Our analysis shows that, whereas PDs of units recorded by nonadjacent electrodes are not more similar than expected by chance, PDs of units recorded by adjacent electrodes are. PDs of units recorded by a single electrode display the greatest similarity. Comparison of PD distributions during preparation and movement reveals that PDs of nearby units tend to be more similar during the preparation period. However, even for pairs of units recorded by a single electrode, the mean PD difference is typically large (45° and 75° during preparation and movement, respectively), so that a strictly modular representation of hand movement direction over the cortical surface is not supported by our data.

Response Patterns in Second Somatosensory Cortex (SII) of Awake Monkeys to Passively Applied Tactile Gratings

2000 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 780-797 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Pruett ◽  
R. J. Sinclair ◽  
H. Burton
Keyword(s):  
Somatosensory Cortex ◽  
Hand Movement ◽  
Scanning Speed ◽  
Random Force ◽  
Groove Width ◽  
Hand Position ◽  
Sample Population ◽  
Firing Rates ◽  
Passive Touch ◽  
Movement Parameters

This experiment explored the effects of controlled manipulations of three parameters of tactile gratings, groove width (1.07–2.53 mm), contact force (30–90 g), and scanning speed (40–120 mm/s), on the responses of cells in second somatosensory cortex (SII) of awake monkeys that were performing a groove-width classification task with passively presented stimuli. A previous experiment involving an active touch paradigm demonstrated that macaque SII cells code groove-width and hand-movement parameters in their average firing rates. The present study used a passive-touch protocol to remove somatosensory activation related to hand movements that accompany haptic exploration of surfaces. Monkeys maintained a constant hand position while a robotic device delivered stimulation with tactile gratings to a single stabilized finger pad. Single-unit recordings isolated 216 neurons that were retrospectively assigned to SII on histological criteria. Firing patterns for 86 of these SII cells were characterized in detail, while monkeys classified gratings as rough (1.90 and 2.53 mm groove widths) or smooth (1.07 and 1.42 mm groove widths), with trial-wise random, parametric manipulation of force or speed; the monkeys compared 1.07 versus 1.90 mm and 1.42 versus 2.53 mm in alternating blocks of trials. We studied 33 cells with systematic variation of groove width and force, 49 with groove width and speed, and four with all three variables. Sixty-three cells were sensitive to groove width, 43 to force (effects of random force in speed experiments contributed to N), and 34 to speed. Relatively equal numbers of cells changed mean firing rates as positive or negative functions of increasing groove width, force, and/or speed. Cells typically changed mean firing rates for two or three of the independent variables. Effects of groove width, force, and speed were additive or interactive. The variety of response functions was similar to that found in a prior study of primary somatosensory cortex (SI) that used passive touch. The SII sample population showed correlated changes (both positive and negative) in firing rates with increasing groove width and force and to a lesser degree, with increasing groove width and speed. This correlation is consistent with human psychophysical studies that found increasing groove width and force increase perceived roughness magnitude, and it strengthens the argument for SII's direct involvement in roughness perception.

scholarly journals Starting strong: Dietary, behavioral, and environmental factors that promote “strength” from conception to age 2 years

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (10) ◽  
pp. 1066-1070
Author(s):  
Robert Murray
Keyword(s):  
Life Stage ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Tissue Growth ◽  
Cognitive Capacity ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Epigenetic Factors ◽  
Free Exploration ◽  
Socioemotional Skills ◽  
The Brain

Beginning with conception and continuing through childhood and adolescence, the word “strength” connotes the totality of optimal early bone and tissue growth; neural wiring of the brain; and acquisition of fine motor, gross motor, language, and socioemotional skills. The robustness of each of these attributes depend on 3 critical epigenetic (external) factors: the quality of nutrition; positive adult nurturing; and experiences acquired within a stimulating, safe environment that affords free exploration. This review highlights the relationship between the epigenetic factors in the period of conception to age 2 years and a child’s future health, cognitive capacity, and social aptitude, which collectively comprise their “strength”. This paper was presented as part of the 2018 Strength Summit conference entitled, The Role of Strength in Optimal Health and Well-being. Novelty Strength in infants signifies the totality of optimal early growth and neural wiring of the brain. Strength at this life stage also includes the acquisition of motor, language, and socioemotional skills. Three epigenetic factors are critical during birth to 24 months: nutrition, nurturing, and free exploration.

scholarly journals Primary Motor Cortex Excitability Is Modulated During the Mental Simulation of Hand Movement

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Hyde ◽  
Ian Fuelscher ◽  
Jarrad A.G. Lum ◽  
Jacqueline Williams ◽  
Jason He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Cortex ◽  
Primary Motor Cortex ◽  
Motor Evoked Potentials ◽  
Hand Movement ◽  
Single Pulse ◽  
Stimulus Presentation ◽  
Mental Simulation ◽  
Right Hand ◽  
Hand Laterality ◽  
Motor Cortex Excitability

AbstractObjectives:It is unclear whether the primary motor cortex (PMC) is involved in the mental simulation of movement [i.e., motor imagery (MI)]. The present study aimed to clarify PMC involvement using a highly novel adaptation of the hand laterality task (HLT).Methods:Participants were administered single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to the hand area of the left PMC (hPMC) at either 50 ms, 400 ms, or 650 ms post stimulus presentation. Motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) were recorded from the right first dorsal interosseous via electromyography. To avoid the confound of gross motor response, participant response (indicating left or right hand) was recorded via eye tracking. Participants were 22 healthy adults (18 to 36 years), 16 whose behavioral profile on the HLT was consistent with the use of a MI strategy (MI users).Results:hPMC excitability increased significantly during HLT performance for MI users, evidenced by significantly larger right hand MEPs following single-pulse TMS 50 ms, 400 ms, and 650 ms post stimulus presentation relative to baseline. Subsequent analysis showed that hPMC excitability was greater for more complex simulated hand movements, where hand MEPs at 50 ms were larger for biomechanically awkward movements (i.e., hands requiring lateral rotation) compared to simpler movements (i.e., hands requiring medial rotation).Conclusions:These findings provide support for the modulation of PMC excitability during the HLT attributable to MI, and may indicate a role for the PMC during MI. (JINS, 2017,23, 185–193)

scholarly journals Interaksi 3D Sensor Leap Motion untuk Menggenggam Benda Virtual

CYCLOTRON ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukman Hakim ◽  
Surya Sumpeno ◽  
Supeno Mardi Susiki Nugroho
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Hand Movement ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Motion Sensor ◽  
Motion Sensors ◽  
Leap Motion ◽  
3D Interaction ◽  
Virtual Objects ◽  
Accuracy And Precision ◽  
Fine Motor Performance

Abstrak - Penelitian ini membahas tentang interaksi 3D sensor Leap Motion untuk simulasi menggenggam Benda virtual Plastis. Sebuah interaksi 3D sensor Leap Motion yang digunakan sebagai simulasi untuk menggenggam benda virtual Plastis dengan menggunakan media objek telur virtual secara presisi dan akurasi yang tepat. Pada dasarnya menggenggam merupakan suatu kegiatan yang menerapkan kinerja motorik halus pada tangan untuk melakukan gerakan. Penggunaan sensor Leap Motion sebagai interaksi 3D dipakai untuk menggenggam objek maya dalam hal ini bentuk 3D telur virtual sebagai media praktiknya. Telur sendiri merupakan benda yang gampang distimulasi dan memiliki sifat texture yang halus untuk merespon segala bentuk gerakan pada genggaman tangan. Dalam penelitian Interaksi 3D Sensor Leap Motion untuk simulasi untuk menggenggam benda Virtual Plastis dengan menggunakan media objek telur virtual, ini di peruntukkan untuk mengetahui akurasi dan presisi dari pola gerakan tangan secara imersif. Pengembangan dari metode ini bertujuan untuk simulasi menggenggam benda atau objek maya dengan adanya interaksi pola gerakan tangan.Kata kunci: leapmotion, 3d, virtual reality, benda, telurAbstract - This study discusses about the 3D interaction of the Leap Motion sensor for the simulation of holding virtual plastic objects. A 3D interaction of the Leap Motion sensor that is used as a simulation to hold Plastis virtual objects by using virtual egg object media with precise and right accuracy. Basically, holding is an activity that applies fine motor performance on the hands to make movements. The use of the Leap Motion sensor as a 3D interaction is used to hold virtual objects in this case a 3D form of virtual eggs as practice media. Eggs are objects that are easily stimulated and have subtle texture to respond to all forms of movement in the hands. In the 3D interaction Leap Motion Sensors for virtual plastic objects holding simulation by using virtual egg object media, it is intended to find out the accuracy and precision of immersive hand movement patterns. The development of this method aims to simulate holding virtual objects or objects with the interaction of hand movement patterns.Keywords: leap motion, 3d, virtual reality, object, egg

scholarly journals Relationships of Changes in Height, Weight and Body Mass Index to Changes in Blood Lipids From Age 8 to 18 Years: Project Heartbeat!

Circulation ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 103 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. 1363-1363
Author(s):  
Jihong Zong ◽  
Darwin R Labarthe ◽  
Ronald Harrist ◽  
Shifan Dai ◽  
William H Mueller
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Blood Lipids ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Continuous Variables ◽  
Basic Model ◽  
Interaction Terms ◽  
Height Gain ◽  
Project Heartbeat

P64 Background: To study the relationships of changes in anthropometric variables - height, weight, and body mass index (BMI) - to changes in blood lipids (TC, LDL-C, HDL-C and TG) in children and adolescents aged from 8 to 18 years. Methods and Results: Cohorts of three different age levels 8, 11 and 14 years at baseline were enrolled in the study. Each member of these three cohorts was examined three times per year for up to four years. The composition of the study population and the descriptive statistics for the continuous variables at baseline were summarized. Ethnicity was categorized as Black (21.1%) and non-Black (79.9%). Non-Black includes White (74.6%), Hispanic (3.7%), Asian (1.0%) and American Indian (0.6%). The relationships of changes in anthropometric variables and in blood lipids were evaluated by adding height, weight, or BMI and associated interaction terms separately to the basic age-sex models, derived in previous analyses. A multilevel modeling technique was used. Likelihood ratio tests were conducted by calculating the deviation of -2log(likelihood) within the basic model and alternative models. Height or height gain had significant negative associations with changes in TC, LDL-C and HDL-C with estimated coefficients of -0.763, -0.448 and -0.301, respectively. The estimated coefficients between weight gain and changes in TC, LDL-C and TG were 0.337, 0.370 and 0.1473, respectively, and -0.305 for HDL-C. The estimates of relationships between changes in BMI and in TC, LDL-C, HDL-C and TG were 2.122, 1.884, -0.885 and 4.673, respectively. An interaction between weight (or BMI) and ethnicity was significant in the models for triglycerides only. Sex-Age interactions were significant in most models. Effective effects of race were significant in the models for LDL-C, HDL-C and TG. Conclusions: The results of this longitudinal analysis indicated a very strong association between increasing BMI and changes in blood lipids within the period of childhood and adolescence. These findings have implications for assessing changes in blood lipids, especially among those experiencing the greatest increases in BMI.

scholarly journals Using Nonlinear Dynamics of EEG Signals to Decode Hand Movement Directions Under Bimanual Movement

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiarong Wang ◽  
Luzheng Bi ◽  
Weijie Fei
Keyword(s):  
Nonlinear Dynamics ◽  
Hand Movement ◽  
Movement Direction ◽  
Bimanual Movement ◽  
Eeg Signals ◽  
Linear Discriminant ◽  
Computer Interfaces ◽  
Opposite Hand ◽  
Movement Parameters ◽  
Human Augmentation

Abstract Background: Decoding hand movement parameters from electroencephalograms (EEG) signals can provide intuitive control for brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). However, most existing studies of EEG-based hand movement decoding are focused on single hand movement. Since the both-hand movement is common in human augmentation systems, to address the decoding of hand movement under the opposite hand movement, we investigate the neural signatures and decoding of the primary hand movement direction from EEG signals under the opposite hand movement. Methods: The decoding model was developed by using an echo state network (ESN) to extract nonlinear dynamics parameters of movement-related cortical potentials (MRCPs) as decoding features and linear discriminant analysis as a classifier. Results: Significant differences in MRCPs between movement conditions with and without an opposite hand movement were found. Furthermore, using the ESN-based models, the decoding accuracies reached 86.03± 7.32% and 88.45± 6.16% under the conditions without and with the opposite hand movement, 20 respectively. Conclusions: These findings showed that the proposed method performed well in decoding the primary hand movement directions under the conditions with and without the opposite hand movement. This study may open a new avenue to decode hand movement parameters from EEG signals and lay a foundation for the future development of BCI-based human augmentation systems.

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