scholarly journals Climate change threatens New Guinea’s biocultural heritage

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. eaaz1455 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Cámara-Leret ◽  
N. Raes ◽  
P. Roehrdanz ◽  
Y. De Fretes ◽  
C. D. Heatubun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Plant Conservation ◽  
Linguistically Diverse ◽  
Endemic Plant ◽  
Geographic Ranges ◽  
Biocultural Heritage ◽  
Area Expansion ◽  
Language Areas ◽  
Endemic Plant Species

New Guinea is the most biologically and linguistically diverse tropical island on Earth, yet the potential impacts of climate change on its biocultural heritage remain unknown. Analyzing 2353 endemic plant species distributions, we find that 63% of species are expected to have smaller geographic ranges by 2070. As a result, ecoregions may have an average of −70 ± 40 fewer species by 2070. Species with future geographic range contractions include 720 endemic plant species that are used by indigenous people, and we find that these will decrease in 80% of New Guinea’s 1030 language areas, with losses of up to 94 species per language area. To mitigate the threats of climate change on the flora, we identify priority sites for protected area expansion that can jointly maximize biodiversity and useful plant conservation.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity may help evolutionary rescue in a clonal endemic plant species of Western Himalaya

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Irshad Ahmad Sofi ◽  
Irfan Rashid ◽  
Javaid Yousuf Lone ◽  
Sandhya Tyagi ◽  
Zafar A. Reshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Endemic Plant ◽  
Single Marker Analysis ◽  
Endemic Plant Species ◽  
Trait Associations

AbstractHabitat loss due to climate change may cause the extinction of the clonal species with a limited distribution range. Thus, determining the genetic diversity required for adaptability by these species in sensitive ecosystems can help infer the chances of their survival and spread in changing climate. We studied the genetic diversity and population structure of Sambucus wightiana—a clonal endemic plant species of the Himalayan region for understanding its possible survival chances in anticipated climate change. Eight polymorphic microsatellite markers were used to study the allelic/genetic diversity and population structure. In addition, ITS1–ITS4 Sanger sequencing was used for phylogeny and SNP detection. A total number of 73 alleles were scored for 37 genotypes at 17 loci for 8 SSRs markers. The population structural analysis using the SSR marker data led to identifying two sub-populations in our collection of 37 S. wightiana genotypes, with 11 genotypes having mixed ancestry. The ITS sequence data show a specific allele in higher frequency in a particular sub-population, indicating variation in different S. wightiana accessions at the sequence level. The genotypic data of SSR markers and trait data of 11 traits of S. wightiana, when analyzed together, revealed five significant Marker-Trait Associations (MTAs) through Single Marker Analysis (SMA) or regression analysis. Most of the SSR markers were found to be associated with more than one trait, indicating the usefulness of these markers for working out marker-trait associations. Moderate to high genetic diversity observed in the present study may provide insurance against climate change to S. wightiana and help its further spread.

How does contemporary climate versus climate change velocity affect endemic plant species richness in China?

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (34) ◽  
pp. 4660-4667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunjing Qiu ◽  
Zehao Shen ◽  
Peihao Peng ◽  
Lingfeng Mao ◽  
Xinshi Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Species Richness ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Plant Species Richness ◽  
Endemic Plant ◽  
Endemic Plant Species ◽  
Contemporary Climate

scholarly journals Mauritian coloured nectar no longer a mystery: a visual signal for lizard pollinators

2006 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis M Hansen ◽  
Karin Beer ◽  
Christine B Müller
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Flowering Plants ◽  
Visual Signal ◽  
Honest Signal ◽  
Endemic Plant ◽  
Floral Trait ◽  
Flower Visitation ◽  
Artificial Flowers ◽  
Endemic Plant Species

Most floral nectars are clear as water, and the enigmatic coloured nectar in three endemic plant species in Mauritius has puzzled scientists studying it. One hypothesis about the possible ecological function of coloured nectar is that it serves as a visual signal for pollinators. Recent studies have shown that at least two of the three Mauritian plant species with coloured nectar are visited and pollinated by endemic Phelsuma geckos. We here provide experimental evidence for the visual signal hypothesis by showing that Phelsuma ornata geckos prefer coloured over clear nectar in artificial flowers. In flowering plants, coloured nectar could additionally function as an honest signal that allows pollinators to assert the presence and judge the size of a reward prior to flower visitation, and to adjust their behaviour accordingly, leading to increased pollinator efficiency. Our study provides a first step in understanding this rare and intriguing floral trait.

scholarly journals Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids and Fatty Acids from the Endemic Plant Species Rindera umbellata and the Effect of Lindelofine-N-oxide on Tubulin Polymerization

Molecules ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 10694-10706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boris Mandić ◽  
Milena Simić ◽  
Ivan Vučković ◽  
Ljubodrag Vujisić ◽  
Miroslav Novaković ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids ◽  
Tubulin Polymerization ◽  
Endemic Plant ◽  
Endemic Plant Species
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