scholarly journals Mechano-thermo-chromic device with supersaturated salt hydrate crystal phase change

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. eaav4916 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyunmin Cho ◽  
Jinhyeong Kwon ◽  
Inho Ha ◽  
Jinwook Jung ◽  
Yoonsoo Rho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Property ◽  
Mechanical Stimulus ◽  
Sodium Acetate Solution ◽  
Acetate Solution ◽  
Smart Window ◽  
Liquid Crystal Material ◽  
Driving Mechanisms ◽  
Hydrate Crystal ◽  
Window Applications ◽  
Property Control

Active control of transparency/color is the key to many functional optoelectric devices. Applying an electric field to an electrochromic or liquid crystal material is the typical approach for optical property control. In contrast to the conventional electrochromic method, we developed a new concept of smart glass using new driving mechanisms (based on mechanical stimulus and thermal energy) to control optical properties. This mechano-thermo-chromic smart glass device with an integrated transparent microheater uses a sodium acetate solution, which shows a unique marked optical property change under mechanical impact (mechanochromic) and heat (thermochromic). Such mechano-thermo-chromic devices may provide a useful approach in future smart window applications that could be operated by external environment conditions.

scholarly journals Structure of aqueous sodium acetate solutions by X-Ray scattering and density functional theory

2020 ◽  
Vol 92 (10) ◽  
pp. 1627-1641
Author(s):  
Guangguo Wang ◽  
Yongquan Zhou ◽  
He Lin ◽  
Zhuanfang Jing ◽  
Hongyan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Acetate ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Hydration Shell ◽  
Ion Pair ◽  
Water Molecules ◽  
Sodium Acetate Solution ◽  
Acetate Solution ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Ray Scattering

AbstractThe structure of aq. sodium acetate solution (CH3COONa, NaOAc) was studied by X-ray scattering and density function theory (DFT). For the first hydrated layer of Na+, coordination number (CN) between Na+ and O(W, I) decreases from 5.02 ± 0.85 at 0.976 mol/L to 3.62 ± 1.21 at 4.453 mol/L. The hydration of carbonyl oxygen (OC) and hydroxyl oxygen (OOC) of CH3COO− were investigated separately and the OC shows a stronger hydration bonds comparing with OOC. With concentrations increasing, the hydration shell structures of CH3COO− are not affected by the presence of large number of ions, each CH3COO− group binds about 6.23 ± 2.01 to 7.35 ± 1.73 water molecules, which indicates a relatively strong interaction between CH3COO− and water molecules. The larger uncertainty of the CN of Na+ and OC(OOC) reflects the relative looseness of Na-OC and Na-OOC ion pairs in aq. NaOAc solutions, even at the highest concentration (4.453 mol/L), suggesting the lack of contact ion pair (CIP) formation. In aq. NaOAc solutions, the so called “structure breaking” property of Na+ and CH3COO− become effective only for the second hydration sphere of bulk water. The DFT calculations of CH3COONa (H2O)n=5–7 clusters suggest that the solvent-shared ion pair (SIP) structures appear at n = 6 and become dominant at n = 7, which is well consistent with the result from X-ray scattering.

scholarly journals Effect of oxidant on the performance of conductive polymer films prepared by vacuum vapor phase polymerization for smart window applications

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 035016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Brooke ◽  
Manrico Fabretto ◽  
Nastasja Vucaj ◽  
Kamil Zuber ◽  
Eliza Switalska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vapor Phase ◽  
Polymer Films ◽  
Conductive Polymer ◽  
Smart Window ◽  
Window Applications ◽  
Vapor Phase Polymerization

Complementary electrochromic devices based on acrylic substrates for smart window applications in aircrafts

2021 ◽  
pp. 125460
Author(s):  
Chan Yang Jeong ◽  
Takashi Kubota ◽  
Kazuki Tajima ◽  
Masakazu Kitamura ◽  
Hideaki Imai
Keyword(s):  
Electrochromic Devices ◽  
Smart Window ◽  
Window Applications

Fabrication of Transmittance Tunable Porous Elastomers for Smart Window Applications

Polymer Korea ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 934-939
Author(s):  
Mira Shin ◽  
Youngeun Lee ◽  
Jinkyung Kim ◽  
Gun Woo Sim ◽  
Youngho Eom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smart Window ◽  
Window Applications

Facile synthesis, formation mechanism and thermochromic properties of W-doped VO2(M) nanoparticles for smart window applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (38) ◽  
pp. 13396-13404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liangmiao Zhang ◽  
Fang Xia ◽  
Jianing Yao ◽  
Tianli Zhu ◽  
Hui Xia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Formation Mechanism ◽  
Spin Coating ◽  
Smart Window ◽  
Facile Synthesis ◽  
Energy Modulation ◽  
Thermochromic Properties ◽  
Window Applications

Tungsten-doped VO2(M) nanoparticles and films with good solar energy modulation ability were prepared by a simple hydrothermal recrystallization method and subsequent spin-coating.

scholarly journals A Phase‐Changing Polymer Film for Broadband Smart Window Applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (16) ◽  
pp. 2070037
Author(s):  
Yu Xie ◽  
Fangyi Guan ◽  
Zhou Li ◽  
Yuan Meng ◽  
Jiang Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Film ◽  
Smart Window ◽  
Window Applications

Analytical Methods for Diethylstilbestrol in Feeds and Premixes

1966 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 895-898
Author(s):  
Loyal R Stone
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Sodium Acetate ◽  
Buffer System ◽  
Official Method ◽  
Sodium Acetate Solution ◽  
Acetate Solution ◽  
Acid Buffer System ◽  
Acetic Acid Buffer

Abstract Methods are presented in which diethylstilbestrol is extracted from feeds in the Goldfisch apparatus, transferred into alkaline sodium acetate solution to avoid emulsions, and measured colorimetrically in a sodium acetate-acetic acid buffer system. The procedure is rapid, and results agree closely with those obtained by the official method. Procedures are also presented for determination of diethylstilbestrol in molasses and fat mixtures.

The Basis of Bentazon Antagonism on Sethoxydim Absorption and Activity

Weed Science ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 400-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunawan Wanamarta ◽  
Donald Penner ◽  
James J. Kells
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Salt ◽  
Sodium Acetate ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Weak Acid ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
Hydroxyl Group ◽  
Sodium Acetate Solution ◽  
Acetate Solution ◽  
Spray Solution ◽  
Leaf Surfaces

The antagonistic effect of bentazon on sethoxydim adsorption and activity was studied in quackgrass. The diffusion of14C-sethoxydim into and through an isolated tomato fruit cuticle was inhibited in the presence of the sodium salt of bentazon. Bentazon also increased the partitioning of14C-sethoxydim into CH2Cl2and water; however, it decreased partitioning into ethyl acetate. Removal of epicuticular wax from quackgrass leaf surfaces did not prevent the antagonism. Addition of sodium acetate or sodium bicarbonate to the sethoxydim spray solution at 10 mM reduced uptake of14C-sethoxydim by quackgrass similar to the effect of bentazon. Sodium ions in the bentazon formulation appeared responsible for the antagonism by exchanging with the H+of the sethoxydim hydroxyl group to form a more polar sodium salt of sethoxydim. The addition of Li+, K+, Cs+, Ca++, and Mg++cations associated with a weak acid also reduced14C-sethoxydim absorption. Addition of organic acids to the spray solution overcame the antagonism by preventing the formation of sodium salt of sethoxydim. In the field, the addition of a 3000 ppm sodium acetate solution delivering 0.56 kg/ha produced the same antagonism as bentazon on quackgrass control with sethoxydim.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document