scholarly journals Isolation and Characterization of a Helicobacter sp. from the Gastric Mucosa of Dolphins, Lagenorhynchus acutusand Delphinus delphis

2000 ◽  
Vol 66 (11) ◽  
pp. 4751-4757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia M. G. Harper ◽  
Charles A. Dangler ◽  
Shilu Xu ◽  
Yan Feng ◽  
Zeli Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Gastric Ulcers ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Common Dolphin ◽  
Pathogenic Potential ◽  
16S Rrna Analysis ◽  
Ulcer Disease ◽  
Delphinus Delphis ◽  
Isolation And Characterization

ABSTRACT Gastric ulcerations in dolphins have been reported for decades. Some of these lesions were associated with parasitic infections. However, cases of nonparasitic gastric ulcers with no clearly defined etiology also have been reported in wild and captive dolphins. Considerable speculation exists as to whether dolphins haveHelicobacter-associated gastritis and peptic ulcer disease. The stomachs of seven stranded Atlantic white-sided dolphins,Lagenorhynchus acutus, and 1 common dolphin,Delphinus delphis, were assessed for the presence ofHelicobacter species. Novel Helicobacterspecies were identified by culture in the gastric mucosa of two of the eight dolphins studied and by PCR in seven of the eight dolphins. The gram-negative organisms were urease, catalase, and oxidase positive. Spiral to fusiform bacteria were detected in gastric mucosa by Warthin Starry staining. Histopathology revealed mild to moderate diffuse lymphoplasmacytic gastritis within the superficial mucosa of the main stomach. The pyloric stomach was less inflamed, and bacteria did not extend deep into the glands. The lesions parallel those observed inHelicobacter pylori-infected humans. Bacteria from two dolphins classified by 16S rRNA analysis clustered with gastric helicobacters and represent a novel Helicobacter sp. most closely related to H. pylori. These findings suggest that a novel Helicobacter sp. may play a role in the etiopathogenesis of gastritis and gastric ulcers in dolphins. To our knowledge this represents the first isolation and characterization of a novel Helicobacter sp. from a marine mammal and emphasizes the wide host distribution and pathogenic potential of this increasingly important genus.

scholarly journals Characterization of Staphylococcus intermedius Group Isolates Associated with Animals from Antarctica and Emended Description of Staphylococcus delphini

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronika Vrbovská ◽  
Ivo Sedláček ◽  
Michal Zeman ◽  
Pavel Švec ◽  
Vojtěch Kovařovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rpob Gene ◽  
Protein Distribution ◽  
Pathogenic Potential ◽  
Weddell Seals ◽  
Polymerase Beta ◽  
Flight Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Staphylococcus Intermedius ◽  
The Antarctic

Members of the genus Staphylococcus are widespread in nature and occupy a variety of niches, however, staphylococcal colonization of animals in the Antarctic environment has not been adequately studied. Here, we describe the first isolation and characterization of two Staphylococcus intermedius group (SIG) members, Staphylococcus delphini and Staphylococcus pseudintermedius, in Antarctic wildlife. Staphylococcus delphini were found exclusively in Adélie penguins. The report of S. pseudintermedius from Weddell seals confirmed its occurrence in all families of the suborder Caniformia. Partial RNA polymerase beta-subunit (rpoB) gene sequencing, repetitive PCR fingerprinting with the (GTG)5 primer, and matrix-assisted laser-desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry gave consistent identification results and proved to be suitable for identifying SIG members. Comparative genomics of S. delphini isolates revealed variable genomic elements, including new prophages, a novel phage-inducible chromosomal island, and numerous putative virulence factors. Surface and extracellular protein distribution were compared between genomes and showed strain-specific profiles. The pathogenic potential of S. delphini was enhanced by a novel type of exfoliative toxin, trypsin-like serine protease cluster, and enterotoxin C. Detailed analysis of phenotypic characteristics performed on six Antarctic isolates of S. delphini and eight reference strains from different animal sources enabled us to emend the species description of S. delphini.

Isolation and characterization of urease positive novel Heucobacter spp isolated from gastric mucosa of white sided dolphins (lagenorhynchus acutus)

2000 ◽  
Vol 118 (4) ◽  
pp. A473
Author(s):  
James G. Fox ◽  
Claudia Mg Harper ◽  
Shilu Xu ◽  
Floyd E. Dewhirst ◽  
Bruce J. Paster
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Lagenorhynchus Acutus

scholarly journals Studies on gastric mucoproteins. The isolation and characterization of the mucoprotein of the water-soluble mucus from pig cardiac gastric mucosa

1971 ◽  
Vol 123 (5) ◽  
pp. 845-853 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Snary ◽  
A. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Sialic Acid ◽  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Group Activities ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Two Peaks ◽  
Sepharose 4B

1. Gel filtration of the water-soluble radioactive mucus produced three radioactive fractions, fraction A excluded on Sepharose 4B, fraction B included on Sepharose 4B but excluded on Sephadex G-200, and fraction C included on Sephadex G-200. 2. The specific radioactivities of fractions A and B were the same, with fraction C a little lower, whether the material was labelled with 14C-labelled carbohydrate or with 3H-labelled protein prepared by incubation of mucosal scrapings in vitro with [U-14C]glucose or [G-3H]threonine respectively. 3. Fractions A and B had an analysis of protein 22%, hexose 28%, hexosamine 28%, fucose 10% and sialic acid 1%; fraction C had an analysis closely similar to this, except that it contained about 10% of a protein contaminant. 4. All three fractions had closely similar A and H blood-group activities. 5. Ultracentrifuge studies showed fractions A, B and C were polydisperse with s025,w values of 18.7S, 4.9S and 3.9S respectively. 6. The unfractionated water-soluble mucus contained only two peaks, fraction A 18.7S and a peak of 4.4S, which was a combination of fractions B and C. 7. The radioactive mucoprotein accounted for 85% by weight of the soluble mucus and the results show that it consisted of two distinct fractions A and B–C, which were chemically, biosynthetically and immunologically very similar.

Revisiting theAcanthamoebaspecies that form star-shaped cysts (genotypes T7, T8, T9, and T17): characterization of seven new Brazilian environmental isolates and phylogenetic inferences

Parasitology ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 139 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANA C. M. MAGLIANO ◽  
MARTA M. G. TEIXEIRA ◽  
SILVIA C. ALFIERI
Keyword(s):  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Sequence Divergence ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Pathogenic Potential ◽  
Morphological Group ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group 2

SUMMARYFree-living amoebae of the genusAcanthamoebaare the agents of both opportunistic and non-opportunistic infections and are frequently isolated from the environment. Of the 17 genotypes (T1–T17) identified thus far, 4 (T7, T8, T9, and T17) accommodate the rarely investigated species of morphological group I, those that form large, star-shaped cysts. We report the isolation and characterization of 7 new Brazilian environmentalAcanthamoebaisolates, all assigned to group I. Phylogenetic analyses based on partial (∼1200 bp) SSU rRNA gene sequences placed the new isolates in the robustly supported clade composed of the species of morphological group I. One of the Brazilian isolates is closely related toA. comandoni(genotype T9), while the other 6, together with 2 isolates recently assigned to genotype T17, form a homogeneous, well-supported group (2 0% sequence divergence) that likely represents a newAcanthamoebaspecies. Thermotolerance, osmotolerance, and cytophatic effects, features often associated with pathogenic potential, were also examined. The results indicated that all 7 Brazilian isolates grow at temperatures up to 40°C, and resist under hyperosmotic conditions. Additionally, media conditioned by each of the newAcanthamoebaisolates induced the disruption of SIRC and HeLa cell monolayers.

scholarly journals Isolation and characterization of a novel serine proteinase complexed with alpha 2-macroglobulin from porcine gastric mucosa.

1993 ◽  
Vol 268 (1) ◽  
pp. 527-533
Author(s):  
T. Uchino ◽  
Y. Sakurai ◽  
M. Nishigai ◽  
T. Takahashi ◽  
H. Arakawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Serine Proteinase ◽  
Isolation And Characterization

scholarly journals Isolation and Characterization of Strains CVO and FWKO B, Two Novel Nitrate-Reducing, Sulfide-Oxidizing Bacteria Isolated from Oil Field Brine

2000 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
pp. 2491-2501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane Gevertz ◽  
Anita J. Telang ◽  
Gerrit Voordouw ◽  
Gary E. Jenneman
Keyword(s):  
Elemental Sulfur ◽  
Sulfide Oxidation ◽  
Sulfur Cycle ◽  
Oil Field ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
16S Rrna Analysis ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Sulfur Bacteria ◽  
Sole Product

ABSTRACT Bacterial strains CVO and FWKO B were isolated from produced brine at the Coleville oil field in Saskatchewan, Canada. Both strains are obligate chemolithotrophs, with hydrogen, formate, and sulfide serving as the only known energy sources for FWKO B, whereas sulfide and elemental sulfur are the only known electron donors for CVO. Neither strain uses thiosulfate as an energy source. Both strains are microaerophiles (1% O2). In addition, CVO grows by denitrification of nitrate or nitrite whereas FWKO B reduces nitrate only to nitrite. Elemental sulfur is the sole product of sulfide oxidation by FWKO B, while CVO produces either elemental sulfur or sulfate, depending on the initial concentration of sulfide. Both strains are capable of growth under strictly autotrophic conditions, but CVO uses acetate as well as CO2 as its sole carbon source. Neither strain reduces sulfate; however, FWKO B reduces sulfur and displays chemolithoautotrophic growth in the presence of elemental sulfur, hydrogen, and CO2. Both strains grow at temperatures between 5 and 40°C. CVO is capable of growth at NaCl concentrations as high as 7%. The present 16s rRNA analysis suggests that both strains are members of the epsilon subdivision of the division Proteobacteria, with CVO most closely related toThiomicrospira denitrifcans and FWKO B most closely related to members of the genus Arcobacter. The isolation of these two novel chemolithotrophic sulfur bacteria from oil field brine suggests the presence of a subterranean sulfur cycle driven entirely by hydrogen, carbon dioxide, and nitrate.

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