Potassium-argon cooling ages in the northern part of the Peninsular Ranges batholith and offsets on the Elsinore and San Jacinto fault zones

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.K. Miller ◽  
D.M. Morton ◽  
W.R. Premo
Keyword(s):  
Fault Zones ◽  
San Jacinto Fault ◽  
Peninsular Ranges

Modeling earthquake rupture dynamics across diffuse deforming fault zones

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Nicolas Hayek Valencia ◽  
Duo Li ◽  
Dave A. May ◽  
Alice-Agnes Gabriel
Keyword(s):  
Solid Earth ◽  
Fault Zone ◽  
Fault Zones ◽  
Displacement Discontinuity ◽  
Diffuse Interface ◽  
Dynamic Rupture ◽  
San Jacinto Fault ◽  
Rupture Dynamics ◽  
San Jacinto Fault Zone ◽  
Plastic Materials

<p>Earthquakes are a multi-scale, multi-physics problem. For the last decades, earthquakes have been modeled as a sudden displacement discontinuity across a simplified (potentially heterogeneous) surface of infinitesimal thickness in the framework of linear elastodynamics. Thus, earthquake models are commonly forced to distinguish artificially between on-fault frictional failure and the off-fault response of rock.<span> </span></p><p>While complex volumetric failure patterns of fault networks are observed from well-recorded large earthquakes (e.g., the 2016 M<sub>w</sub>7.8 Kaikōura event, <em>Klinger et al. 2018</em>) and small earthquakes (e.g., events in the San Jacinto Fault Zone, <em>Cheng et al. 2018</em>) as well as in laboratory experiments (e.g., in high-velocity friction experiments,<em> Passelègue et al., 2016</em>) inelastic deformation within a larger volume around the fault is generally neglected when studying kinematics, dynamics and the energy budget of earthquakes. Fault behaviour is then dominantly controlled by lab-derived friction on a surface. Recent 2D collapsing of material properties, stresses, geometry, and strength conditions from seismo-thermo-mechanical models to elastodynamic frictional interfaces illustrated resulting earthquake complexity and modeling challenges (<em>van Zelst et al., 2019</em>).</p><p>To understand the mechanics of slip in extended fault zones the ERC project <strong>TEAR</strong> (https://www.tear-erc.eu) aims to solve the governing equations of earthquake sources based on the conservation of mass, momentum and energy and rheological models for generalized visco-elasto-plastic materials. We here present (i) 2D numerical experiments of rupture dynamics and displacement decoupling under loading for varying fault zone properties resembling observations from the San Jacinto Fault Zone in a weak discontinuity approach<span>  </span>sing a diffuse fault representation (adapted stress-glut approach, Madariaga et al., 1998) within a <em>PETSc</em> spectral element discretisation of the seismic wave equation; (ii) Verification of modeling rupture dynamics using a novel diffuse interface approach using<em> ExaHyPE</em> (www.exahype.eu, <em>Reinarz et al. 2019</em>) that allows spontaneous, finite crack formation (<em>Tavelli et al.,</em> in prep.) and adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) zooming into the process zone at the rupture tip.</p><p>By this means, we start exploring scalable software for modelling shear rupture across extended, spontaneously developing fault systems for testing the hypothesis, that earthquake dynamics in fault zones can be jointly captured based on the theory of generalized visco-elasto-plastic materials.</p><p>References:</p><ul><li>Cheng, Y. et al. Diverse volumetric faulting patterns in the San Jacinto fault zone. JGR: Solid Earth, 123.6, 5068-5081 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1029/2017JB015408</li> <li>Klinger, Y. et al. Earthquake damage patterns resolve complex rupture processes. GRL, 45, 10,279– 10,287 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GL078842</li> <li>Madariaga, R. et al. Modeling dynamic rupture in a 3D earthquake fault model. BSSA, 88.5 (1998): 1182-1197.</li> <li>Passelègue, F. X. et al. Frictional evolution, acoustic emissions activity, and off‐fault damage in simulated faults sheared at seismic slip rates. JGR: Solid Earth, 121(10), 7490-7513 (2016). doi:10.1002/2016JB012988</li> <li>Reinarz, A. et al. ExaHyPE: An Engine for Parallel Dynamically Adaptive Simulations of Wave Problems. arXiv preprint (2019), arXiv:1905.07987.</li> <li>Tavelli, M. et al. Space-time adaptive ADER discontinuous Galerkin schemes for nonlinear hyperelasticity with material failure, in prep.</li> <li>Van Zelst, I. et al. Modeling Megathrust Earthquakes Across Scales: One-way Coupling From Geodynamics and Seismic Cycles to Dynamic Rupture. JGR: Solid Earth, <span>124</span>, <span>11414</span>–<span>11446</span> (2019). https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JB017539</li> </ul>

Passive seismic velocity monitoring of natural faults: The FaultScan project

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florent Brenguier ◽  
Aurelien Mordret ◽  
Yehuda Ben-Zion ◽  
Frank Vernon ◽  
Pierre Boué ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Velocity ◽  
Fault Zones ◽  
Body Waves ◽  
Fault System ◽  
Seismic Arrays ◽  
San Jacinto Fault ◽  
Highway Network ◽  
Seismic Velocity Changes ◽  
Passive Seismic ◽  
Velocity Changes

<p>Laboratory experiments report that detectable seismic velocity changes should occur in the vicinity of fault zones prior to earthquakes. However, operating permanent active seismic sources to monitor natural faults at seismogenic depth has been nearly impossible to achieve. The FaultScan project (Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Univ. Cal. San Diego, Univ. South. Cal.) aims at leveraging permanent cultural sources of ambient seismic noise to continuously probe fault zones at a few kilometers depth with seismic interferometry. Results of an exploratory seismic experiment in Southern California demonstrate that correlations of train-generated seismic signals allow daily reconstruction of direct P body-waves probing the San Jacinto Fault down to 4 km depth. In order to study long-term earthquake preparation processes we will monitor the San Jacinto Fault using such approach for at least two years by deploying dense seismic arrays in the San Jacinto Fault region. The outcome of this project may facilitate monitoring the entire San Andreas Fault system using the railway and highway network of California. We acknowledge support from the European Research Council under grant No.~817803, FAULTSCAN.</p>

Codependent histories of the San Andreas and San Jacinto fault zones from inversion of fault displacement rates

Geology ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 32 (11) ◽  
pp. 961 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard A. Bennett ◽  
Anke M. Friedrich ◽  
Kevin P. Furlong
Keyword(s):  
Fault Zones ◽  
San Jacinto Fault ◽  
San Andreas ◽  
Fault Displacement

scholarly journals Pleistocene Brawley and Ocotillo Formations: Evidence for Initial Strike‐Slip Deformation along the San Felipe and San Jacinto Fault Zones, Southern California

2007 ◽  
Vol 115 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan M. Kirby ◽  
Susanne U. Janecke ◽  
Rebecca J. Dorsey ◽  
Bernard A. Housen ◽  
Victoria E. Langenheim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southern California ◽  
Fault Zones ◽  
Strike Slip ◽  
San Jacinto Fault ◽  
Slip Deformation
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