scholarly journals Comparative In Vitro Activities of ABT-773 against Aerobic and Anaerobic Pathogens Isolated from Skin and Soft-Tissue Animal and Human Bite Wound Infections

2000 ◽  
Vol 44 (9) ◽  
pp. 2525-2529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellie J. C. Goldstein ◽  
Diane M. Citron ◽  
C. Vreni Merriam ◽  
Yumi Warren ◽  
Kerin Tyrrell
Keyword(s):  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
Fusobacterium Nucleatum ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
Wound Infections ◽  
Bite Wound ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Human Bite ◽  
Agar Dilution

ABSTRACT We studied the comparative in vitro activities of ABT-773, a new ketolide, against 268 aerobic and 148 anaerobic recent isolates from clinical bites using an agar dilution method and inocula of 104 CFU/spot for aerobes and 105 CFU for anaerobes. The following are the MIC ranges and MICs at which 90% of isolates are inhibited (MIC90s) of ABT-773 for various isolates, respectively: Pasteurella multocida andPasteurella septica, 0.125 to 2 and 1 μg/ml; otherPasteurella species, 0.125 to 1 and 0.5 μg/ml;Corynebacterium spp., 0.015 to 0.06 and 0.015 μg/ml;Staphylococcus aureus, 0.03 to 0.06 and 0.06 μg/ml; coagulase-negative staphylococci, 0.015 to >32 and 32 μg/ml; streptococci, 0.015 to 0.03 and 0.03 μg/ml; Eikenella corrodens, 0.25 to 1 and 1 μg/ml; and Bergeyella zoohelcum, 0.03 to 0.25 and 0.06 μg/ml. For anaerobes the MIC ranges and MIC90s of ABT-773 were as follows, respectively:Prevotella heparinolytica, 0.06 to 0.125 and 0.125 μg/ml;Prevotella spp., 0.015 to 0.125 and 0.06 μg/ml;Porphyromonas spp., 0.015 to 0.03 and 0.015 μg/ml;Fusobacterium nucleatum, 0.5 to 8 and 8 μg/ml; otherFusobacterium spp., 0.015 to 8 and 0.5 μg/ml;Bacteroides tectum, 0.015 to 0.5 and 0.06 μg/ml; andPeptostreptococcus spp., 0.015 to 0.25 and 0.03 μg/ml. ABT-773 was more active than all macrolides tested against S. aureus, E. corrodens, and anaerobes, but all compounds were poorly active against F. nucleatum. The activity of ABT-773 was within 1 dilution of that of azithromycin against Pasteurella spp., and ABT-773 was four- to eightfold more active than clarithromycin againstPasteurella spp. ABT-773 may offer a therapeutic alternative for bite wound infections.

scholarly journals In Vitro Activities of Garenoxacin (BMS-284756) against 170 Clinical Isolates of Nine Pasteurella Species

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (9) ◽  
pp. 3068-3070 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellie J. C. Goldstein ◽  
Diane M. Citron ◽  
C. Vreni Merriam ◽  
Yumi A. Warren ◽  
Kerin L. Tyrrell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
Active Agent ◽  
Culture Collection ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
American Type Culture Collection ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution

ABSTRACT The in vitro susceptibilities of 170 clinical isolates plus 12 American Type Culture Collection strains of Pasteurella species comprising nine species and three Pasteurella multocida subspecies were studied by an agar dilution method. Garenoxacin (BMS-284756), a new des-fluoro(6) quinolone, was active at ≤0.06 μg/ml against all isolates, including four β-lactamase-producing strains, with >90% of the strains susceptible to ≤0.008 μg/ml. Garenoxacin was generally 1 to 2 dilutions more active than levofloxacin and moxifloxacin and was the most active agent tested. Cefoxitin required 1 μg/ml for inhibition of 51 of 182 (29%) of strains, and 3 strains (also β-lactamase producers) were resistant to doxycycline.

scholarly journals Linezolid Activity Compared to Those of Selected Macrolides and Other Agents against Aerobic and Anaerobic Pathogens Isolated from Soft Tissue Bite Infections in Humans

1999 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 1469-1474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellie J. C. Goldstein ◽  
Diane M. Citron ◽  
C. Vreni Merriam
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
Fusobacterium Nucleatum ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic

ABSTRACT Linezolid was tested against 420 aerobes and anaerobes, including 148 Pasteurella isolates, by an agar dilution method. Linezolid was active against all Pasteurella multocidasubsp. multocida and P. multocida subsp.septica isolates and most Pasteurella canis,Pasteurella dagmatis, and Pasteurella stomatisisolates. The MIC was ≤2 μg/ml for staphylococci, streptococci, EF-4b, Weeksella zoohelcum, Fusobacterium nucleatum, other fusobacteria, Porphyromonas spp.,Prevotella spp., peptostreptococci, and almost allBacteroides tectum isolates.

scholarly journals Comparative In Vitro Activities of GAR-936 against Aerobic and Anaerobic Animal and Human Bite Wound Pathogens

2000 ◽  
Vol 44 (10) ◽  
pp. 2747-2751 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellie J. C. Goldstein ◽  
Diane M. Citron ◽  
C. Vreni Merriam ◽  
Yumi Warren ◽  
Kerin Tyrrell
Keyword(s):  
Penicillin G ◽  
Bite Wound ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Human Bite ◽  
Agar Dilution ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Bite Wounds ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic ◽  
Antibacterial Spectrum

ABSTRACT GAR-936 is a new semisynthetic glycylcycline with a broad antibacterial spectrum, including tetracycline-resistant strains. The in vitro activities of GAR-936, minocycline, doxycycline, tetracycline, moxifloxacin, penicillin G, and erythromycin were determined by agar dilution methods against 268 aerobic and 148 anaerobic strains of bacteria (including Pasteurella, Eikenella,Moraxella, Bergeyella, Neisseria, EF-4, Bacteroides, Prevotella,Porphyromonas, Fusobacterium,Staphylococcus, Streptococcus,Enterococcus, Corynebacterium,Propionibacterium, Peptostreptococcus, andActinomyces) isolated from infected human and animal bite wounds in humans, including strains resistant to commonly used antimicrobials. GAR-936 was very active, with an MIC at which 90% of the strains are inhibited (MIC90) of ≤0.25 μg/ml, against all aerobic gram-positive and -negative strains, including tetracycline-resistant strains of Enterococcus,Streptococcus, and coagulase-negative staphylococci, except for Eikenella corrodens (MIC90, ≤4 μg/ml). GAR-936 was also very active against all anaerobic species, including tetracycline-, doxycycline-, and minocycline-resistant strains ofPrevotella spp., Porphyromonas spp.,Bacteroides tectum, and Peptostreptococcusspp., with an MIC90 of ≤0.25 μg/ml. Erythromycin- and moxifloxacin-resistant fusobacteria were susceptible to GAR-936, with an MIC90 of 0.06 μg/ml.

scholarly journals In Vitro Activities of the Des-Fluoro(6) Quinolone BMS-284756 against Aerobic and Anaerobic Pathogens Isolated from Skin and Soft Tissue Animal and Human Bite Wound Infections

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 866-870 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellie J. C. Goldstein ◽  
Diane M. Citron ◽  
C. Vreni Merriam ◽  
Yumi A. Warren ◽  
Kerin L. Tyrrell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Fusobacterium Nucleatum ◽  
Wound Infections ◽  
Bite Wound ◽  
Eikenella Corrodens ◽  
Human Bite ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic

ABSTRACT BMS-284756, a new des-fluoro(6) quinolone, was very active against 240 aerobic and 180 anaerobic isolates from bite victims. It inhibited 403 of 420 (96%) isolates, including those of Moraxella spp., CDC group EF-4, and Eikenella corrodens at ≤2 μg/ml and those of all Pasteurella spp. and Bergeyella zoohelcum at ≤0.015 μg/ml. Fusobacterium russii and 6 of 11 Fusobacterium nucleatum isolates of animal bite origin were resistant, but isolates of human bite origin were susceptible, which suggests that they were of a different subspecies.

scholarly journals Comparative in vitro activities of DU-6859a, levofloxacin, ofloxacin, sparfloxacin, and ciprofloxacin against 387 aerobic and anaerobic bite wound isolates.

1997 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 1193-1195 ◽  
Author(s):  
E J Goldstein ◽  
D M Citron ◽  
S Hunt Gerardo ◽  
M Hudspeth ◽  
C V Merriam
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Active Compound ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
Bite Wound ◽  
Agar Dilution ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic

The activities of DU-6859a, levofloxacin, ofloxacin, sparfloxacin, and ciprofloxacin against bite wound isolates were determined by the agar dilution method. DU-6859a was the most active compound (MICs, < or = 0.125 microg/ml) against all Pasteurella species, Staphylococcus aureus, and streptococci; anaerobes were susceptible to < or = 0.5 microg/ml, except fusobacteria, which were susceptible to < or = 2 microg/ml. Against aerobes, levofloxacin was more active than ofloxacin (MIC at which 90% of isolates are inhibited [MIC90], < or = 1.0 microg/ml for both) and sparfloxacin and ciprofloxacin were also active (MIC90s, < or = 0.25 and < 1 microg/ml, respectively).

scholarly journals Activities of HMR 3004 (RU 64004) and HMR 3647 (RU 66647) Compared to Those of Erythromycin, Azithromycin, Clarithromycin, Roxithromycin, and Eight Other Antimicrobial Agents against Unusual Aerobic and Anaerobic Human and Animal Bite Pathogens Isolated from Skin and Soft Tissue Infections in Humans

1998 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 1127-1132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellie J. C. Goldstein ◽  
Diane M. Citron ◽  
Sharon Hunt Gerardo ◽  
Marie Hudspeth ◽  
C. Vreni Merriam
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Fusobacterium Nucleatum ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
Soft Tissue Infections ◽  
Agar Dilution ◽  
Bite Wounds ◽  
Almost All

ABSTRACT The activities of HMR 3004 and HMR 3647 and comparator agents, especially macrolides, were determined by the agar dilution method against 262 aerobic and 120 anaerobic strains isolated from skin and soft tissue infections associated with human and animal bite wounds. HMR 3004 and HMR 3647 were active against almost all aerobic and fastidious facultative isolates (MIC at which 90% of the isolates are inhibited [MIC90], ≤0.5 and 1 μg/ml, respectively) and against all anaerobes [Bacteroides tectum,Porphyromonas macacae (salivosa),Prevotella heparinolytica, Porphyromonas sp.,Prevotella sp., and peptostreptococci] at ≤0.25 and ≤0.5 μg/ml, respectively, except Fusobacterium nucleatum (HMR 3004, MIC90 = 16 μg/ml; HMR 3647, MIC90 = 8 μg/ml) and other Fusobacterium species (MIC90, 1 and 2 μg/ml, respectively). In general, HMR 3004 and HMR 3647 were more active than any of the macrolides tested. Azithromycin was more active than clarithromycin against allPasteurella species, including Pasteurella multocida subsp. multocida, Eikenella corrodens, and Fusobacterium species, while clarithromycin was more active than azithromycin againstCorynebacterium species, Weeksella zoohelcum,B. tectum, and P. heparinolytica.

scholarly journals Antifungal and Antibacterial Metabolites from a French Poplar Type Propolis

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Séverine Boisard ◽  
Anne-Marie Le Ray ◽  
Anne Landreau ◽  
Marie Kempf ◽  
Viviane Cassisa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Weak Activity ◽  
Agar Dilution

During this study, thein vitroantifungal and antibacterial activities of different extracts (aqueous and organic) obtained from a French propolis batch were evaluated. Antifungal activity was evaluated by broth microdilution on three pathogenic strains:Candida albicans, C. glabrata, andAspergillus fumigatus. Antibacterial activity was assayed using agar dilution method on 36 Gram-negative and Gram-positive strains includingStaphylococcus aureus. Organic extracts showed a significant antifungal activity againstC. albicansandC. glabrata(MIC80between 16 and 31 µg/mL) but only a weak activity towardsA. fumigatus(MIC80= 250 µg/mL). DCM based extracts exhibited a selective Gram-positive antibacterial activity, especially againstS. aureus(SA) and several of its methicillin-resistant (MRSA) and methicillin-susceptible (MSSA) strains (MIC10030–97 µg/mL). A new and active derivative of catechin was also identified whereas a synergistic antimicrobial effect was noticed during this study.

scholarly journals In Vitro Antifungal Activity of Polysulfides-Rich Essential Oil of Ferula Latisecta Fruits against Human Pathogenic Dermatophytes

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (9) ◽  
pp. 1934578X0800300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehrdad Iranshahi ◽  
Abdolmajid Fata ◽  
Bahareh Emami ◽  
Bibi Mohadeseh Jalalzadeh Shahri ◽  
Bibi Sedigheh Fazly Bazzaz
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution ◽  
Sulfur Containing ◽  
Type Strains ◽  
In Vitro Antifungal Activity

The increase in dermatophytoses and the fact that some patients do not respond well to therapy make it necessary to find new antifungal agents. As part of our ongoing studies on medicinal plants from Iran, we studied antidermatophytic activities of Ferula latisecta essential oil, which had shown considerable antifungal activity in preliminary antimicrobial screening. Antifungal activity was evaluated by determination of MIC values using the agar dilution method on type strains of Candida albicans and dermatophytes. The composition of the oil was characterized by GC and GC/MS analyses. The essential oil was rich in polysulfides (75.2%) and exhibited good activity against Trichophyton rubrum and T. verrucosom for about three weeks, with a MIC value 96 μg/mL. The oil showed antifungal activity, especially against dermatophytes, and the activity is probably related to the sulfur-containing components of the oil. This study has identified that the polysulfides-rich essential oil of Ferula latisecta fruits has activity against a range of human pathogenic dermatophytes, justifying future clinical trials to validate its use as a therapeutic alternative for dermatophytosis.

In vitro synergy testing of macrolide-quinolone combinations against 41 clinical isolates of Legionella.

1996 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 1419-1421 ◽  
Author(s):  
S J Martin ◽  
S L Pendland ◽  
C Chen ◽  
P Schreckenberger ◽  
L H Danziger
Keyword(s):  
Yeast Extract ◽  
Antimicrobial Therapy ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution ◽  
Legionella Species ◽  
Checkerboard Assay ◽  
Synergy Testing

Combination antimicrobial therapy against Legionella species has not been well studied. Several quinolones have activity against Legionella strains, which prompted this in vitro search for a synergistic combination with the macrolides. By a checkerboard assay, erythromycin, clarithromycin, and azithromycin, each in combination with ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin, were tested for synergy against 46 isolates of Legionella. The agar dilution method was employed using buffered charcoal-yeast extract media. A final inoculum of 10(4) CFU per spot was prepared from 24-h growth of each isolate. Plates were incubated at 35 degrees C for 48 h. Synergy, partial synergy, additive effect, or indifference was observed for all combinations of antibiotics tested. There was no antagonism observed. Synergy occurred to a significantly greater extent for the clarithromycin-levofloxacin (P = 0.0001) and azithromycin-levofloxacin (P = 0.003) combinations versus erythromycin-levofloxacin. The azithromycin-ciprofloxacin combination demonstrated significantly greater synergy than did either erythromycin-ciprofloxacin (P = 0.003) or clarithromycin-ciprofloxacin (P = 0.001). The newer macrolides clarithromycin and azithromycin may be more active in combination with a fluoroquinolone than is erythromycin.

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