scholarly journals Biomarker Evidence for Widespread Anaerobic Methane Oxidation in Mediterranean Sediments by a Consortium of Methanogenic Archaea and Bacteria

2000 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 1126-1132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard D. Pancost ◽  
Jaap S. Sinninghe Damsté ◽  
Saskia de Lint ◽  
Marc J. E. C. van der Maarel ◽  
Jan C. Gottschal
Keyword(s):  
Methane Oxidation ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Methanogenic Archaea ◽  
Anaerobic Methane Oxidation ◽  
Geochemical Data ◽  
Mud Volcanoes ◽  
Terminal Electron Acceptor ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Microbiological Process ◽  
Reducing Bacteria

ABSTRACT Although abundant geochemical data indicate that anaerobic methane oxidation occurs in marine sediments, the linkage to specific microorganisms remains unclear. In order to examine processes of methane consumption and oxidation, sediment samples from mud volcanoes at two distinct sites on the Mediterranean Ridge were collected via the submersible Nautile. Geochemical data strongly indicate that methane is oxidized under anaerobic conditions, and compound-specific carbon isotope analyses indicate that this reaction is facilitated by a consortium of archaea and bacteria. Specifically, these methane-rich sediments contain high abundances of methanogen-specific biomarkers that are significantly depleted in13C (δ13C values are as low as −95‰). Biomarkers inferred to derive from sulfate-reducing bacteria and other heterotrophic bacteria are similarly depleted. Consistent with previous work, such depletion can be explained by consumption of13C-depleted methane by methanogens operating in reverse and as part a consortium of organisms in which sulfate serves as the terminal electron acceptor. Moreover, our results indicate that this process is widespread in Mediterranean mud volcanoes and in some localized settings is the predominant microbiological process.

A new intra-aerobic metabolism in the nitrite-dependent anaerobic methane-oxidizing bacterium Candidatus ‘Methylomirabilis oxyfera’

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 243-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming L. Wu ◽  
Katharina F. Ettwig ◽  
Mike S.M. Jetten ◽  
Marc Strous ◽  
Jan T. Keltjens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Methane Oxidation ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Methanogenic Archaea ◽  
Anaerobic Methane Oxidation ◽  
Oxidation Pathway ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Oxidation Of Methane ◽  
Aerobic Methanotrophs ◽  
Reverse Methanogenesis

Biological methane oxidation proceeds either through aerobic or anaerobic pathways. The newly discovered bacterium Candidatus ‘Methylomirabilis oxyfera’ challenges this dichotomy. This bacterium performs anaerobic methane oxidation coupled to denitrification, but does so in a peculiar way. Instead of scavenging oxygen from the environment, like the aerobic methanotrophs, or driving methane oxidation by reverse methanogenesis, like the methanogenic archaea in sulfate-reducing systems, it produces its own supply of oxygen by metabolizing nitrite via nitric oxide into oxygen and dinitrogen gas. The intracellularly produced oxygen is then used for the oxidation of methane by the classical aerobic methane oxidation pathway involving methane mono-oxygenase. The present mini-review summarizes the current knowledge about this process and the micro-organism responsible for it.

scholarly journals Biogeochemical and Molecular Signatures of Anaerobic Methane Oxidation in a Marine Sediment

2001 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 1646-1656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trine R. Thomsen ◽  
Kai Finster ◽  
Niels B. Ramsing
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Transition Zone ◽  
Methane Oxidation ◽  
Marine Sediment ◽  
Anaerobic Methane Oxidation ◽  
Molecular Signatures ◽  
Gene Sequences ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Reducing Bacteria ◽  
Eel River Basin

ABSTRACT Anaerobic methane oxidation was investigated in 6-m-long cores of marine sediment from Aarhus Bay, Denmark. Measured concentration profiles for methane and sulfate, as well as in situ rates determined with isotope tracers, indicated that there was a narrow zone of anaerobic methane oxidation about 150 cm below the sediment surface. Methane could account for 52% of the electron donor requirement for the peak sulfate reduction rate detected in the sulfate-methane transition zone. Molecular signatures of organisms present in the transition zone were detected by using selective PCR primers for sulfate-reducing bacteria and for Archaea. One primer pair amplified the dissimilatory sulfite reductase (DSR) gene of sulfate-reducing bacteria, whereas another primer (ANME) was designed to amplify archaeal sequences found in a recent study of sediments from the Eel River Basin, as these bacteria have been suggested to be anaerobic methane oxidizers (K. U. Hinrichs, J. M. Hayes, S. P. Sylva, P. G. Brewer, and E. F. DeLong, Nature 398:802–805, 1999). Amplification with the primer pairs produced more amplificate of both target genes with samples from the sulfate-methane transition zone than with samples from the surrounding sediment. Phylogenetic analysis of the DSR gene sequences retrieved from the transition zone revealed that they all belonged to a novel deeply branching lineage of diverse DSR gene sequences not related to any previously described DSR gene sequence. In contrast, DSR gene sequences found in the top sediment were related to environmental sequences from other estuarine sediments and to sequences of members of the generaDesulfonema, Desulfococcus, andDesulfosarcina. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA sequences obtained with the primers targeting the archaeal group of possible anaerobic methane oxidizers revealed two clusters of ANME sequences, both of which were affiliated with sequences from the Eel River Basin.

Removal of lead by sulfate-reducing bacteria in anaerobic continuous stirred tank reactors

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 557-561
Author(s):  
Nguyễn Thị Yên ◽  
Kiều Thị Quỳnh Hoa
Keyword(s):  
Sulfate Reducing Bacteria ◽  
Stirred Tank ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Terminal Electron Acceptor ◽  
Stirred Tank Reactors ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Sulfide Production ◽  
Continuous Stirred Tank ◽  
Continuous Stirred Tank Reactors ◽  
Reducing Bacteria

Lead contaminated wastewater negatively impacts to living organisms as well as humans. In recent years, a highly promising biological process using the anaerobic production of sulfide ions by sulfate-reducing bacteria has presented itself as an alternative option for the removal of lead. This process is based on microbial utilization of electron donors, such as organic compounds (carbon sources), and sulfate as the terminal electron acceptor for sulfide production. The biogenic hydrogen sulfide reacts with dissolved heavy metals to form insoluble metal sulfide precipitates Removal of lead by an enriched consortium of sulfate-reducing bacteria (DM10) was evaluated sulfate reduction, sulfide production and lead precipitation. Four parallel anaerobic continuous stirred tank reactors (CSTR, V = 2L) (referred as R1 - R4) were fed with synthetic wastewater containing Pb2+ in the concentrations of 0, 100, 150 and 200 mg L-1 of lead and operated with a hydraulic retention time of 5 days for 40 days. The loading rates of each metal in R1- R4 were 0, 20, 30 and 40 mg L-1 d-1, respectively. The results showed that there was no inhibition of SRB growth and that lead removal efficiencies of 99-100% for Pb2+ were achieved in R2 (100 mg L-1) and R3 (150 mg L-1) throughout the experiment. For the highest lead concentration of  200 mg L-1, a decrease in efficiency of removal (from 100 to 96%) was observed at the end of the experiment. The obtained result of this study might help for a better control operation and performance improvements of reactors.

scholarly journals Growth of Anaerobic Methane-Oxidizing Archaea and Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria in a High-Pressure Membrane Capsule Bioreactor

2014 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 1286-1296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peer H. A. Timmers ◽  
Jarno Gieteling ◽  
H. C. Aura Widjaja-Greefkes ◽  
Caroline M. Plugge ◽  
Alfons J. M. Stams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Partial Pressure ◽  
Methane Oxidation ◽  
Ambient Pressure ◽  
Sulfate Reducing Bacteria ◽  
Sulfide Concentration ◽  
Methane Pressure ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Oxidation Rates ◽  
Reducing Bacteria

ABSTRACTCommunities of anaerobic methane-oxidizing archaea (ANME) and sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) grow slowly, which limits the ability to perform physiological studies. High methane partial pressure was previously successfully applied to stimulate growth, but it is not clear how different ANME subtypes and associated SRB are affected by it. Here, we report on the growth of ANME-SRB in a membrane capsule bioreactor inoculated with Eckernförde Bay sediment that combines high-pressure incubation (10.1 MPa methane) and thorough mixing (100 rpm) with complete cell retention by a 0.2-μm-pore-size membrane. The results were compared to previously obtained data from an ambient-pressure (0.101 MPa methane) bioreactor inoculated with the same sediment. The rates of oxidation of labeled methane were not higher at 10.1 MPa, likely because measurements were done at ambient pressure. The subtype ANME-2a/b was abundant in both reactors, but subtype ANME-2c was enriched only at 10.1 MPa. SRB at 10.1 MPa mainly belonged to the SEEP-SRB2 and Eel-1 groups and theDesulfuromonadalesand not to the typically found SEEP-SRB1 group. The increase of ANME-2a/b occurred in parallel with the increase of SEEP-SRB2, which was previously found to be associated only with ANME-2c. Our results imply that the syntrophic association is flexible and that methane pressure and sulfide concentration influence the growth of different ANME-SRB consortia. We also studied the effect of elevated methane pressure on methane production and oxidation by a mixture of methanogenic and sulfate-reducing sludge. Here, methane oxidation rates decreased and were not coupled to sulfide production, indicating trace methane oxidation during net methanogenesis and not anaerobic methane oxidation, even at a high methane partial pressure.

Quantitative ecology of psychrophilic bacteria in an aquatic environment and characterization of heterotrophic bacteria from permanently cold sediments

1979 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 1433-1442 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. G. Leduc ◽  
G. D. Ferroni
Keyword(s):  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Sulfate Reducing Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Quantitative Ecology ◽  
Physiological Group ◽  
Sulfur Oxidizing ◽  
Reducing Bacteria

Aerobic heterotrophic bacteria, anaerobic heterotrophic bacteria, ammonifying bacteria, sulfur-oxidizing bacteria, and sulfate-reducing bacteria were quantitated in Fairbank Lake, an oligotrophic to mesotrophic lake with a permanently cold hypolimnion, as a function of depth in three seasons. Representatives of each physiological group were recovered at an incubation temperature of 2 °C and for all the physiological groups the 2 °C counts were usually higher than the 37 °C counts, although sulfate-reducing bacteria were not recoverable at an incubation temperature of 37 °C. In addition, the numbers of each physiological type were generally higher in the sediments than in the water column, except in the case of sulfate-reducing bacteria for which the counts were low and often below the detection limit. Aerobic heterotrophic bacteria usually outnumbered the other physiological groups surveyed, and winter minima were characteristic of some of the physiological groups. A relatively stable density of anaerobic heterotrophic bacteria, as a function of sediment depth, was observed when the incubation temperature was 2 °C. At 37 °C, these anaerobes were not detected, and this was true for sulfate-reducing bacteria at both temperatures.Heterotrophic bacterial isolates from the permanently cold sediments were examined with regard to Gram reaction, the obligate or facultative nature of anaerobes, ability to use ecologically important substrates, psychrophilic type, and temperature range for growth. Isolates recovered at 2 °C were predominantly Gram-negative bacilli, whereas isolates recovered at 37 °C were predominantly Gram-positive bacilli. The anaerobic isolates were mainly Gram-positive bacilli regardless of the isolation temperature, and most of those examined were obligately anaerobic. Many of the isolates tested were positive for gelatinase, chitinase, amylase, and lipase, but none was positive for cellulase. Most of the sediment isolates were facultatively psychrophilic and a considerable fraction of the 37 °C isolates were facultative psychrophiles.

scholarly journals Trace Metal Imaging of Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria and Methanogenic Archaea at Single-Cell Resolution by Synchrotron X-Ray Fluorescence Imaging

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer B. Glass ◽  
Si Chen ◽  
Katherine S. Dawson ◽  
Damian R. Horton ◽  
Stefan Vogt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metal ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Fluorescence Imaging ◽  
Methanogenic Archaea ◽  
Sulfate Reducing Bacteria ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Reducing Bacteria
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