Respiratory Physiology

Science ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 153 (3732) ◽  
pp. 160-161
Author(s):  
R. G. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Physiology

Applied Respiratory Physiology

1980 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 531-531
Author(s):  
JOSEPH C. GABEL ◽  
DANESHVARI R. SOLANKI
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Physiology

scholarly journals Is a Mask That Covers the Mouth and Nose Free from Undesirable Side Effects in Everyday Use and Free of Potential Hazards?

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 4344
Author(s):  
Kai Kisielinski ◽  
Paul Giboni ◽  
Andreas Prescher ◽  
Bernd Klosterhalfen ◽  
David Graessel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Temperature Rise ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Respiratory Physiology ◽  
Comprehensive Investigation ◽  
Respiratory Impairment ◽  
Adverse Health Effects ◽  
Physical Deterioration ◽  
Multiple Symptoms

Many countries introduced the requirement to wear masks in public spaces for containing SARS-CoV-2 making it commonplace in 2020. Up until now, there has been no comprehensive investigation as to the adverse health effects masks can cause. The aim was to find, test, evaluate and compile scientifically proven related side effects of wearing masks. For a quantitative evaluation, 44 mostly experimental studies were referenced, and for a substantive evaluation, 65 publications were found. The literature revealed relevant adverse effects of masks in numerous disciplines. In this paper, we refer to the psychological and physical deterioration as well as multiple symptoms described because of their consistent, recurrent and uniform presentation from different disciplines as a Mask-Induced Exhaustion Syndrome (MIES). We objectified evaluation evidenced changes in respiratory physiology of mask wearers with significant correlation of O2 drop and fatigue (p < 0.05), a clustered co-occurrence of respiratory impairment and O2 drop (67%), N95 mask and CO2 rise (82%), N95 mask and O2 drop (72%), N95 mask and headache (60%), respiratory impairment and temperature rise (88%), but also temperature rise and moisture (100%) under the masks. Extended mask-wearing by the general population could lead to relevant effects and consequences in many medical fields.

scholarly journals Highlights from the 2018 European Respiratory Society International Congress: sleep and clinical physiology

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 00201-2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isaac Almendros ◽  
Sébastien Baillieul ◽  
Candela Caballero ◽  
Luiza Helena Degani-Costa ◽  
Michael Furian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Patient Care ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Sleep Disordered Breathing ◽  
Early Career ◽  
Respiratory Physiology ◽  
International Congress ◽  
European Respiratory Society ◽  
Clinical Physiology ◽  
Disordered Breathing

The 2018 European Respiratory Society (ERS) International Congress held in Paris, France, served as a platform to discover the latest research on respiratory diseases, the improvement in their treatments and patient care. Specifically, the scientific sessions organised by ERS Assembly 4 provided novel insights into sleep disordered breathing and fresh knowledge in respiratory physiology, stressing its importance to understanding and treating respiratory diseases. This article, divided by session, will summarise the most relevant studies presented at the ERS International Congress. Each session has been written by early career members specialised in the different fields of this interdisciplinary assembly.

Flood Basalts and Mass Extinctions

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 275-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew E. Clapham ◽  
Paul R. Renne
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Flood Basalt ◽  
Respiratory Physiology ◽  
Mass Extinctions ◽  
Flood Basalts ◽  
Volatile Release ◽  
Ocean Carbon ◽  
Biological Extinction ◽  
Extinction Events ◽  
Environmental Disruption

Flood basalts were Earth's largest volcanic episodes that, along with related intrusions, were often emplaced rapidly and coincided with environmental disruption: oceanic anoxic events, hyperthermals, and mass extinction events. Volatile emissions, both from magmatic degassing and vaporized from surrounding rock, triggered short-term cooling and longer-term warming, ocean acidification, and deoxygenation. The magnitude of biological extinction varied considerably, from small events affecting only select groups to the largest extinction of the Phanerozoic, with less-active organisms and those with less-developed respiratory physiology faring especially poorly. The disparate environmental and biological outcomes of different flood basalt events may at first order be explained by variations in the rate of volatile release modulated by longer trends in ocean carbon cycle buffering and the composition of marine ecosystems. Assessing volatile release, environmental change, and biological extinction at finer temporal resolution should be a top priority to refine ancient hyperthermals as analogs for anthropogenic climate change. ▪ Flood basalts, the largest volcanic events in Earth history, triggered dramatic environmental changes on land and in the oceans. ▪ Rapid volcanic carbon emissions led to ocean warming, acidification, and deoxygenation that often caused widespread animal extinctions. ▪ Animal physiology played a key role in survival during flood basalt extinctions, with reef builders such as corals being especially vulnerable. ▪ The rate and duration of volcanic carbon emission controlled the type of environmental disruption and the severity of biological extinction.

Respiratory Physiology in Extreme Environments

2006 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 282-288
Author(s):  
Laurie A. Whittaker ◽  
David A. Kaminsky
Keyword(s):  
Extreme Environments ◽  
Respiratory Physiology

Respiratory physiology

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-117
Author(s):  
Sanja Stanojevic
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Physiology

Following the discovery of anti-MDA5 Ab, the clinical understanding of dermatomyositis has been improved

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moataz Dowaidar
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Respiratory Physiology ◽  
Prognostic Indicators ◽  
Current Standard ◽  
Incurable Disease ◽  
Triple Treatment ◽  
Risk Categorization

Knowledge about clinically amyopathic dermatomyositis has exploded in the last two decades, especially after the discovery of anti-MDA5 Ab. The disease's likely genesis and pathophysiological processes have been studied in a number of scientific and epidemiological studies. Thanks to a slew of new large-scale cohort studies, the clinical characteristics of MDA5+ DM may be better identified. In addition, several prognostic indicators have been discovered, such as respiratory physiology measures and serum biomarkers, which have helped to enhance risk categorization in clinical practice and restrict the design of future clinical studies. Quantitative evaluation of pulmonary HRCT data may be the trend of imaging testing in MDA5+ DM-ILD. The current standard of treatment for MDA5+ DM-ILD is "triple treatment" with JAK inhibitors, which has been proven in recent trials to significantly improve the survival of early-stage patients. Total mortality in this incurable disease, however, is still shockingly high, especially in advanced-stage patients. There is still a pressing need for a more effective and well-evidenced treatment approach for MDA5+ DM-ILD.

Acid-base status and spiracular control during discontinuous ventilation in grasshoppers

1995 ◽  
Vol 198 (8) ◽  
pp. 1755-1763 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Harrison ◽  
N Hadley ◽  
M Quinlan
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Respiratory Physiology ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Threshold Levels ◽  
Lubber Grasshopper ◽  
Open Phase ◽  
Internal Co2 ◽  
Acid Base Status

Many insects ventilate discontinuously when quiescent, exhibiting prolonged periods during which little or no gas exchange occurs. We investigated the consequences of discontinuous ventilation (DV) on haemolymph acid&shy;base status and tested whether spiracular opening during DV is due to changes in internal gas tensions in the western lubber grasshopper Taeniopoda eques. At 15 &deg;C, resting T. eques exhibited interburst periods of about 40 min. During the interburst period, haemolymph PCO2 rose from 1.8 to 2.26 kPa, with minimal acidification of haemolymph. Animals in atmospheres in which PCO2 was 2 kPa or below continued to exhibit DV, while atmospheres in which PCO2 was 2.9 kPa or above caused cessation of DV. These data indicate that accumulation of internal CO2 to threshold levels between 2 and 2.9 kPa induces spiracular opening in grasshoppers. In contrast to the situation in lepidopteran pupae, variation in atmospheric PO2 had no effect on interburst duration. Relative to lepidopteran pupae, the internal PCO2 of grasshoppers during DV is threefold lower, the PCO2 required for triggering spiracular opening is also threefold lower, and the open phase spiracular conductance is at least tenfold higher, demonstrating that considerable diversity exists in these aspects of insect respiratory physiology.

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