scholarly journals Methanobrevibacter ruminantium as an Indicator of Domesticated-Ruminant Fecal Pollution in Surface Waters

2007 ◽  
Vol 73 (21) ◽  
pp. 7118-7121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer A. Ufnar ◽  
Shiao Y. Wang ◽  
David F. Ufnar ◽  
R. D. Ellender
Keyword(s):  
Surface Waters ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Environmental Samples ◽  
Environmental Water ◽  
Fecal Pollution ◽  
Environmental Water Samples ◽  
Amplification Product ◽  
Methanobrevibacter Ruminantium

ABSTRACT A PCR-based assay (Mrnif) targeting the nifH gene of Methanobrevibacter ruminantium was developed to detect fecal pollution from domesticated ruminants in environmental water samples. The assay produced the expected amplification product only when the reaction mixture contained DNA extracted from M. ruminantium culture, bovine (80%), sheep (100%), and goat (75%) feces, and water samples from a bovine waste lagoon (100%) and a creek contaminated with bovine lagoon waste (100%). The assay appears to be specific and sensitive and can distinguish between domesticated- and nondomesticated-ruminant fecal pollution in environmental samples.

scholarly journals The determination of titanium contained in Tytanit biostimulant employed to improve crops performance in natural environmental samples

2017 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Joanna Wasąg ◽  
Malgorzata Grabarczyk
Keyword(s):  
Natural Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Environmental Samples ◽  
Stripping Voltammetry ◽  
Environmental Water ◽  
Adsorptive Stripping Voltammetry ◽  
Environmental Water Samples ◽  
Chloranilic Acid ◽  
Titanium Complex

<p>The purpose of this work was to determinate the amount of titanium in different environmental water samples spiked with crop biostimulant Tytanit. The measurements were conducted using adsorptive stripping voltammetry (AdSV). The titanium complex with chloranilic acid was accumulated on mercury film silver based electrode (Hg(Ag)FE) at the potential -0.3 V. The analysis of natural water samples enriched with Tytanit, collected in the eastern part ofPolandconfirms that this procedure is fast and essential for the determination of titanium in environmental water samples.</p>

An acetoxy functionalized Al(iii) based metal–organic framework showing selective “turn on” detection of perborate in environmental samples

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (48) ◽  
pp. 17612-17620
Author(s):  
Soutick Nandi ◽  
Helge Reinsch ◽  
Shyam Biswas
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Environmental Samples ◽  
Metal Organic Framework ◽  
Environmental Water ◽  
Environmental Water Samples ◽  
Fluorometric Detection ◽  
Turn On ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Organic Framework

Al(iii) based acetoxy functionalized CAU-10 MOF is presented for selective turn-on fluorometric detection of perborate in environmental water samples.

scholarly journals Detection of Human-Derived Fecal Pollution in Environmental Waters by Use of a PCR-Based Human Polyomavirus Assay

2006 ◽  
Vol 72 (12) ◽  
pp. 7567-7574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon M. McQuaig ◽  
Troy M. Scott ◽  
Valerie J. Harwood ◽  
Samuel R. Farrah ◽  
Jerzy O. Lukasik
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Environmental Water ◽  
Fecal Pollution ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Human Polyomavirus ◽  
Environmental Water Samples ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Recreational Water ◽  
Environmental Waters

ABSTRACT Regulatory agencies mandate the use of fecal coliforms, Escherichia coli or Enterococcus spp., as microbial indicators of recreational water quality. These indicators of fecal pollution do not identify the specific sources of pollution and at times underestimate health risks associated with recreational water use. This study proposes the use of human polyomaviruses (HPyVs), which are widespread among human populations, as indicators of human fecal pollution. A method was developed to concentrate and extract HPyV DNA from environmental water samples and then to amplify it by nested PCR. HPyVs were detected in as little as 1 μl of sewage and were not amplified from dairy cow or pig wastes. Environmental water samples were screened for the presence of HPyVs and two additional markers of human fecal pollution: the Enterococcus faecium esp gene and the 16S rRNA gene of human-associated Bacteroides. The presence of human-specific indicators of fecal pollution was compared to fecal coliform and Enterococcus concentrations. HPyVs were detected in 19 of 20 (95%) samples containing the E. faecium esp gene and Bacteroides human markers. Weak or no correlation was observed between the presence/absence of human-associated indicators and counts of indicator bacteria. The sensitivity, specificity, and correlation with other human-associated markers suggest that the HPyV assay could be a useful predictor of human fecal pollution in environmental waters and an important component of the microbial-source-tracking “toolbox.”

Improving Mycobacterium spp. detection in water: a new methodological proposal

2004 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-106
Author(s):  
R. Santos ◽  
S. Gonçalves ◽  
F. Macieira ◽  
F. Oliveira ◽  
R. Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Recovery Rate ◽  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
Environmental Water ◽  
Environmental Water Samples ◽  
Sample Treatment ◽  
Detection Time ◽  
Fast Detection ◽  
Enrichment Step ◽  
Mycobacterium Spp

In recent years, non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), once considered merely environmental saprophytes, have emerged as a major cause of opportunistic infections. There is no evidence of human-to-human transmission but they have been found in several environmental water samples. It is, therefore, of the utmost importance to develop methods of rapidly and accurately detecting non-tuberculous mycobacteria in water samples. To obtain a maximum recovery rate and a reduction of Mycobacterium spp. detection time in water samples, different decontamination, enrichment procedures and antibiotics supplements were tested before the inoculation into the Bactec® system. The proposed method of sample treatment (decrease in the decontamination time, followed for a peptone pre-enrichment step and an aztreonam and cefepime supplement) before the inoculation into the Bactec® system proved to be a good option for reliable and fast detection of Mycobacterium spp. in water samples.

The Occurrence of Male-Specific and Somatic Bacteriophages in Polluted South African Waters

1991 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Kfir ◽  
P. Coubrough ◽  
W. O. K. Grabow
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Environmental Water ◽  
Environmental Water Samples ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Male Specific

The occurrence of somatic (F') and male-specific (F') coliphages and Salmonella phages in a variety of environmental water samples was studied using different bacterial hosts. The number of plaque-forming units (pfu) of the different bacteriophages were compared and their resistance pattern to a biological treatment (humus tank) and chlorination was evaluated. The presence of the bacteriophages in shellfish was also studied. The morphology of isolate bacteriophages was examined as well as the visibility of the different plaques formed. Coliphages were found to produce larger and clearer plaques than all other bacteriophages studied. In most of the environmental water samples coliphages outnumbered all other bacteriophages, with the exception of dam water in which higher levels of F' Salmonella phages were detected. The majority of the F' Salmonella phages were shown to be RNA bacteriophages.

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