scholarly journals Analysis of clinical and food-borne isolates of Listeria monocytogenes in the United States by multilocus enzyme electrophoresis and application of the method to epidemiologic investigations.

1990 ◽  
Vol 56 (7) ◽  
pp. 2133-2141 ◽  
Author(s):  
W F Bibb ◽  
B G Gellin ◽  
R Weaver ◽  
B Schwartz ◽  
B D Plikaytis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
The United States ◽  
Enzyme Electrophoresis ◽  
Multilocus Enzyme Electrophoresis ◽  
Food Borne

scholarly journals DNA Probes for Unambiguous Identification of Listeria monocytogenes Epidemic Clone II Strains

2010 ◽  
Vol 76 (9) ◽  
pp. 3061-3068 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Cheng ◽  
J.-W. Kim ◽  
S. Lee ◽  
R. M. Siletzky ◽  
S. Kathariou
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
The United States ◽  
Dna Probes ◽  
Epidemic Clone ◽  
Clonal Group ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Serotype 4B

ABSTRACT Listeria monocytogenes epidemic clone II (ECII) strains have been responsible for two major multistate outbreaks of food-borne listeriosis in the United States, but their prevalence and ecology remain poorly understood. In this study, we describe DNA probes that unambiguously identify this clonal group. These probes were able to differentiate ECII strains of outbreak, sporadic, or environmental origin from other L. monocytogenes strains of the same serotype (4b).

scholarly journals Population Structure of Listeria monocytogenes Serotype 4b Isolates from Sporadic Human Listeriosis Cases in the United States from 2003 to 2008

2014 ◽  
Vol 80 (12) ◽  
pp. 3632-3644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sangmi Lee ◽  
Todd J. Ward ◽  
Lewis M. Graves ◽  
Cheryl L. Tarr ◽  
Robin M. Siletzky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
The United States ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Complex Population ◽  
Sporadic Cases ◽  
Long Term Trends ◽  
Serotype 4B

ABSTRACTListeria monocytogenescan cause severe food-borne disease (listeriosis). Numerous outbreaks have involved three serotype 4b epidemic clones (ECs): ECI, ECII, and ECIa. However, little is known about the population structure ofL. monocytogenesserotype 4b from sporadic listeriosis in the United States, even though most cases of human listeriosis are in fact sporadic. Here we analyzed 136 serotype 4b isolates from sporadic cases in the United States, 2003 to 2008, utilizing multiple tools including multilocus genotyping, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, and sequence analysis of theinlABlocus. ECI, ECII, and ECIa were frequently encountered (32, 17, and 7%, respectively). However, annually 30 to 68% of isolates were outside these ECs, and several novel clonal groups were identified. An estimated 33 and 17% of the isolates, mostly among the ECs, were resistant to cadmium and arsenic, respectively, but resistance to benzalkonium chloride was uncommon (3%) among the sporadic isolates. The frequency of clonal groups fluctuated within the 6-year study period, without consistent trends. However, on several occasions, temporal clusters of isolates with indistinguishable genotypes were detected, suggesting the possibility of hidden multistate outbreaks. Our analysis suggests a complex population structure of serotype 4bL. monocytogenesfrom sporadic disease, with important contributions by ECs and several novel clonal groups. Continuous monitoring will be needed to assess long-term trends in clonality patterns and population structure ofL. monocytogenesfrom sporadic listeriosis.

Food-Borne Disease Outbreaks in the United States, 1973

1975 ◽  
Vol 132 (2) ◽  
pp. 224-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Hughes ◽  
M. H. Merson ◽  
R. A. Pollard
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
The United States ◽  
Food Borne

Listeria monocytogenes in Raw Milk: Detection, Incidence, and Pathogenicity

1987 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 188-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. LOVETT ◽  
D. W. FRANCIS ◽  
J. M. HUNT
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Sampling Period ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
The United States ◽  
Isolation Method ◽  
Listeria Species ◽  
Adult Mice ◽  
Listeria Ivanovii

To determine the incidence of Listeria monocytogenes in raw milk, an isolation method was evaluated and used to analyze milk from three areas of the United States. The incidence varied by area from 0% in California to 7% in Massachusetts, with an overall incidence of 4.2%. The highest incidence found in any area during a single sampling period was 12% in Massachusetts in March 1985. During that same sampling, the incidence for all Listeria species was 26%. Of the 27 L. monocytogenes strains isolated during the survey, 25 were pathogenic in adult mice. One of three Listeria ivanovii isolated was pathogenic. No other isolates demonstrated pathogenicity.

Food-Borne Epidemic of Streptococcal Pharyngitis at the United States Air Force Academy

1969 ◽  
Vol 280 (17) ◽  
pp. 917-921 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry R. Hill ◽  
Robert A. Zimmerman ◽  
Gordon V. K. Reid ◽  
Elizabeth Wilson ◽  
Roger M. Kilton
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Air Force ◽  
United States Air Force ◽  
The United States ◽  
Streptococcal Pharyngitis ◽  
Air Force Academy ◽  
Food Borne

Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis applied for comparing Listeria monocytogenes strains involved in outbreaks

1993 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 395-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Buchrieser ◽  
R. Brosch ◽  
B. Catimel ◽  
J. Rocourt
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Chromosomal Dna ◽  
Restriction Patterns ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Dna Restriction Fragments ◽  
Dna Restriction

Recent food-borne outbreaks of human listeriosis as well as numerous sporadic cases have been mainly caused by Listeria monocytogenes serovar 4b strains. Thus, it was of interest to find out whether a certain clone or a certain few clones were responsible for these cases and especially for outbreaks., We used pulsed-field gel electrophoresis of large chromosomal DNA restriction fragments generated by ApaI, SmaI, or NotI to analyse 75 L. monocytogenes strains isolated during six major and eight smaller recent listeriosis outbreaks. These strains could be divided into 20 different genomic varieties. Thirteen of 14 strains isolated during major epidemics in Switzerland (1983–1987), the United States (California, 1985) and Denmark (1985–1987) demonstrated indistinguishable DNA restriction patterns. In contrast, strains responsible for the outbreaks in Canada (Nova Scotia, 1981), the United States (Massachusetts, 1983), France (Anjou, 1975–1976), New Zealand (1969), and Austria (1986) and some smaller outbreaks in France (1987, 1988, 1989) were each characterized by particular combinations of DNA restriction patterns. Seventy-seven percent of the tested strains could be classified into the previously described ApaI group A (Brosch et al. 1991), demonstrating a very close genomic relatedness. Because 49% of the epidemic strains selected for this study belonged to phagovar 2389/2425/3274/2671/47/108/340 or 2389/47/108/340, fifty-six additional strains of these phagovars, isolated from various origins, were also typed to determine whether differences in DNA restriction profiles between epidemic and randomly selected strains of the same phagovars could be pointed out. Variations in DNA patterns appeared more frequently within randomly selected strains than within epidemic strains.Key words: Listeria monocytogenes, listeriosis, typing, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, epidemic.

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