scholarly journals Lung function at term in extremely preterm-born infants: a regional prospective cohort study

BMJ Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. e016868 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariann Haavik Bentsen ◽  
Trond Markestad ◽  
Knut Øymar ◽  
Thomas Halvorsen
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Minute Ventilation ◽  
Hospital Readmissions ◽  
Respiratory Morbidity ◽  
First Year ◽  
Tidal Breathing ◽  
Equivalent Age ◽  
Antenatal Steroids ◽  
Extremely Preterm ◽  
First Year Of Life

ObjectivesTo compare lung function of extremely preterm (EP)-born infants with and without bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) with that of healthy term-born infants, and to determine which perinatal characteristics were associated with lung function at term and how predictive these measurements were for later respiratory health in EP-born infants.MethodsPerinatal variables were recorded prospectively, and tidal breathing parameters were measured at term-equivalent age using electromagnetic inductance plethysmography. Respiratory morbidity was defined by hospital readmissions and/or treatment with asthma medications during the first year of life.ResultsFifty-two EP-born infants (mean gestational age 261, range 226–276weeks) and 45 term-born infants were included. There was evidence of significant airway obstruction, higher tidal volumes and increased minute ventilation in the EP-born infants with and without BPD, although generally more pronounced for those with BPD. Male gender, antenatal steroids and number of days on continuous positive airway pressure were associated with lung function outcomes at term. A prediction model incorporating two unrelated tidal breathing parameters, BPD, birth weight z-score and gender, predicted respiratory morbidity in the first year of life with good accuracy (area under the curve 0.818, sensitivity and specificity 81.8% and 75.0%, respectively).ConclusionLung function measured at term-equivalent age was strikingly abnormal in EP-born infants, irrespective of BPD. Tidal breathing parameters may be of value in predicting future pulmonary health in infants born premature.Trial registration numberNCT01150396; Results.

scholarly journals Can infant lung function predict respiratory morbidity during the first year of life in preterm infants?

2014 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 1642-1651 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Proietti ◽  
T. Riedel ◽  
O. Fuchs ◽  
I. Pramana ◽  
F. Singer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Respiratory Morbidity ◽  
First Year ◽  
First Year Of Life

scholarly journals Influence of volume dependency and timing of airway occlusions on the Hering-Breuer reflex in infants

1998 ◽  
Vol 85 (6) ◽  
pp. 2033-2039 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia S. Rabbette ◽  
Janet Stocks
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Mechanics ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Tidal Range ◽  
First Year ◽  
Similar Response ◽  
Inspiratory Time ◽  
Tidal Breathing ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Difference ◽  
First Year Of Life

Both end-inspiratory (EIO) and end-expiratory (EEO) airway occlusions are used to calculate the strength of the Hering-Breuer inflation reflex (HBIR) in infants. However, the influence of the timing of such occlusions is unknown, as is the extent to which changes in volume within and above the tidal range affect this reflex. The purpose of this study was to compare both techniques and to evaluate the volume dependency of the HBIR in healthy, sleeping infants up to 1 yr of age. The strength of the HBIR was expressed as the ratio of expiratory or inspiratory time during EIO or EEO, respectively, to that recorded during spontaneous breathing, i.e., as the “inhibitory ratio” (IR). Paired measurements of the EIO and EEO in 26 naturally sleeping newborn and 15 lightly sedated infants at ∼1 yr showed no statistically significant differences in the IR according to technique: mean (95% CI) of the difference (EIO − EEO) being −0.02 (−0.17, 0.13) during the first week of life and 0.04 (−0.14, 0.22) at 1 yr. During tidal breathing, a volume threshold of ∼4 ml/kg was required to evoke the HBIR. Marked volume and age dependency were observed. In newborn infants, occlusions at ∼10 ml/kg during sighs always resulted in an IR > 4, whereas a similar response was only evoked at 25 ml/kg in older infants. Age-related changes in the volume threshold may reflect maturational changes in the control of breathing and respiratory mechanics throughout the first year of life.

scholarly journals Hospital Readmissions and Costs in Children With a Cardiac Procedure in the First Year of Life

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. S308
Author(s):  
C. Lawley ◽  
S. Lain ◽  
G. Figtree ◽  
G. Sholler ◽  
D. Winlaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Readmissions ◽  
First Year ◽  
Cardiac Procedure ◽  
First Year Of Life

scholarly journals Electromagnetic inductance plethysmography is well suited to measure tidal breathing in infants

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 00062-2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariann H.L. Bentsen ◽  
Morten Eriksen ◽  
Merete S. Olsen ◽  
Trond Markestad ◽  
Thomas Halvorsen
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Tidal Volume ◽  
Minute Ventilation ◽  
Ultrasonic Flowmeter ◽  
Tidal Breathing ◽  
Limits Of Agreement ◽  
Noninvasive Methods ◽  
Expiratory Time ◽  
Expiratory Flow ◽  
Mean Differences

Reliable, accurate and noninvasive methods for measuring lung function in infants are desirable. Electromagnetic inductance plethysmography has been used to perform infant spirometry and VoluSense Pediatrics (VSP) (VoluSense, Bergen, Norway) represents an updated version of this technique. We aimed to examine its accuracy compared to a validated system measuring airflow via a facemask using an ultrasonic flowmeter.We tested 30 infants with postmenstrual ages between 36 to 43 weeks and weights from 2.3 to 4.8 kg, applying both methods simultaneously and applying VSP alone. Agreement between the methods was calculated using Bland–Altman analyses and we also estimated the effect of applying the mask.Mean differences for all breathing parameters were within ±5.5% and limits of agreement between the two methods were acceptable, except perhaps for peak tidal expiratory flow (PTEF). Application of the facemask significantly increased tidal volume, minute ventilation, PTEF, the ratio of inspiratory to expiratory time and the ratio of expiratory flow at 50% of expired volume to PTEF.VSP accurately measured tidal breathing parameters and seems well suited for tidal breathing measurements in infants under treatment with equipment that precludes the use of a facemask.

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