Molecular Characterization of High-Level-Cholera-Toxin-Producing El Tor Variant Vibrio cholerae Strains in the Zanzibar Archipelago of Tanzania

Pathogenic strains of Vibrio cholerae O139 possess the cholera toxin A subunit (ctxA) gene as well as the gene for toxin co-regulated pili (tcpA). We report the isolation of a ctxA-negative, tcpA-negative V. cholerae O139 strain (INDRE1) from a patient in Mexico diagnosed with gastrointestinal illness. Certain phenotypic characteristics of this strain were identical to those of V. cholerae O1 biotype El Tor. Unlike ctxA-positive V. cholerae O139 strains, this strain was sensitive to a wide panel of antibiotics, including ampicillin, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, furazolidone, nalidixic acid, nitrofurantoin, tetracycline, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and streptomycin, but was resistant to polymyxin B. Ribotype and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis profiles of INDRE1 differed from those of ctxA-positive V. cholerae O139 and other V. cholerae strains. Phenotypic characteristics of the Mexico strain were similar to those reported for V. cholerae O139 isolates from Argentina and Sri Lanka.Key words: Vibrio cholerae O139, cholera toxin, ctxA, tcpA.

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Detection and molecular characterization of Vibrio cholerae O1 Inaba biotype El Tor strain in Kerala, S. India

World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology ◽

10.1007/s11274-007-9481-9 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 24 (3) ◽

pp. 433-434 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Sabu Thomas ◽

Dhanya Ramachandran ◽

B. Remani ◽

D. V. Singh

Keyword(s):

Vibrio Cholerae ◽

Molecular Characterization ◽

Vibrio Cholerae O1 ◽

El Tor

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Genetic and Molecular Characterization of High-Level Gentamicin Resistance in Enterococcus faecalis Strains Isolated in Romania

Streptococci and the Host - Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ◽

10.1007/978-1-4899-1825-3_114 ◽

1997 ◽

pp. 479-482

Author(s):

Monica Straut ◽

Gilda de Cespédès ◽

Françoise Delbos ◽

Thea Horaud

Keyword(s):

Molecular Characterization ◽

Enterococcus Faecalis ◽

Gentamicin Resistance ◽

High Level

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Molecular characterization of Vibrio cholerae isolated from the aquatic sources in Southern Kerala, India

International Journal of Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1016/j.ijid.2012.05.864 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 16 ◽

pp. e241

Author(s):

P. Kumar ◽

S. Thomas

Keyword(s):

Vibrio Cholerae ◽

Molecular Characterization

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Molecular characterization of Vibrio cholerae O1 isolates obtained from outbreaks in the Philippines, 2015–2016

Journal of Medical Microbiology ◽

10.1099/jmm.0.001443 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 70 (11) ◽

Author(s):

Mark Philip Bugayong ◽

Hidemasa Izumiya ◽

Josie M. Bilar ◽

Masatomo Morita ◽

Eiji Arakawa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vibrio Cholerae ◽

Type Species ◽

Variable Number Tandem Repeat ◽

The Philippines ◽

Large Chromosome ◽

Content Type ◽

Link Type ◽

Mlva Type ◽

El Tor

Introduction. The Philippines, comprising three island groups, namely, Luzon, Visayas and Mindanao, experienced an increase in cholera outbreaks in 2016. Previous studies have shown that Vibrio cholerae isolates obtained from the Philippines are novel hybrid El Tor strains that have evolved in the country and are clearly distinct from those found in Mozambique and Cameroon. Gap statement. The characterization of the strains isolated from outbreaks has been limited to phenotypic characteristics, such as biochemical and serological characteristics, in most previous studies. Aim. We performed multilocus variable-number tandem repeat (VNTR) analysis (MLVA) for V. cholerae isolates obtained from 2015 to 2016 to further characterize and understand the emergence and dissemination of the strains in the Philippines. Methodology. A total of 139 V . cholerae O1 Ogawa biotype El Tor isolates were obtained from the Philippines during diarrhoeal outbreaks in 18 provinces between 2015 and 2016. VNTR data were analysed to classify the MLVA profiles where the large-chromosome types (LCTs) were applied for grouping. Results. We identified 50 MLVA types among 139 isolates originating from 18 provinces, and 14 LCTs. The distribution of the LCTs was variable, and a few were located in specific areas or even in specific provinces. Based on eBURST analysis, 99 isolates with 7 LCTs and 32 MLVA types belonged to 1 group, suggesting that they were related to each other. LCT A was predominant (n=67) and was isolated from Luzon and Visayas. LCT A had 14 MLVA types; however, it mostly emerged during a single quarter of a year. Eight clusters were identified, each of which involved specific MLVA type(s). The largest cluster involved 23 isolates showing 3 MLVA types, 21 of which were MLVA type A-14 isolated from Negros Occidental during quarter 4 of 2016. Comparative analysis showed that almost all isolates from the Philippines were distinct from those in other countries. Conclusions. The genotypic relationship of the V. cholerae isolates obtained during outbreaks in the Philippines was studied, and their emergence and dissemination were elucidated. MLVA revealed the short-term dynamics of V. cholerae genotypes in the Philippines.

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