Lymphocyte subpopulation reference ranges for monitoring human immunodeficiency virus-infected Chinese adults.

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to establish reference ranges for lymphocyte subsets in Chinese adults. Venous blood specimens were obtained from 614 healthy, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-seronegative adults in Shanghai. Flow cytometry was used to determine percentages and absolute numbers of CD4 and CD8 T lymphocytes. Mean values for CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes were 727 and 540 cells/μl, respectively, yielding a CD4/CD8 ratio of 1.49. While CD8 lymphocyte values varied with age and gender, no significant differences in CD4 lymphocyte values were observed. Shanghai adults had approximately 100 fewer CD4 lymphocytes/μl on average than Caucasians, suggesting that lower CD4 lymphocyte cutoffs for classifying and monitoring HIV infection may be needed in China.

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Proposed CD4+T-Cell Criteria for Staging Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Chinese Adults

Clinical Immunology and Immunopathology ◽

10.1006/clin.1998.4570 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 89 (1) ◽

pp. 11-22 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Kai Man Kam ◽

Ka Hing Wong ◽

Patrick Chung Ki Li ◽

Shui Shan Lee ◽

Wai Lin Leung ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

T Cell ◽

Cd4 T Cell ◽

Chinese Adults ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus

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Levels of Cytokines and Immune Activation Markers in Plasma in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection: Quality Control Procedures

Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology ◽

10.1128/cdli.5.6.755-761.1998 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 5 (6) ◽

pp. 755-761 ◽

Cited By ~ 38

Author(s):

Najib Aziz ◽

Parunag Nishanian ◽

John L. Fahey

Keyword(s):

Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Quality Control ◽

T Cell ◽

Interleukin 2 ◽

Cd4 T Cell ◽

Reference Ranges ◽

Activation Markers ◽

Cell Numbers ◽

Tnf Α ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus

ABSTRACT Procedures for quality control (QC) in a laboratory that concentrates on cytokine and soluble marker measurements in biological fluids are outlined. Intra-assay, interassay, and interlaboratory experiences are presented. Plasma and serum β2-microglobulin (β2M) and neopterin test data are presented in greatest detail, along with substantial tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), gamma interferon, soluble interleukin-2 receptor-α (sIL-2Rα), sTNF-RII, IL-4, and IL-6 data. Recommended QC procedures for cytokine and soluble-marker testing include replicate testing of two or more reference samples provided by the kit manufacturer, replicate testing of in-house frozen reference QC samples that represent normal and abnormal analyte contents, retesting 15 to 20% of randomly selected samples, and comparing normal reference ranges each year. Also, eight cytokines and soluble markers were evaluated in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-seronegative and HIV-seropositive individuals stratified on the basis of CD4 T-cell numbers. Levels of some but not all cytokines in serum increased in HIV infection. There was a tendency for cytokines to increase with more advanced disease, defined by reduced CD4 T-cell numbers. Cytokine changes did not relate closely to CD4 level, indicating that separate information was provided by the measurements of TNF-α, sTNF-RII, sIL-2Rα, β2M, and neopterin. Serum IL-4 and TNF-α levels were not increased. The quality of laboratory data can impact on clinical relevance. Interlaboratory comparisons revealed substantial differences at some sites and documented the need for external proficiency-testing quality assurance programs.

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Values of Lymphocyte Subsets in Nepalese Healthy Adult Population

Journal of Nepal Medical Association ◽

10.31729/jnma.45 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 52 (185) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

G Shakya ◽

S P Dumre ◽

S Malla ◽

M Sharma ◽

K P KC ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

T Lymphocytes ◽

T Lymphocyte ◽

Lymphocyte Count ◽

Lymphocyte Subsets ◽

Healthy Adult ◽

Adult Population ◽

Reference Ranges ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Central Eastern

Introduction: CD4 T lymphocyte is the most commonly used cellular marker in tracking Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection progression and monitoring effect of antiretroviral therapy (ART). Due to lack of local reference values of CD4 and other T lymphocytes in Nepal, most clinical decisions are based on the reference renges of western countries. Methods: This study was conducted at three major hospitals/laboratory of central, eastern and western Nepal during November 2008 through July 2009. Using the predefined criteria, 602 (200, 202 and 200 from central, eastern and western regions respectively) healthy adult volunteers of age range 18-60 years were recruited wiht equal representation from each age group and sex. Blood specimens were screened for HIV following standard algorithm using ELISA and two rapid test kits based on different principles. Samples with discordant test-results were excluded. HIV sero-negative specimens were further analyzed for CD4, CD8 and CD4:CD8 ratio, and absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) by FACS count (Becton Dickinson, USA) and automated cell counter (BC-3000 Plus, Shenzhen Mindray Biomedical Electronics, Germany) respectively. Results: The average value (mean± standard deviation) of CD4, CD8, CD4/CD8 ratio and ALC of Nepalese adult population were found to be 786 ± 248, 567±230, 1.52 ± 0.59 and 2712 ± 836 respectively. All four parameters but CD8 were significantly different with sex and females had relatively higher values. However, none of these parameters reported significant difference with age except the ALC. Conclusions: Nepalese healthy adult populations have significantly different T lymphocyte subsets compared to other countries. The present reference ranges of CD4 and other T lymphocytes may be used for any clinical purposes including classifying and monitoring disease status in HIV infected individuals, immune status evaluation, monitoring ART and accordingly making amendment in national HIV treatment guidelines in Nepal. Keywords:Absolute lymphocyte count, CD4, CD8, human immunodeficiency virus, T lymphocytes.

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