Pacific salmons in the nekton community of the upper epipelagic layer of the Northwest Pacific at Kuril Islands in the early summer of 2012

2013 ◽  
Vol 39 (7) ◽  
pp. 486-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Khoruzhiy ◽  
A. V. Zavolokin ◽  
A. N. Starovoytov ◽  
S. V. Naydenko ◽  
N. S. Vanin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Summer ◽  
Kuril Islands ◽  
Northwest Pacific ◽  
Nekton Community ◽  
Upper Epipelagic Layer ◽  
Epipelagic Layer

scholarly journals Feeding of smoothtongue Leuroglossus schmidti in the Bering, Okhotsk Seas and adjacent waters of the Pacific Ocean

2016 ◽  
Vol 184 (1) ◽  
pp. 150-157
Author(s):  
Alexander Ya. Efimkin
Keyword(s):  
Bering Sea ◽  
Mesopelagic Fish ◽  
The North ◽  
Important Prey ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Upper Epipelagic Layer ◽  
The Pacific Ocean ◽  
The North Pacific ◽  
Epipelagic Layer ◽  
The Bering Sea

Smoothtongue Leuroglossus schmidti is a small mesopelagic fish species common for subarctic waters. It rises to the upper epipelagic layer at night for feeding and preys mainly on euphausiids, copepods and amphipods. Its mean index of stomach fullness reaches 68 ‱ in the epipelagic layer, but it almost doesn’t feed deeper than 200 m, judging by a little food in the stomach. In the Bering Sea, euphausiids dominate in its diet and the portion of copepods is small. In the ​​Okhotsk Sea, each of these two groups provides a half of the diet. In the North Pacific, the portion of copepods is 63 % on average, euphausiids are the second important prey, and amphipods occur in the diet occasionally. Daily ration of smoothtongue is about 1.4 %.

Strengthening of Tropical Indian Ocean Teleconnection to the Northwest Pacific since the Mid-1970s: An Atmospheric GCM Study*

2010 ◽  
Vol 23 (19) ◽  
pp. 5294-5304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gang Huang ◽  
Kaiming Hu ◽  
Shang-Ping Xie
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
El Niño ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Tropical Indian Ocean ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Interdecadal Change ◽  
Northwest Pacific ◽  
Wind Pattern ◽  
Climate Anomalies

Abstract The correlation of northwest (NW) Pacific climate anomalies during summer with El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) in the preceding winter strengthens in the mid-1970s and remains high. This study investigates the hypothesis that the tropical Indian Ocean (TIO) response to ENSO is key to this interdecadal change, using a 21-member ensemble simulation with the Community Atmosphere Model, version 3 (CAM3) forced by the observed history of sea surface temperature (SST) for 1950–2000. In the model hindcast, the TIO influence on the summer NW Pacific strengthens in the mid-1970s, and the strengthened TIO teleconnection coincides with an intensification of summer SST variability over the TIO. This result is corroborated by the fact the model’s skills in simulating NW Pacific climate anomalies during summer increase after the 1970s shift. During late spring to early summer, El Niño–induced TIO warming decays rapidly for the epoch prior to the 1970s shift but grows and persists through summer for the epoch occurring after it. This difference in the evolution of the TIO warming determines the strength of the TIO teleconnection to the NW Pacific in the subsequent summer. An antisymmetric wind pattern develops in spring across the equator over the TIO, and the associated northeasterly anomalies aid the summer warming over the north Indian Ocean by opposing the prevailing southwest monsoon. In the model, this antisymmetric spring wind pattern is well developed after but absent before the 1970s shift.

scholarly journals Resilience and the population history of the Kuril Islands, Northwest Pacific: A study in complex human ecodynamics

2016 ◽  
Vol 419 ◽  
pp. 165-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben Fitzhugh ◽  
Erik W. Gjesfjeld ◽  
William A. Brown ◽  
Mark J. Hudson ◽  
Jennie D. Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Kuril Islands ◽  
Population History ◽  
Northwest Pacific ◽  
Human Ecodynamics ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Kuril Islands

scholarly journals Food supply for nekton in the epipelagic layer of Pacific waters at Kuril Islands in the summer seasons of 2000s

2014 ◽  
Vol 176 (1) ◽  
pp. 240-260
Author(s):  
Svetlana V. Naydenko ◽  
Alexey A. Khoruzhiy
Keyword(s):  
Diet Composition ◽  
Kuril Islands ◽  
Feeding Intensity ◽  
Deep Waters ◽  
Pacific Waters ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Food Needs ◽  
Total Stock ◽  
Deep Water Part ◽  
Epipelagic Layer

Data of 8 surveys conducted by Pacific Fish. Res. Center (TINRO) in the Pacific waters at Kuril Islands in 2004-2012 are summarized to consider forage base and food relationships of nekton and plankton and to estimate consumption of forage resourced by nekton. The total stock of zooplankton and micronekton in the epipelagic layer changed from 62 to 158 million tons over the shelf and slope of the surveyed area and from 41 to 75 million tons in its deep-water part. Mezopelagic fishes, squids, pacific salmons, and subtropical fishes were the main consumers of these forage resources in summer. The portion of zooplankton stock consumed annually by nekton was relatively low: 4.2-9.3 % for shelf and slope areas (data for 2004, 2007, and 2011) and 4.5-15.6 % for the deep-waters (data for 2004, 2007, 2009, and 2011), without significant year-to-year changes in the diet composition and feeding intensity of nekton. There is concluded that zooplankton and micronekton of the studied area serve successively the food needs of its consumers and carrying capacity of the epipelagic layer in the Pacific waters at Kuril Islands is quite substantial.

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