Application of autologous cortical bone grafts for femoral non-union fractures in two dogs

Two dogs with non-union fractures and osteomyelitis in the femoral diaphysis were referred to the authors’ hospital. During surgery, the defects were reconstructed using autologous cortical bones harvested from the contralateral femoral diaphysis. Graft fixation was performed by a double-plate technique in both cases. Autogenous cancellous bone was also grafted between the host bone and the graft in both cases. Antibiotics were administered for two to three weeks. In cases 1 and 2, no loosening of the implant or lameness was observed after 31 months and 10 months, respectively. Autologous cortical bone grafts are useful in reconstructing large-sized bone defects of the femoral diaphysis associated with non-union fracture and osteomyelitis.

Download Full-text

Evaluation of Collagen as a Retainer for Autogenous Cancellous Bone Used in Repair of Full Thickness Cortical Bone Defects

Veterinary Surgery ◽

10.1111/j.1532-950x.1987.tb00927.x ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 146-150 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

A. L. JOHNSON ◽

L. E. STEIN ◽

S. C. ROE

Keyword(s):

Cortical Bone ◽

Cancellous Bone ◽

Bone Defects ◽

Full Thickness

Download Full-text

Effects of autogenous cancellous bone on healing of homogenous cortical bone grafts

Journal of Small Animal Practice ◽

10.1111/j.1748-5827.1980.tb01240.x ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 21 (4) ◽

pp. 235-245 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

J. D. BACHER ◽

R. E. SCHMIDT

Keyword(s):

Cortical Bone ◽

Cancellous Bone ◽

Bone Grafts

Download Full-text

Vascularized bone grafts for post-traumatic defects in the upper extremity

Archives of Plastic Surgery ◽

10.5999/aps.2020.00969 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 48 (1) ◽

pp. 84-90

Author(s):

Giovanna Petrella ◽

Daniele Tosi ◽

Filippo Pantaleoni ◽

Roberto Adani

Keyword(s):

Upper Extremity ◽

Bone Grafting ◽

Femoral Condyle ◽

Bone Grafts ◽

Bone Defects ◽

Tissue Loss ◽

Surgical Reconstruction ◽

Non Union ◽

Post Traumatic ◽

Vascularized Bone

Vascularized bone grafts (VBGs) are widely employed to reconstruct upper extremity bone defects. Conventional bone grafting is generally used to treat defects smaller than 5–6 cm, when tissue vascularization is adequate and there is no infection risk. Vascularized fibular grafts (VFGs) are mainly used in the humerus, radius or ulna in cases of persistent non-union where traditional bone grafting has failed or for bone defects larger than 6 cm. Furthermore, VFGs are considered to be the standard treatment for large bone defects located in the radius, ulna and humerus and enable the reconstruction of soft-tissue loss, as VFGs can be harvested as osteocutaneous flaps. VBGs enable one-stage surgical reconstruction and are highly infection-resistant because of their autonomous vascularization. A vascularized medial femoral condyle (VFMC) free flap can be used to treat small defects and non-unions in the upper extremity. Relative contraindications to these procedures are diabetes, immunosuppression, chronic infections, alcohol, tobacco, drug abuse and obesity. The aim of our study was to illustrate the use of VFGs to treat large post-traumatic bone defects and osteomyelitis located in the upper extremity. Moreover, the use of VFMC autografts is presented.

Download Full-text

The use of hydroxyapatite and autogenous cancellous bone grafts to repair bone defects in rats

International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery ◽

10.1016/j.ijom.2004.06.005 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 34 (2) ◽

pp. 178-184 ◽

Cited By ~ 48

Author(s):

R.V. Silva ◽

J.A. Camilli ◽

C.A. Bertran ◽

N.H. Moreira

Keyword(s):

Cancellous Bone ◽

Bone Grafts ◽

Bone Defects

Download Full-text

Influence of Gastrectomy on Cortical and Cancellous Bones in Rats

Gastroenterology Research and Practice ◽

10.1155/2013/381616 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Jun Iwamoto ◽

Yoshihiro Sato ◽

Hideo Matsumoto

Keyword(s):

Bone Formation ◽

Bone Mass ◽

Cortical Bone ◽

Cancellous Bone ◽

Femoral Diaphysis ◽

Control Group ◽

Sham Operation ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Osteoid Surface ◽

Cortical Bone Mass

The aim of the present study was to examine the influence of gastrectomy (GX) on cortical and cancellous bones in rats. Twenty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into the two groups of 10 animals each: a sham operation (control) group and a GX group. Seven weeks after surgery, the bone mineral content and density (BMC and BMD, resp.) and the mechanical strength of the femur were determined, and bone histomorphometric analyses were performed on the tibia. GX induced decreases in the BMC, BMD, ultimate force, work to failure, and stiffness of the femoral distal metaphysis and the BMC, BMD, and ultimate force of the femoral diaphysis. GX induced a decrease in cancellous bone mass, characterized by an increased osteoid thickness, osteoid surface, osteoid volume, and bone formation. GX also induced a decrease in cortical bone mass, characterized by increased endocortical bone resorption. The GX induced reductions in the bone mass and strength parameters were greater in cancellous bone than in cortical bone. The present study showed that the response of bone formation, resorption, and osteoid parameters to GX and the degree of GX-induced osteopenia and the deterioration of bone strength appeared to differ between cortical and cancellous bones in rats.

Download Full-text

Beta-tricalcium phosphate as a synthetic cancellous bone graft in veterinary orthopaedics

Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1633001 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 19 (04) ◽

pp. 196-204 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

C. Díaz-Bertrana ◽

P. Lafuente ◽

P. Fontecha ◽

I. Durall ◽

J. Franch

Keyword(s):

Bone Graft ◽

Cancellous Bone ◽

Tricalcium Phosphate ◽

Bone Fractures ◽

Bone Defects ◽

Cancellous Bone Graft ◽

Non Union ◽

Defect Healing ◽

Metacarpal Bones ◽

Clinical Cases

SummaryThe clinical use of β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) as a synthetic cancellous bone graft in veterinary orthopaedics is herein reported. The retrospective study was based on 13 clinical cases belonging to 11 dogs and one cat. The weights of the dogs ranged from 3.4 to 48 kg. One female cat weighing 3.5 kg completed the study. The clinical cases were six arthrodeses (four carpal, two tarsal), one hypertrophic non-union (femur), one atrophic non-union (metacarpal bones) and five long-bone fractures (two femurs, one tibia, two radii) possessing subcritical-sized bone defects. The β-TCP used in this study was presented as irregular interconnected-porous granules and was placed in the bone defects after mixing it with fresh blood. Bone healing was achieved at between eight and 12 weeks in all clinical cases except for the case of the chronic atrophic nonunion in which only one of the four metacarpal bones healed. In the 12 successful cases, the bone defect grafted with β-TCP showed a radiological bone ingrowth of 100% (10 cases), 90% (one case) and 75% (one case). The complete lack of tissue adverse effects in our series, and the good defect healing, allows us to hypothesise that β-TCP can be successfully used as a synthetic bone graft in bone defects with good local biological conditions and where osteoconduction is especially needed for assuring a structural scaffold for newbone ingrowth. When, in addition to osteoconduction, osteoinduction and osteogenesis are necessary for defect healing, the fresh cancellous bone graft remains the gold standard in veterinary orthopaedics.

Download Full-text