scholarly journals Differentiation of Fusarium subglutinansf. sp. pini by Histone Gene Sequence Data

1999 ◽  
Vol 65 (8) ◽  
pp. 3401-3406 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. T. Steenkamp ◽  
B. D. Wingfield ◽  
T. A. Coutinho ◽  
M. J. Wingfield ◽  
W. F. O. Marasas
Keyword(s):  
Species Complex ◽  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Histone H3 ◽  
Biological Species ◽  
Gibberella Fujikuroi ◽  
Exon Sequence ◽  
Pathogenicity Tests ◽  
Histone H3 Gene

ABSTRACT Fusarium subglutinans f. sp. pini (=F. circinatum) is a pathogen of pine and is one of eight mating populations (i.e., biological species) in the Gibberella fujikuroi species complex. This species complex includes F. thapsinum, F. moniliforme (= F. verticillioides), F. nygamai, and F. proliferatum, as well as F. subglutinans associated with sugarcane, maize, mango, and pineapple. Differentiating these forms of F. subglutinans usually requires pathogenicity tests, which are often time-consuming and inconclusive. Our objective was to develop a technique to differentiate isolates of F. subglutinans f. sp. pini from other isolates identified as F. subglutinans. We sequenced the histone H3 gene from a representative set of Fusarium isolates. The H3 gene sequence was conserved and contained two introns in all the isolates studied. From both the intron and the exon sequence data, we developed a PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism technique that reliably distinguishes F. subglutinans f. sp.pini from the other biological species in the G. fujikuroi species complex.

scholarly journals Gibberella xylarioides Sensu Lato from Coffea canephora: a New Mating Population in the Gibberella fujikuroi Species Complex

2005 ◽  
Vol 71 (12) ◽  
pp. 8466-8471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pascale C. E. Lepoint ◽  
Françoise T. J. Munaut ◽  
Henri M. M. Maraite
Keyword(s):  
Mating Type ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Coffea Canephora ◽  
Biological Species ◽  
West African ◽  
Gibberella Fujikuroi ◽  
Translation Elongation ◽  
Gibberella Fujikuroi Species Complex

ABSTRACT Gibberella xylarioides Heim & Saccas (presumed anamorph, Fusarium xylarioides Steyaert) is the causal agent of coffee wilt disease, an economically important tracheomycosis in Africa. In vitro crosses carried out with Congolese, Ugandan, and Tanzanian single-ascospore/conidial isolates originating from diseased Coffea canephora/excelsa demonstrated a heterothallic mating system, controlled by a single locus with two alleles, MAT-1 and MAT-2. Compatible isolates produced fertile perithecia within 2 to 8 weeks after mating. Mating type (MAT) was characterized by PCR with primer pairs previously developed for the Gibberella fujikuroi species complex (GFC) and for Fusarium oxysporum. All strains analyzed were morphologically identical and corresponded to Booth's description of the “female” F. xylarioides strain. Based on crossing results and MAT-2/translation elongation 1-α (tef) sequence data, G. xylarioides, as currently understood, is demonstrated to encompass at least three “groups”: G. xylarioides sensu strictu Ia, defined hitherto by two “historical” West African strains originating from the severe 1930s to 1950s epidemic (CBS 25852 and CBS 74979); G. xylarioides sensu strictu Ib, defined by two “historical” Central African lowland strains (DSMZ 62457 and ATCC 15664); and G. xylarioides sensu lato II, containing Congolese, Ugandan, and Tanzanian C. canephora/excelsa isolates. Infertility of crosses between the coffee wilt pathogen and known GFC mating populations demonstrates that G. xylarioides sensu lato constitutes a new biological species within the G. fujikuroi complex. MUCL 44532/MUCL 43887 and MUCL 35223/MUCL 44549 are proposed as G. xylarioides sensu lato II MAT-1/MAT-2 reference mating type tester strains.

scholarly journals Development of a PCRRFLP method to distinguish species within the Ilyonectria macrodidyma complex

2014 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
pp. 151-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. Outram ◽  
E.E. Jones ◽  
M.V. Jaspers ◽  
H.J. Ridgway
Keyword(s):  
In Silico ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Histone H3 ◽  
Individual Species ◽  
Intraspecific Polymorphism ◽  
Foot Disease ◽  
Histone H3 Gene ◽  
Black Foot ◽  
Black Foot Disease

Species within the Ilyonectria macrodidyma complex are known plant pathogens and several are implicated as the causal agents of black foot disease of grapevines The seven species within the complex can be identified by DNA sequencing of the histone H3 gene In this study a PCRRFLP method to identify the species was developed In silico digestion of the 500 bp histone H3 amplimer using MnlI showed that it could identify Ilyonectria sp 1 Ilyonectria sp 2 I alcacerensis and I macrodidyma Subsequent in silico digestion with Hinf1 identified I estremocensis I novozelandica and I torresensis The PCRRFLP was validated using a collection of 40 I macrodidyma complex isolates that had been recovered from symptomatic grapevines Ilyonectria macrodidyma I novozelandica and I torresensis were detected in that collection Intraspecific polymorphism was only detected in I torresensis This method provides a rapid procedure for identifying individual species of the I macrodidyma species complex

scholarly journals Cross Interaction Between Ilyonectria mors-panacis Isolates Infecting Korean Ginseng and Ginseng Saponins in Correlation with Their Pathogenicity

2017 ◽  
Vol 107 (5) ◽  
pp. 561-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed El-Agamy Farh ◽  
Yeon-Ju Kim ◽  
Priyanka Singh ◽  
Deok-Chun Yang
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Histone H3 ◽  
Culture Collections ◽  
Antifungal Effect ◽  
Molecular Approaches ◽  
Saponin Content ◽  
Pathogenicity Tests ◽  
Korean Ginseng

Ilyonectria mors-panacis belongs to I. radicicola species complex and causes root rot and replant failure of ginseng in Asia and North America. The aims of this work were to identify I. mors-panacis that infect Korean ginseng using molecular approaches and to investigate whether their aggressiveness depends on their ability to metabolize ginseng saponins (ginsenosides) by their β-glucosidases, in comparison with other identified Ilyonectria species. Fourteen isolates were collected from culture collections or directly isolated from infected roots and mainly identified based on histone H3 (HIS H3) sequence. Among them, six isolates were identified as I. mors-panacis while others were identified as I. robusta and I. leucospermi. The pathogenicity tests confirmed that the isolates of I. mors-panacis were significantly more aggressive than I. robusta and I. leucospermi. The major ginsenosides in I. mors-panacis-infected roots were significantly reduced while significantly increased in those infected with other species. In vitro, the isolates were tested for their sensitivity and ability to metabolize the total major ginsenosides (Total MaG), protopanaxadiol-type major ginsenosides (PPD-type MaG), and protopanaxatriol-type major ginsenosides (PPT-type MaG). Unexpectedly, the growth rate and metabolic ability of I. mors-panacis isolates were significantly low on the three different ginsenoside fractions while those of I. robusta and I. leucospermi were significantly reduced on PPT-type MaG and Total MaG fractions and not affected on PPD-type MaG fraction. Our results indicate that major ginsenosides, especially PPT-type, have an antifungal effect and may intervene in ginseng defense during Ilyonectria species invasion, in particular the weak species. Also, the pathogenicity of I. mors-panacis may rely on its ability to reduce saponin content; however, whether this reduction is caused by detoxification or another method remains unclear.

scholarly journals PCR-Based Identification of MAT-1 andMAT-2 in the Gibberella fujikuroi Species Complex

2000 ◽  
Vol 66 (10) ◽  
pp. 4378-4382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma T. Steenkamp ◽  
Brenda D. Wingfield ◽  
Teresa A. Coutinho ◽  
Kurt A. Zeller ◽  
Michael J. Wingfield ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Complex ◽  
Fusarium Verticillioides ◽  
Fusarium Culmorum ◽  
Biological Species ◽  
Gibberella Fujikuroi ◽  
Additional Species ◽  
Individual Mating ◽  
Sexual Cross ◽  
Phylogenetic Lineages ◽  
Gibberella Fujikuroi Species Complex

ABSTRACT All sexually fertile strains in the Gibberella fujikuroi species complex are heterothallic, with individual mating types conferred by the broadly conserved ascomycete idiomorphsMAT-1 and MAT-2. We sequenced both alleles from all eight mating populations, developed a multiplex PCR technique to distinguish these idiomorphs, and tested it with representative strains from all eight biological species and 22 additional species or phylogenetic lineages from this species complex. In most cases, either an ∼800-bp fragment from MAT-2 or an ∼200-bp fragment from MAT-1 is amplified. The amplified fragments cosegregate with mating type, as defined by sexual cross-fertility, in a cross of Fusarium moniliforme (Fusarium verticillioides). Neither of the primer pairs amplify fragments from Fusarium species such as Fusarium graminearum, Fusarium pseudograminearum, andFusarium culmorum, which have, or are expected to have,Gibberella sexual stages but are thought to be relatively distant from the species in the G. fujikuroi species complex. Our results suggest that MAT allele sequences are useful indicators of phylogenetic relatedness in these and otherFusarium species.

scholarly journals Molecular Standardization of Mating Type Terminology in the Gibberella fujikuroi Species Complex

1999 ◽  
Vol 65 (9) ◽  
pp. 4071-4076 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Kerényi ◽  
K. Zeller ◽  
L. Hornok ◽  
J. F. Leslie
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequence ◽  
Mating Type ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Pcr Primers ◽  
Biological Species ◽  
Gibberella Fujikuroi ◽  
Gibberella Fujikuroi Species Complex ◽  
Sexual Crosses ◽  
Standard Tester ◽  
Sequence Similarities

ABSTRACT Mating type in the Gibberella fujikuroi species complex is controlled by a single locus with two alleles and is usually identified following sexual crosses with standard, female-fertile tester isolates. The mating type alleles have been arbitrarily designated “+” and “−” within each biological species, and the nomenclature is tied to the standard tester strains. We developed a pair of PCR primers that can be used to amplify a unique fragment of one of the mating type alleles (MAT-2) from at least seven of the biological species in this species complex. Based on the amplification pattern, we propose a replacement for the existing, arbitrary +/− terminology that is presently in use. The new terminology is based on DNA sequence similarities between the mating type allele fragments from the biological species of the G. fujikuroi species complex and the corresponding fragments from other filamentous ascomycetes.

scholarly journals Fuzzy Pedicel: A New Postharvest Disease of Banana

Plant Disease ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 94 (5) ◽  
pp. 621-627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tara L. Tarnowski ◽  
José M. Pérez-Martínez ◽  
Randy C. Ploetz
Keyword(s):  
Species Complex ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
The United States ◽  
Gibberella Fujikuroi ◽  
Postharvest Disease ◽  
Banana Fruit ◽  
Benzimidazole Fungicides ◽  
Gibberella Fujikuroi Species Complex ◽  
Transnational Company

Banana fruit of the Cavendish subgroup, Musa acuminata, are significant international commodities. Recently, a transnational company attempted to develop single fruit (fingers) as a product in the United States. In the summer of 2007, an unknown problem developed (hereafter, “fuzzy pedicel”), wherein mats of fluffy gray to white mycelial mats covered large portions of the pedicel surface of fruit when they were packed in gas-permeable containers. Fungi from two genera sporulated on examined pedicels: Sporothrix, which occurred on 72% of the affected pedicels, and Fusarium (6%); other fungi were sterile. From pedicel tissue, four genera of fungi were isolated on potato dextrose agar: Sporothrix and Fusarium and, less frequently, Pestalotiopsis and Nigrospora. Based on alignment with internal transcribed spacer and β-tubulin sequence data, the Sporothrix isolates were closely related to those in an environmental Ophiostoma/Sporothrix clade that contains Sporothrix stylites, S. humicola, and S. pallida but not the human pathogen S. schenkii. Based on EF1α gene sequences, four species in the Gibberella fujikuroi species complex (Fusarium proliferatum, F. pseudocircinatum, F. sacchari, and F. verticillioides) and two unnamed taxa in the F. incarnatum-equiseti species complex were identified. After artificial inoculation, representative Sporothrix and Fusarium isolates caused fuzzy pedicel symptoms on fruit of ‘Grand Nain,’ a commercial Cavendish cultivar. Fuzzy pedicel development was inhibited at 14°C (temperature at which fruit are shipped) but developed at 25°C (temperature at which fruit are marketed). Sporothrix isolates were insensitive to thiophanate-methyl fungicide in vitro and when used to treat pedicel surfaces prior to inoculation. Thus, it appears that benzimidazole fungicides would be ineffective as postharvest treatments for this problem. In summary, a new postharvest disease of banana, fuzzy pedicel, affects single fingers. It is caused by Sporothrix sp. and several species of Fusarium. Sporothrix spp. and F. pseudocircinatum have not been reported previously on banana.

scholarly journals Fusarium subglutinans f. sp.pini Represents a Distinct Mating Population in theGibberella fujikuroi Species Complex

1999 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 1198-1201 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Britz ◽  
T. A. Coutinho ◽  
M. J. Wingfield ◽  
W. F. O. Marasas ◽  
T. R. Gordon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Biological Species ◽  
Gibberella Fujikuroi ◽  
Pitch Canker ◽  
Fusarium Subglutinans ◽  
Mating Population ◽  
Standard Tester ◽  
Distinct Taxon

ABSTRACT Fusarium strains in the Gibberella fujikuroi species complex cause diseases on a variety of economically important plants. One of these diseases, pitch canker of Pinus spp., is caused by strains identified asFusarium subglutinans f. sp. pini. Fertile crosses were detected between F. subglutinans f. sp.pini strains from South Africa, California, and Florida.F. subglutinans f. sp. pini strains were not cross-fertile with the standard tester strains of six of the seven other mating populations of G. fujikuroi. Sporadic perithecia with ascospores were obtained in two crosses with the mating population B tester strains. These perithecia were homothallic, and the ascospores derived from these perithecia were vegetatively compatible with the mating population B tester strain parent. We concluded that fertile F. subglutinans f. sp. pini isolates represent a new mating population (mating population H) of G. fujikuroi and that they belong to a unique biological species in a distinct taxon.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document