Characterization of IM virus, which is frequently isolated from cerebrospinal fluid of patients with multiple sclerosis and other chronic diseases of the central nervous system.

Intrathecal immunoglobulin synthesis in an oligoclonal pattern is the most common immunologic abnormality detected in MS patients. Various treatments, such as immunomodulators and immunosuppressors, have not been found to modify it. Natalizumab hinders migration of encephalitogenic T-cells into the central nervous system (CNS), reducing inflammatory response. Its impact on CSF oligoclonal bands (OCBs) has not been demonstrated. This report describes its effect in four out of six patients with multiple sclerosis after a mean of 10 infusions: the CSF was negative for OCBs at the second lumbar puncture. In conclusion, natalizumab treatment can reduce CSF OCBs to undetectable levels, although the clinical significance of this observation is not yet known.

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Blood and CSF Biomarker Dynamics in Multiple Sclerosis: Implications for Data Interpretation

Multiple Sclerosis International ◽

10.1155/2011/823176 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 2011 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

M. J. Eikelenboom ◽

B. M. J. Uitdehaag ◽

A. Petzold

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Central Nervous System ◽

Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽

Nervous System ◽

Peripheral Nervous System ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Disability Progression ◽

Protein Biomarker ◽

The Central Nervous System ◽

Neuroaxonal Degeneration

Background. Disability in multiple sclerosis (MS) is related to neuroaxonal degeneration. A reliable blood biomarker for neuroaxonal degeneration is needed.Objectives. To explore the relationship between cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum concentrations of a protein biomarker for neuroaxonal degeneration, the neurofilaments heavy chain (NfH).Methods. An exploratory cross-sectional (n=51) and longitudinal (n=34) study on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum NfH phosphoform levels in patients with MS. The expanded disability status scale (EDSS), CSF, and serum levels of NfH-SMI34 and NfH-SMI35 were quantified at baseline. Disability progression was assessed at 3-year followup.Results. At baseline, patients with primary progressive MS (PPMS, EDSS 6) and secondary progressive MS (SPMS, EDSS 6) were more disabled compared to patients with relapsing remitting MS (RRMS, EDSS 2,P<.0001). Serum and CSF NfH phosphoform levels were not correlated. Baseline serum levels of the NfH-SMI34 were significantly (P<.05) higher in patients with PPMS (2.05 ng/mL) compared to SPMS (0.03 ng/mL) and RRMS (1.56 ng/mL). In SPMS higher serum than CSF NfH-SMI34 levels predicted disability progression from baseline (ΔEDSS2,P<.05). In RRMS higher CSF than serum NfH-SMI35 levels predicted disability progression (ΔEDSS2,P<.05).Conclusion. Serum and CSF NfH-SMI34 and NfH-SMI35 levels did not correlate with each other in MS. The quantitative relationship of CSF and serum NfH levels suggests that neuroaxonal degeneration of the central nervous system is the likely cause for disability progression in RRMS. In more severely disabled patients with PP/SPMS, subtle pathology of the peripheral nervous system cannot be excluded as an alternative source for blood NfH levels. Therefore, the interpretation of blood protein biomarker data in diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) should consider the possibility that pathology of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) may influence the results.

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Lipoproteins and their receptors in the central nervous system. Characterization of the lipoproteins in cerebrospinal fluid and identification of apolipoprotein B,E(LDL) receptors in the brain.

Journal of Biological Chemistry ◽

10.1016/s0021-9258(18)47945-8 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 262 (29) ◽

pp. 14352-14360 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

R E Pitas ◽

J K Boyles ◽

S H Lee ◽

D Hui ◽

K H Weisgraber

Keyword(s):

Central Nervous System ◽

Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽

Nervous System ◽

Apolipoprotein B ◽

Ldl Receptors ◽

System Characterization ◽

The Central Nervous System ◽

The Brain

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Characterization of the Virus Antibody Activity of Oligoclonal IgG Produced in the Central Nervous System of Patients with Multiple Sclerosis

Slow Virus Infections of the Central Nervous System ◽

10.1007/978-1-4612-9883-0_24 ◽

1977 ◽

pp. 159-164 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Erling Norrby

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Central Nervous System ◽

Nervous System ◽

Antibody Activity ◽

Virus Antibody ◽

The Central Nervous System ◽

Oligoclonal Igg

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Multiple Sclerosis: Monitoring Disease Activity and Progression

10.1093/med/9780199937837.003.0084 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Pavan Bhargava ◽

Shiv Saidha

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Central Nervous System ◽

Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽

Nervous System ◽

Disease Activity ◽

Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers ◽

The Central Nervous System ◽

Degenerative Disorder ◽

Clinical Measures ◽

Assessment Strategies

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic inflammatory and degenerative disorder of the central nervous system. Measuring disease activity and progression are an integral part of the management of the disorder. A number of different approaches, including clinical measures, imaging metrics, and blood/cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers have been investigated for their utility in monitoring disease activity and progression. Each of these different approaches has certain advantages, as well as limitations, and this chapter provides an overview of these different assessment strategies.

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Chlamydia pneumoniae in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with multiple sclerosis and neurological controls

Multiple Sclerosis Journal ◽

10.1177/135245850100700605 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 7 (6) ◽

pp. 371-374 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

S Sotgiu ◽

A Piana ◽

M Pugliatti ◽

A Sotgiu ◽

G A Deiana ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Central Nervous System ◽

Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽

Nervous System ◽

Chlamydia Pneumoniae ◽

Immunofluorescence Microscopy ◽

Antibody Detection ◽

Common Event ◽

Neurological Patients ◽

The Central Nervous System

Chlamydia pneumoniae infection is a common event in neurological patients and recovery of C. pneumoniae DNA in the cerebrospinal fluids (CSF) of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients could represent an epiphenomenon. We assessed the relevance of C. pneumoniae infection in 62 CSF samples from 32 MS patients and 30 neurological controls by means of PCR, immunofluorescence microscopy, enzyme-linked fluorescence and antibody detection. Multiple sclerosis (9.3%) and neurological controls (13.3) had similar percentage of anti-C. pneumoniae antibodies. However, C. pneumoniae DNA was only detectable in MS patients' CSF (9.3%). Our data support the hypothesis that C. pneumoniae persistence in some MS patients may be the result of an impaired clearance within the central nervous system.

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