Usefulness of Hydatid Cyst Fluid of Echinococcus granulosus Developed in Mice with Secondary Infection for Serodiagnosis of Cystic Echinococcosis in Humans

ABSTRACT The aim of this work was to assess the usefulness of hydatid cyst fluid (HCF) of Echinococcus granulosus, obtained from mice experimentally infected with hydatid cyst tissue homogenates, for the serodiagnosis of cystic echinococcosis (CE) in humans. The sensitivity and specificity of HCF obtained from mice for the detection of immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies in the sera of CE patients were compared with those of HCF from sheep and/or from a human CE patient by using immunoblotting (IB) and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). HCFs obtained from three different host species all were highly useful for immunoblotting, and sera from 19 (95%) of 20 CE patients equally recognized the antigen B subunit (approximately 8 kDa). HCF from mice showed a cross-reaction with 9 of 20 alveolar echinococcosis (AE) sera (45%), whereas HCFs from two other host species cross-reacted with 14 of the AE sera (70%). Although 2 (10%) of 20 sera from neurocysticercosis (NCC) patients were false positive with HCF from both sheep and humans, none of these sera showed a positive reaction with HCF from mouse origin. ELISAs with HCFs from both mouse and sheep origins detected all 20 CE and AE sera; however, these ELISAs showed 45% (9 of 20) and 60% (12 of 20) false-positive reactions with 20 NCC sera, respectively. The presence of nonspecific human IgG in HCF obtained from a CE patient prevented us from applying it to the ELISA. HCF of E. granulosus, obtained from laboratory mice with a secondary infection with hydatid cyst tissue homogenates, appears to be highly useful for the serodiagnosis of CE in humans and may be useful in domestic animals.

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Does hydatid cyst fluid from Echinococcus granulosus cysts have any effect on cells involved in fibrosis in cystic echinococcosis?

Journal of Bacteriology & Parasitology ◽

10.4172/2155-9597.c1.023 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 07 (05) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ahmed Ali Mohammed

Keyword(s):

Hydatid Cyst ◽

Echinococcus Granulosus ◽

Cystic Echinococcosis ◽

Cyst Fluid ◽

Hydatid Cyst Fluid

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Immunological detection of human and camel cystic echinococcosis using different antigens of hydatid cyst fluid, protoscoleces, and germinal layers

Veterinary World ◽

10.14202/vetworld.2021.270-275 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 270-275

Author(s):

Mohey A. Hassanain ◽

Nagwa I. Toaleb ◽

Raafat M. Shaapan ◽

Nawal A. Hassanain ◽

Ahmed Maher ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hydatid Cyst ◽

Cystic Echinococcosis ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Liver Cyst ◽

Cyst Fluid ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Immunological Study ◽

Immunological Diagnosis ◽

Human Sera ◽

Hydatid Cyst Fluid

Background and Aim: Cystic echinococcosis (CE)/hydatidosis is one of the most prevalent neglected zoonotic diseases. It is initially asymptomatic and does not produce any clinical signs until the cyst becomes enlarged, causing localized pressure on internal organs and tissues. Therefore, the detection of Echinococcus granulosus antibodies is highly essential. This study evaluated the antigens of hydatid cyst fluid, protoscoleces, and germinal layers for efficient immunological diagnosis of CE in humans and camels. Materials and Methods: Hydatid cyst fluid (FLc), protoscoleces (Psc), and the germinal layer (GLc) antigens were prepared from camel-lung hydatid cysts. In the same way, hydatid cyst fluid (FLh) and protoscoleces (Psh) antigens from human-liver cyst aspirate were produced. The comparative immunodiagnostic efficacy of the prepared antigens was verified using indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), SDS-PAGE, and immunoblotting. Results: ELISA proves that FLc and GLc antigens were higher than FLh and Psh antigens. This shows that binding reactivity in naturally infected human sera, camel sera, and Psc is the most potent, exhibiting 100% sensitivity with 78.26% and 76.47% specificity in camel and human sera, respectively. The CE prevalence using diagnostic Psc was 54.79% and 61.32% in tested human and camel sera, respectively. The electrophoretic profiles of all shared antigens showed similarities at 52, 41, and 22 kDa. Immunoblotting demonstrated common immune-reactive bands in all antigen types at 52 and 41 kDa against positive human and camel sera. Conclusion: This immunological study introduces camel hydatid cyst Psc as a potent diagnostic antigen and new immune-reactive fractions of 52 and 41 kDa for diagnosing hydatidosis in humans and camels.

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