scholarly journals Identification of an Akinete Marker Gene in Anabaena variabilis

2002 ◽  
Vol 184 (9) ◽  
pp. 2529-2532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruanbao Zhou ◽  
C. Peter Wolk
Keyword(s):  
Pattern Formation ◽  
Marker Gene ◽  
Anabaena Variabilis ◽  
Formation Processes ◽  
Akinete Formation ◽  
Rare Opportunity

ABSTRACT Cyanobacteria that form akinetes as well as heterocysts present a rare opportunity to investigate the relationships between alternative differentiation processes and pattern formation processes in a single bacterium. Because no akinete marker gene has been identified, akinete formation has been little studied genetically. We report the first identification of an akinete marker gene.

scholarly journals Geological pattern formation by growth and dissolution in aqueous systems

2009 ◽  
Vol 466 (2115) ◽  
pp. 659-694 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Meakin ◽  
Bjørn Jamtveit
Keyword(s):  
Pattern Formation ◽  
Secondary Effect ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Formation Processes ◽  
Aqueous Systems ◽  
Interfacial Chemistry ◽  
Aqueous Chemistry ◽  
Turbulent Fluids ◽  
Supersaturated Solutions ◽  
Dissolution Of Minerals

Progress towards the development of a better understanding of the formation of geological patterns in wet systems due to precipitation and dissolution is reviewed. Emphasis is placed on the formation of terraces, stalactites, stalagmites and other carbonate patterns due to precipitation from flowing supersaturated solutions and the formation of scallops by dissolution in undersaturated turbulent fluids. In addition, the formation of spherulites, dendrites and very large, essentially euhedral, crystals is discussed. In most cases, the formation of very similar patterns as a result of the freezing/melting of ice and the precipitation/dissolution of minerals strongly suggests that complexity associated with aqueous chemistry, interfacial chemistry and biological processes has only a secondary effect on these pattern formation processes.

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