▾ Ondansetron to prevent chemotherapy-induced vomiting

1992 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 21-23
Keyword(s):  
Cytotoxic Drugs ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
New Type

Nausea and vomiting are very common within a few hours of administration of cytotoxic drugs, and may be severe enough to interrupt treatment or interfere with nutrition. The resulting dehydration may exacerbate toxic effects of the drugs. Ondansetron (Zofran – Glaxo) is an important new type of drug for the prevention of vomiting and nausea induced by chemotherapy and radiotherapy.

scholarly journals Metoclopramide versus chlorpromazine in controlling nausea and vomiting induced by cytotoxic drugs

BMJ ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 290 (6476) ◽  
pp. 1212-1213
Author(s):  
S G Allan ◽  
E J Bayliss ◽  
P S Warrington ◽  
R C F Leonard
Keyword(s):  
Cytotoxic Drugs ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting

Therapy-related issues: malignant diseases and immunosuppression

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Wiffen ◽  
Marc Mitchell ◽  
Melanie Snelling ◽  
Nicola Stoner
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Disease ◽  
Intrathecal Administration ◽  
Cytotoxic Drugs ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
British National Formulary ◽  
National Formulary ◽  
Malignant Diseases ◽  
Clinical Screening ◽  
Clinical Pharmacists

This chapter outlines information relevant to clinical pharmacists related to malignant disease and immunosuppression and is loosely based on the British National Formulary, Chapter 8. In particular, this chapter covers administration and handling of cytotoxic drugs, clinical screening of chemotherapy prescriptions, chemotherapy dosing and toxicity, antiemetics for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting, extravasation, and intrathecal administration of chemotherapy.

Therapy-related issues: malignant disease and immunosuppression

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Wiffen ◽  
Marc Mitchell ◽  
Melanie Snelling ◽  
Nicola Stoner
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Disease ◽  
Cytotoxic Drugs ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Clinical Screening ◽  
Paediatric Patients

Policy for the administration and handling of cytotoxic drugs 466Clinical screening of chemotherapy prescriptions 470Chemotherapy dosing 474Antiemetics for the prophylaxis of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting 478Principles of extravasation 486Extravasation of chemotherapy in adult patients 488Extravasation of chemotherapy in paediatric patients ...

scholarly journals The Clinical Use of Triethylene Melamine

Blood ◽  
1952 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 729-742 ◽  
Author(s):  
SHELDON C. KRAVITZ ◽  
HENRY D. DIAMOND ◽  
LLOYD F. CRAVER
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Treatment ◽  
Nitrogen Mustard ◽  
The Other ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Extreme Caution ◽  
Two Agents ◽  
Oral Doses

Abstract Triethylene melamine (TEM), a nitrogen mustard-like compound, which can be administered orally and intravenously, has been found to be of considerable clinical use in the palliative treatment of the lymphomas and leukemias. This drug is indicated when a patient presents generalized disease and constitutional symptoms such as fever and pruritus. The incidence of nausea and vomiting following TEM administration is significantly less than that following HN2. The other toxic effects of the two agents are comparable. TEM may be used in conjunction with roentgen therapy. Patients may be maintained om small oral doses of TEM for long periods of time, but extreme caution must be exercised in the oral use of TEM since its tolerance varies considerably with each individual.

Domperidone: an alternative to metoclopramide

1988 ◽  
Vol 26 (15) ◽  
pp. 59-60
Keyword(s):  
Dopamine Receptors ◽  
Gastrointestinal Motility ◽  
Ventricular Arrhythmias ◽  
Cytotoxic Drugs ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Central Control ◽  
Acute Nausea ◽  
Chemoreceptor Trigger Zone ◽  
Trigger Zone

The anti-emetic drug domperidone (Motilium - Janssen) was introduced in 1982.1 Like metoclopramide the drug blocks dopamine receptors in the medullary chemoreceptor trigger zone, thereby influencing the central control of nausea and vomiting, and in the gut to increase gastrointestinal motility.2 Parenteral domperidone which was used to prevent vomiting caused by cytotoxic drugs or postoperatively was withdrawn in 1984 because ventricular arrhythmias had followed high intravenous doses.3,4 Oral and rectal domperidone continue to be promoted, especially since the arrival of a second brand (Evoxin - Sterling). The tablets and suppositories are licensed ‘for the treatment of acute nausea and vomiting of any aetiology, in adults’ - a remarkably broad indication. The suppositories are also for children receiving cytotoxic drugs or radiotherapy.

Nabilone and high-dose metoclopramide: anti-emetics for cancer chemotherapy

1984 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 9-11
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Chemotherapy ◽  
Cytotoxic Drugs ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
High Dose

Nausea and vomiting caused by cytotoxic drugs often resist anti-emetics in conventional doses.1,2 Nabilone and high-dose metoclopramide are two new preparations specifically for the treatment of vomiting induced by cancer chemotherapy. We have recently discussed domperidone which is also used for this purpose.3

scholarly journals Randomised trial of intravenous high dose metoclopramide and intramuscular chlorpromazine in controlling nausea and vomiting induced by cytotoxic drugs.

BMJ ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 290 (6468) ◽  
pp. 604-605 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Cunningham ◽  
M Soukop ◽  
N L Gilchrist ◽  
G J Forrest ◽  
A Hepplestone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomised Trial ◽  
Cytotoxic Drugs ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
High Dose

The Microstructure of Shock-Synthesized Diamond

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 324-325
Author(s):  
Lucien F. Trueb
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystals ◽  
Preferred Orientation ◽  
High Magnification ◽  
Texture Pattern ◽  
Shock Process ◽  
New Type ◽  
Diffraction Diagram

A new type of synthetic industrial diamond formed by an explosive shock process has been recently developed by the Du Pont Company. This material consists of a mixture of two basically different forms, as shown in Figure 1: relatively flat and compact aggregates of acicular crystallites, and single crystals in the form of irregular polyhedra with straight edges.Figure 2 is a high magnification micrograph typical for the fibrous aggregates; it shows that they are composed of bundles of crystallites 0.05-0.3 μ long and 0.02 μ. wide. The selected area diffraction diagram (insert in Figure 2) consists of a weak polycrystalline ring pattern and a strong texture pattern with arc reflections. The latter results from crystals having preferred orientation, which shows that in a given particle most fibrils have a similar orientation.

Ultrastructure of the effect of T-514 obtained from Karwinskia humboldtiana on assembly and integrity of yeast's peroxisomes

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 136-137
Author(s):  
J. Sepulveda-Saavedra ◽  
I. Vander-Klei ◽  
M. Venhuis ◽  
Y. Piñeyro-Lopez
Keyword(s):  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Candida Boidinii ◽  
Central Mexico ◽  
Poisonous Plant ◽  
Biological Behaviour ◽  
Enzyme Content ◽  
Fat Deposits ◽  
Yeast Model

Karwinskia humboldtiana is a poisonous plant that grows in semi desertic areas in north and central México. It produces several substances with different toxic effects. One of them designated T-514 damages severely the lung, kidney and liver, producing in the hepatoeyte large intracellular fat deposits and necrosis. Preliminary observations demonstrated that three is a decrease in the amount of peroxisomes in the hepatocytes of experimentally intoxicated rats and monkeys. To study the effect exerted by the T-514 on peroxisomes, a yeast model was selected, thus, three species: Saccha romices cerevisiae, Ilansenula polymorpha and Candida boidinii were used, because there is information concerning their peroxisome's morphology, enzyme content, biological behaviour under different culture conditions and biogenesis.

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