Detection of Novel Sequences Related to African Swine Fever Virus in Human Serum and Sewage

ABSTRACT The family Asfarviridae contains only a single virus species, African swine fever virus (ASFV). ASFV is a viral agent with significant economic impact due to its devastating effects on populations of domesticated pigs during outbreaks but has not been reported to infect humans. We report here the discovery of novel viral sequences in human serum and sewage which are clearly related to the asfarvirus family but highly divergent from ASFV. Detection of these sequences suggests that greater genetic diversity may exist among asfarviruses than previously thought and raises the possibility that human infection by asfarviruses may occur.

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Tick-borne viruses

Parasitology ◽

10.1017/s0031182004005220 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 129 (S1) ◽

pp. S221-S245 ◽

Cited By ~ 142

Author(s):

M. LABUDA ◽

P. A. NUTTALL

Keyword(s):

Tick Species ◽

Rna Virus ◽

African Swine Fever Virus ◽

African Swine Fever ◽

Fever Virus ◽

Tick Borne Encephalitis ◽

The Family ◽

Crimean Congo Haemorrhagic Fever ◽

Tick Borne Encephalitis Virus ◽

Virus Survival

At least 38 viral species are transmitted by ticks. Virus–tick–vertebrate host relationships are highly specific and less than 10% of all tick species (Argasidae and Ixodidae) are known to play a role as vectors of arboviruses. However, a few tick species transmit several (e.g.Ixodes ricinus,Amblyomma variegatum) or many (I. uriae) tick-borne viruses. Tick-borne viruses are found in six different virus families (Asfarviridae, Reoviridae, Rhabdoviridae, Orthomyxoviridae, Bunyaviridae, Flaviviridae) and at least 9 genera. Some as yet unassigned tick-borne viruses may belong to a seventh family, theArenaviridae. With only one exception (African swine fever virus, family Asfarviridae) all tick-borne viruses (as well as all other arboviruses) are RNA viruses. Tick-borne viruses are found in all the RNA virus families in which insect-borne members are found, with the exception of the family Togaviridae. Some tick-borne viruses pose a significant threat to the health of humans (Tick-borne encephalitis virus,Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus) or livestock (African swine fever virus,Nairobi sheep disease virus). Key challenges are to determine the molecular adaptations that allow tick-borne viruses to infect and replicate in both tick and vertebrate cells, and to identify the principal ecological determinants of tick-borne virus survival.

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Genotypic Characteristics of African Swine Fever Virus Maintained in Various Outbreaks in Vietnam During 2019-2021

10.21203/rs.3.rs-791519/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Nam Minh Nguyen ◽

Tram Thi Ngoc Ngo ◽

Duyen Thi Minh Nguyen ◽

Hai Ngoc Nguyen ◽

Trang Thi Phuong Nguyen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

African Swine Fever Virus ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Hypervariable Region ◽

African Swine Fever ◽

Amino Acid Sequences ◽

Fever Virus ◽

Southern Vietnam ◽

Novel Variant ◽

Genotypic Characteristics

Abstract This study aimed to identify potential genetic diversity among African swine fever virus (ASFV) strains circulating in central and southern Vietnam. Thirty ASFV strains were collected from domestic pigs and convalescent pigs with ASFV-infected clinical signs from 19 different provinces of central and southern Vietnam during 2019–2021. A portion of the B646L (p72) gene and the entire E183L (p54), CP204L (p30), and B602L (CVR) genes were amplified, purified, and sequenced. Web-based BLAST and MEGA-X software were used for sequence analysis. Analysis of the partial B646L (p72) gene, the full-length E183L (p54) and CP204L (p30) genes, and the central hypervariable region (CVR) of the B602L gene sequence showed that all 30 ASFV isolates belonged to genotype II and were 100% identical to the previously identified strains in Vietnam and China. Analysis of the p72, p54, and p30 regions did not indicate any change in the nucleotide and amino acid sequences among these strains in 3 years of research. No novel variant was found in the CVR within the B602L gene. Analysis of the CVR showed that these ASFV strains belong to subgroup XXXII. The results of this study revealed that these ASFVs shared high homology with ASFV isolates detected previously in northern Vietnam and China. Taken together, the results of this study and a previous study in Vietnam showed high stability and no genetic diversity in the ASFV genome.

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