Contribution of Aqueous Component to Technogenic Waters in Technogenic Mining Systems of the Dalnegorsk District

2020 ◽  
Vol 90 (13) ◽  
pp. 2664-2669
Author(s):  
V. P. Zvereva ◽  
A. I. Lysenko ◽  
K. R. Frolov
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Component ◽  
Technogenic Waters

scholarly journals Gradient HPLC in the determination of drug lipophilicity and acidity

2001 ◽  
Vol 73 (9) ◽  
pp. 1465-1475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman Kaliszan ◽  
Piotr Haber ◽  
Tomasz Baczek ◽  
Danuta Siluk
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Phase ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Standard Procedure ◽  
Gradient Elution ◽  
Log P ◽  
Retention Data ◽  
Organic Modifier ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Aqueous Component ◽  
Initial Ph

The linear-solvent strength (LSS) model of gradient elution in high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) has been demonstrated to provide parameters of lipophilicity and acidity of analytes. pKa and log kw values are determined in three gradient runs. The first two experiments use an aqueous buffered eluent with a wide-range organic modifier gradient at pH of buffer, providing suppression of ionization of the analyte. That experiment allows an estimate of contents of the organic modifier in the mobile phase (%B), producing requested retention coefficient, k, for the nonionized form of the analyte. The next experiment is carried out with the latter %B and a pH-gradient of the aqueous component of the eluent that is sufficient to overlap possible pKa value of the analyte. The initial pH of the buffer used to make the mobile phase is selected to insure that the analyte is in nonionized form. The resulting retention time allows an estimate of pKa in a solvent of the given %B.The log kw parameter obtained correlated well with the corresponding value obtained by the standard procedure of extrapolation of retention data determined in a series of isocratic measurements. The correlation between log kw and the reference parameter of lipophilicity, log P, was very good for a series of test analytes. The values of pKa were found to correlate with the literature pKa data determined in water for a set of aniline derivatives studied.

Adju-fluax withdrawn

1974 ◽  
Vol 12 (23) ◽  
pp. 92-92
Keyword(s):  
Small Proportion ◽  
Injection Technique ◽  
Sterile Abscess ◽  
Aqueous Component

The occurrence of sterile abscesses in a small proportion of people given Adju-Fluax has led the manufacturer (MSD) to withdraw the preparation for the present. Some of the abscesses may have been due to faulty injection technique. As the manufacturer’s instructions say, the vaccine must be injected deeply into muscle; more superficial injection is likely to cause a sterile abscess. But this is probably not the whole story. It is possible that small amounts of impurities in the aqueous component of the vaccine may be concerned. Inflammatory and other effects of such impurities would be trivial in an aqueous vaccine, but might be boosted by the adjuvant. New and extremely sensitive methods for detecting impurities have been developed, and the next step will be to prepare some more highly purified vaccine.

scholarly journals Extraction of Lipids from Liquid Biological Samples for High-Throughput Lipidomics

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (14) ◽  
pp. 3192
Author(s):  
Samuel Furse ◽  
Adam J. Watkins ◽  
Albert Koulman
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput ◽  
Lipid Fraction ◽  
Lipid Extraction ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Mouse Heart ◽  
Aqueous Fraction ◽  
Chlorinated Solvent ◽  
Aqueous Component ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Better Than

Extraction of the lipid fraction is a key part of acquiring lipidomics data. High-throughput lipidomics, the extraction of samples in 96w plates that are then run on 96 or 384w plates, has particular requirements that mean special development work is needed to fully optimise an extraction method. Several methods have been published as suitable for it. Here, we test those methods using four liquid matrices: milk, human serum, homogenised mouse liver and homogenised mouse heart. In order to determine the difference in performance of the methods as objectively as possible, we used the number of lipid variables identified, the total signal strength and the coefficient of variance to quantify the performance of the methods. This showed that extraction methods with an aqueous component were generally better than those without for these matrices. However, methods without an aqueous fraction in the extraction were efficient for milk samples. Furthermore, a mixture containing a chlorinated solvent (dichloromethane) appears to be better than an ethereal solvent (tert-butyl methyl ether) for extracting lipids. This study suggests that a 3:1:0.005 mixture of dichloromethane, methanol and triethylammonium chloride, with an aqueous wash, is the most efficient of the currently reported methods for high-throughput lipid extraction and analysis. Further work is required to develop non-aqueous extraction methods that are both convenient and applicable to a broad range of sample types.

Detection of Synthetic Drugs as Adulterants in Natural and Herbal Slimming Products by LC-ESI-MS/MS with Polarity Switching

2016 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 929-940 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phyllis Wilson ◽  
Claude Masse
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Simultaneous Detection ◽  
Gradient Elution ◽  
Ammonium Formate ◽  
Synthetic Drugs ◽  
Polarity Switching ◽  
Validation Parameters ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Aqueous Component ◽  
Positive Mode

Abstract The purpose of this study was to develop an LC-tandem MS method for the simultaneous detection of common synthetic drugs as adulterants in natural and herbal slimming products. Sixteen drugs belonging to a wide range of pharmaceutical classes were studied. Included in the list of drugs were anorexics, anxiolytics, antidepressants, diuretics, laxatives, and stimulants. The method used a C18 column (4.6 × 50 mm and 1.8 μm particle size). Separation of the drugs was achieved by gradient elution using 4 mM ammonium formate in water + 0.1% formic acid as the aqueous component and 4 mM ammonium formate in methanol + 0.1% formic as the organic component of the mobile phase. As not all of the analytes ionized in the positive mode, the mass spectrometer was operated in the electrospray ionization mode with polarity switching. The samples were extracted with methanol and the use of 50% acetonitrile in water and 50% methanol in water were investigated as diluents for injection into the LC-MS system. Utilizing both diluents, the validation parameters including accuracy, precision, LOD, and LOQ were assessed. The validation results and utilization of the method to analyze a variety of weight-loss supplements indicate that the two diluents give similar results and can be used interchangeably. This knowledge provides the user with the option of selecting either diluent for sample preparation depending on the sample matrix without having to revalidate the method. The method was applied to the analysis of weight-loss supplements available in local pharmacies, herbal pharmacies, and over the Internet.

scholarly journals Recycling Prospects for Saponite-Containing Water at Diamond Processing Plants in Arkhangelsk Region, Russia

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentine A. Chanturiya ◽  
Vladimir G. Minenko ◽  
Dmitriy V. Makarov ◽  
Olga V. Suvorova ◽  
Ekaterina A. Selivanova
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Separation Method ◽  
Electrochemical Separation ◽  
Arkhangelsk Region ◽  
Diamond Mining ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Processing Plants ◽  
Diamond Processing ◽  
Technogenic Waters

The analysis of methods of cleaning and processing of saponite-bearing technogenic waters of diamond mining enterprises of the Arkhangelsk region is carried out. The perspective of the electrochemical separation method for extracting saponite from man-caused waters, providing a targeted change in its structural-texture, physico-chemical and mechanical properties, is shown. The possible directions of realization of saponite and products of its modification in various branches of industry are considered.

scholarly journals Removal of metals from technogenic waters from abandoned coal mines using geochemical barriers

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 560-569
Author(s):  
Olga D. Arefieva ◽  
Valentina G. Tregubova ◽  
Natalya V. Gruschakova ◽  
Elena F. Grinenko
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Soil Column ◽  
Coal Mines ◽  
Natural Materials ◽  
Geochemical Barriers ◽  
Coal Burning ◽  
Abandoned Coal Mines ◽  
Kovdor Deposit ◽  
Cu And Zn ◽  
Technogenic Waters

Abstract A study was made of the possibility of using natural materials (vermiculites, zeolite) and wastes (ash from the Partizansk Coal-Burning Power Plant) as sorbents in geochemical barriers to manage discharges (technogenic waters) from abandoned coal mines and reduce metal concentrations to established, acceptable standards. Vermiculite from the Kovdor deposit was shown to reduce the concentrations of Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn cations, in both direct and inverse soil column models, by between two and five times.

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